Boosting focally-induced brain plasticity by dopamine
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) simultaneously produces both excitation and inhibition in the human cortex. In order to shed light on the functional significance of these seemingly opposing effects, we administered the DA precursor levodopa (L-dopa) to healthy subjects in conjunction with 2 neuroplasticity-inducing motor cortex stimulation protocols. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces cortical excitability enhancement by anodal and depression by cathodal brain polarization, which is not restricted to specific subgroups of synapses. In contrast, paired associative stimulation (PAS) induces focal excitability enhancements of somatosensory and motor cortical neuronal synaptic connections. Here, we show that administering L-dopa turns the unspecific excitability enhancement caused by anodal tDCS into inhibition and prolongs the cathodal tDCS-induced excitability diminution. Conversely, it stabilizes the PAS-induced synapse-specific excitability increase. Most importantly, it prolongs all of these aftereffects by a factor of about 20. Hereby, DA focuses synapse-specific excitability-enhancing neuroplasticity in human cortical networks.
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Ketamine arrests pathologic bursting in the lateral habenula and rebalances prefrontal microcircuits, producing fast antidepressant effects that nevertheless require stabilization to curb relapse.
“Ketamine arrests pathologic bursting in the lateral habenula and rebalances prefrontal microcircuits, producing fast antidepressant effects that nevertheless require stabilization to curb relapse [76,364].”
From Synaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery (2026) · cites this paper as [364]
The Abstract and Discussion describe how L-dopa affects stimulation-induced plasticity in the human motor cortex, not ketamine's antidepressant effects. Searches for ketamine, lateral habenula bursting, prefrontal microcircuits, and relapse found no passage addressing the attributed claim; the paper's discussion of stabilization concerns motor-cortex plasticity. (LLM, conf=0.78)
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- Authors
- Kuo, M.-F., Paulus, W., & Nitsche, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-06-24
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 648-651
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2170170290
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 10.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- dopamine, levodopa, neuroplasticity, transcranial direct current stimulation, paired associative stimulation, motor cortex excitability, synaptic plasticity, anodal tDCS, cathodal tDCS, aftereffects, human cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Dopamine, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Cortex, Neural Inhibition, Neuronal Plasticity, Evoked Potentials, Motor
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