Effects of docosahexaenoic acid-rich n-3 fatty acid supplementation on cytokine release from blood mononuclear leukocytes: The omegad study
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Background Dietary fish or fish oil rich in n-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs), eg, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), ameliorate inflammatory reactions by various mechanisms. Whereas most studies have explored the effects of predominantly EPA-based n-3 FAs preparations, few have addressed the effects of n-3 FAs preparations with DHA as the main FA.Objective The objective was to determine the effects of 6 mo of dietary supplementation with an n-3 FAs preparation rich in DHA on release of cytokines and growth factors from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Design In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 174 Alzheimer disease (AD) patients received daily either 1.7 g DHA and 0.6 g EPA (n-3 FAs group) or placebo for 6 mo. In the present study blood samples were obtained from the 23 first randomized patients, and PBMCs were isolated before and after 6 mo of treatment.Results Plasma concentrations of DHA and EPA were significantly increased at 6 mo in the n-3 FAs group. This group also showed significant decreases of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor secretion after stimulation of PBMCs with lipopolysaccharide. Changes in the DHA and EPA concentrations were negatively associated with changes in IL-1beta and IL-6 release for all subjects. Reductions of IL-1beta and IL-6 were also significantly correlated with each other. In contrast, this n-3 FA treatment for 6 mo did not decrease tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IotaL-8, IL-10, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor secretion.Conclusion AD patients treated with DHA-rich n-3 FAs supplementation increased their plasma concentrations of DHA (and EPA), which were associated with reduced release of IL-1beta, IL-6, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor from PBMCs. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00211159.
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n-3 PUFAs possess anti-inflammatory properties.
“Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which are commonly found in fish oil supplements, are known to possess anti-inflammatory properties”
From Potential Roles of n-3 PUFAs during Skeletal Muscle Growth and Regeneration (2018) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Vedin, I., Cederholm, T., Freund Levi, Y., Basun, H., Garlind, A., Faxén Irving, G., Jönhagen, M. E., Vessby, B., Wahlund, L.-O., & Palmblad, J.
- Affiliations
- Uppsala University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Palmblad, Jan
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1616-1622
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2165433475
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 13.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Keywords
- docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 supplementation, fish oil, Alzheimer's disease, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cytokine production, interleukin-6, IL-1β, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, eicosapentaenoic acid, lipopolysaccharide stimulation, anti-inflammatory activity, plasma fatty acid concentrations
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fish Oils, Growth Substances, Humans, Inflammation, Leukocyte Count, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Interleukin-6, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, Cytokines, Lymphocyte Count, Dietary Supplements, Interleukin-1beta
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