The Number of Chandelier and Basket Cells Are Differentially Decreased in Prefrontal Cortex in Autism
Open accessAbstract
An interneuron alteration has been proposed as a source for the modified balance of excitation / inhibition in the cerebral cortex in autism. We previously demonstrated a decreased number of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons in prefrontal cortex in autism. PV-expressing interneurons include chandelier (Ch) and basket (Bsk) cells. We asked whether the decreased PV+ interneurons affected both Ch cells and Bsk cells in autism. The lack of single markers to specifically label Ch cells or Bsk cells presented an obstacle for addressing this question. We devised a method to discern between PV-Ch and PV-Bsk cells based on the differential expression of Vicia villosa lectin (VVA). VVA binds to N-acetylgalactosamine, that is present in the perineuronal net surrounding some cell types where it plays a role in intercellular communication. N-acetylgalactosamine is present in the perineuronal net surrounding Bsk but not Ch cells. We found that the number of Ch cells is consistently decreased in the prefrontal cortex of autistic (n = 10) when compared with control (n = 10) cases, while the number of Bsk cells is not as severely affected. This finding expand our understanding of GABAergic system functioning in the human cerebral cortex in autism, which will impact translational research directed towards providing better treatment paradigms for individuals with autism.
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In ASD, the number of neurons (but also their size), specifically the chandelier cells, basket cells and other parvalbumin-expressing interneurons, is decreased in the PFC.
“The number of neurons (but also their size), specifically the chandelier cells, basket cells and other parvalbumin-expressing interneurons, is decreased in the PFC [369–371].”
From Development of prefrontal cortex (2022) · cites this paper as [369]
The Results (p. 7) report fewer chandelier cells in autistic prefrontal cortex and a possible mild decrease in basket cells in some areas; the Introduction (p. 2) reports an earlier finding of fewer PV-expressing interneurons. The paper does not report that these neurons are smaller, and it does not establish a general decrease in basket cells throughout the PFC. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe number of parvalbumin-immunoreactive interneurons, but not calbindin- or calretinin-expressing ones, is decreased in the medial PFC in ASD, and this decrease is due to fewer chandelier interneurons.
“The number of parvalbumin-immunoreactive interneurons, but not those expressing calbindin or calretinin, is decreased in the medial PFC [148], which was recently confirmed to be due to fewer chandelier interneurons [12].”
From Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models (2017) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Ariza, J., Rogers, H., Hashemi, E., Noctor, S. C., & Martínez-Cerdeño, V.
- Affiliations
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Northern California (US)
- University of California Davis Medical Center (US)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, Sacramento, USA
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-11-19
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 411-420
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- PMC
- PMC6676950
- OpenAlex
- W2558342721
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Mental Health (MH094681, MH101188)
- MIND Institute (U54 HD079125)
- Shriners Hospitals, and the Pathology Department at UCD
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, chandelier cells, basket cells, parvalbumin interneurons, prefrontal cortex, Vicia villosa lectin, N-acetylgalactosamine, perineuronal nets, GABAergic interneurons, excitation-inhibition balance, interneuron loss
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Cell Count, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neurons, Parvalbumins, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult
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