Cited by 104Seed and Plant BiochemistryFatty Acid Research and HealthNutritional Studies and Diet

Chia Seed Supplementation and Disease Risk Factors in Overweight Women: A Metabolomics Investigation

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Nieman, David C., Gillitt, Nicholas, Jin, Fuxia, Henson, Dru A., Kennerly, Krista, Shanely, R. Andrew, Ore, Brandon, Su, MingMing +1 more·2012·The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

Abstract

OBJECTIVE/SETTING: This study assessed the effectiveness of milled and whole chia seed in altering disease risk factors in overweight, postmenopausal women using a metabolomics approach. DESIGN/INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized to chia seed (whole or milled) and placebo (poppy seed) groups, and under double-blinded procedures ingested 25 g chia seed or placebo supplements each day for 10 weeks. SUBJECTS: Subjects included 62 overweight (body-mass index 25 kg/m(2) and higher), nondiseased, nonsmoking, postmenopausal women, ages 49-75 years, with analysis based on the 56 subjects who completed all phases of the study. OUTCOME MEASURES: Pre- and poststudy measures included body mass and composition, blood pressure and augmentation index, serum lipid profile, inflammation markers from fasting blood samples, plasma fatty acids, and metabolic profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with multivariate statistical methods including principal component analysis and partial least-square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). RESULTS: Plasma α-linolenic acid (N=ALA) increased 58% (interaction effect, p=0.002) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 39% (p=0.016) in the milled chia seed group (N=14) compared to nonsignificant changes in the whole chia seed (N=16) and placebo (N=26) groups. Pre-to-post measures of body composition, inflammation, blood pressure, augmentation index, and lipoproteins did not differ between chia seed (whole or milled) and placebo groups (all interaction effects, p>0.05). Global metabolic difference scores for each group calculated through PLS-DA models were nonsignificant (Q(2)Y<0.40), and fold-changes for 28 targeted metabolites associated with inflammation and disease risk factors did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of 25 g/day milled chia seed compared to whole chia seed or placebo for 10 weeks by overweight women increased plasma ALA and EPA, but had no influence on inflammation or disease risk factors using both traditional and metabolomics-based measures.

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Crossref · 10.1089/acm.2011.0443

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Authors
Nieman, D. C., Gillitt, N., Jin, F., Henson, D. A., Kennerly, K., Shanely, R. A., Ore, B., Su, M., & Schwartz, S.
Affiliations
  • Appalachian State University (US)
  • Dole Nutrition Research Laboratory, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC.
  • David H. Murdock Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Nieman, David C.
Venue
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
Published
2012-07
Volume
18
Issue
7
Pages
700-708
ISSN
  • 1075-5535 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-7708
OpenAlex
W2075898111
Cited by
104
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
5.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion)
  • Appalachian State University
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Seed and Plant Biochemistry
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
Salvia hispanica, dietary supplementation, overweight women, postmenopausal women, plasma fatty acids, alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, inflammatory markers, disease risk factors, body composition, blood pressure, serum lipids, metabolomics
MeSH terms
Aged, Blood Pressure, Body Composition, Dietary Fats, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Lipoproteins, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Phytotherapy, Middle Aged, Obesity, Risk Factors, Seeds, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Biomarkers, Multivariate Analysis, Postmenopause, alpha-Linolenic Acid, Dietary Supplements, Salvia, Plant Preparations, Metabolomics

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