Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA: Health benefits throughout life
Open accessAbstract
Omega-3 [(n-3)] fatty acids have been linked to healthy aging throughout life. Recently, fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA have been associated with fetal development, cardiovascular function, and Alzheimer's disease. However, because our bodies do not efficiently produce some omega-3 fatty acids from marine sources, it is necessary to obtain adequate amounts through fish and fish-oil products. Studies have shown that EPA and DHA are important for proper fetal development, including neuronal, retinal, and immune function. EPA and DHA may affect many aspects of cardiovascular function including inflammation, peripheral artery disease, major coronary events, and anticoagulation. EPA and DHA have been linked to promising results in prevention, weight management, and cognitive function in those with very mild Alzheimer's disease.
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The anti-inflammatory, hypotriglyceridemic, and cardioprotective effects of n-3 PUFA have been mainly demonstrated for EPA and DHA.
“For example, the anti-inflammatory, hypotriglyceridemic, and cardioprotective effects of n-3 PUFA have been mainly demonstrated for EPA and DHA [61].”
From Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Improving Metabolic Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [61]
The Introduction and Conclusion describe anti-inflammatory benefits of EPA and DHA, and the cardiovascular-disease section reports reduced coronary events in some EPA or EPA+DHA studies, while acknowledging conflicting results. Our copy does not establish a triglyceride-lowering effect specifically for EPA and DHA, nor does it compare them with other n-3 PUFAs to substantiate “mainly demonstrated.” The triglyceride mention found is a reference title about lean fish consumption, not a finding reported for EPA and DHA. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Swanson, D., Block, R., & Mousa, S. A.
- Affiliations
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (US)
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- King Saud University (SA)
- Corresponding author
- Mousa, Shaker A.
- Venue
- Advances in Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-7
- ISSN
- 2156-5376 (ISSN-L)
- 2161-8313
- PMC
- PMC3262608
- OpenAlex
- W2124111734
- Cited by
- 1,575
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 118 · 2025: 179 · 2024: 163 · 2023: 152 · 2022: 159 · 2021: 164 · 2020: 153 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 100 · 2017: 90 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Advances in Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
- National Center for Research Resources (KL2RR024136, UL1RR024160)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Keywords
- omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, fish oil, healthy aging, fetal development, cardiovascular function, Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, peripheral arterial disease, anticoagulation, weight management, cognitive function, retinal development, immune function
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Female, Humans, Nutritional Requirements, Pregnancy, Primary Prevention, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Fetal Development
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