Androgen excess fetal programming of female reproduction: a developmental aetiology for polycystic ovary syndrome

Abbott, D.H.; Barnett, D.K.; Bruns, C.M.; Dumesic, D.A.

doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi013

Cited by 555Ovarian function and disordersSexual Differentiation and DisordersReproductive Biology and Fertility

Androgen excess fetal programming of female reproduction: a developmental aetiology for polycystic ovary syndrome

Abbott, D.H., Barnett, D.K., Bruns, C.M., Dumesic, D.A.·2005·Human Reproduction Update

DOI 10.1093/humupd/dmi013

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains unknown. This familial syndrome is prevalent among reproductive-aged women and its inheritance indicates a dominant regulatory gene with incomplete penetrance. However, promising candidate genes have proven unreliable as markers for the PCOS phenotype. This lack of genetic linkage may represent both extreme heterogeneity of PCOS and difficulty in establishing a universally accepted PCOS diagnosis. Nevertheless, hyperandrogenism is one of the most consistently expressed PCOS traits. Animal models that mimic fetal androgen excess may thus provide unique insight into the origins of the PCOS syndrome. Many female mammals exposed to androgen excess in utero or during early post-natal life typically show masculinized and defeminized behaviour, ovulatory dysfunction and virilized genitalia, although behavioural and ovulatory dysfunction can coexist without virilized genitalia based upon the timing of androgen excess. One animal model shows particular relevance to PCOS: the prenatally androgenized female rhesus monkey. Females exposed to androgen excess early in gestation exhibit hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhoea and enlarged, polyfollicular ovaries, in addition to LH hypersecretion, impaired embryo development, insulin resistance accompanying abdominal obesity, impaired insulin response to glucose and hyperlipidaemia. Female monkeys exposed to androgen excess late in gestation mimic these programmed changes, except for LH and insulin secretion defects. In utero androgen excess may thus variably perturb multiple organ system programming and thereby provide a single, fetal origin for a heterogeneous adult syndrome.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/humupd/dmi013

Cites

227 of 227 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Fetal, neonatal, prepubertal, and/or pubertal ovaries may be genetically predisposed to increased androgen secretion.
“Fetal, neonatal, prepubertal, and/or pubertal ovaries may be genetically predisposed to increased androgen secretion [100, 101].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment With Emphasis on Adolescent Girls (2019) · cites this paper as [101]

Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome
(2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004 · Cited by 9,050 · see citing works
Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group (2004) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deh098 · Cited by 6,138 · see citing works
A gene from the human sex-determining region encodes a protein with homology to a conserved DNA-binding motif
Sinclair, A. H., Berta, P., Palmer, M. S., Hawkins, J. R., Griffiths, B. L., Smith, M. J., Foster, J. W., Frischauf, A., Lovell-Badge, R. H., & Goodfellow, P. N. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/346240a0 · Cited by 3,234 · see citing works
Insulin Resistance and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mechanism and Implications for Pathogenesis
Dunaif, A. E. (1997) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.18.6.0318 · Cited by 2,761 · see citing works
The Prevalence and Features of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in an Unselected Population
Azziz, R., Woods, K. S., Reyna, R., Key, T. J., Knochenhauer, E. S., & Yıldız, B. O. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-032046 · Cited by 2,715 · see citing works
Estrogen Resistance Caused by a Mutation in the Estrogen-Receptor Gene in a Man
Smith, E. P., Boyd, J., Frank, G. R., Takahashi, H., Cohen, R. M., Specker, B., Williams, T. C., Lubahn, D. B., & Korach, K. S. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199410203311604 · Cited by 2,471 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Franks, S. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199509283331307 · Cited by 2,463 · see citing works
Prevalence and Predictors of Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective, Controlled Study in 254 Affected Women1
Legro, R. S., Kunselman, A. R., Dodson, W. C., & Dunaif, A. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.1.5393 · Cited by 1,537 · see citing works
Androgen Receptor Defects: Historical, Clinical, and Molecular Perspectives*
Quigley, C. A., Bellis, A. D., Marschke, K. B., Awady, M. K. E., Wilson, E. M., & French, F. S. (1995) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-16-3-271 · Cited by 1,436 · see citing works
Aromatase deficiency in male and female siblings caused by a novel mutation and the physiological role of estrogens
Morishima, A., Grumbach, M. M., Simpson, E. R., Fisher, C., & Qin, K. (1995) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.80.12.8530621 · Cited by 1,416 · see citing works
A Prospective Study of the Prevalence of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Unselected Caucasian Women from Spain1
Asunción, M., Calvo, R. M., Millán, J. L. S., Sancho, J., Ávila, S., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.7.6682 · Cited by 1,328 · see citing works
Insulin Resistance and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mechanism and Implications for Pathogenesis
Dunaif, A. E. (1997) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.18.6.774 · Cited by 1,167 · see citing works
Effect of testosterone and estradiol in a man with aromatase deficiency
Carani, C., Qin, K., Simoni, M., Faustini-Fustini, M., Serpente, S., Boyd, J., Korach, K. S., & Simpson, E. R. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199707103370204 · Cited by 1,151 · see citing works
A Survey of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Greek Island of Lesbos: Hormonal and Metabolic Profile
Diamanti‐Kandarakis, E., Kouli, C., Bergiele, A. T., Filandra, F. A., Tsianateli, T. C., Spina, G., Zapanti, E. D., & Bartzis, M. I. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.11.6148 · Cited by 1,107 · see citing works
Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with anovulation and idiopathic hirsutism.
Adams, J., POLSON, D. W., & Franks, S. (1986) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.293.6543.355 · Cited by 975 · see citing works
Improvement in Endocrine and Ovarian Function during Dietary Treatment of Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Kiddy, D. S., Hamilton‐Fairley, D., Bush, A., Short, F., Anyaoku, V., Reed, M. J., & Franks, S. (1992) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1992.tb02909.x · Cited by 921 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Franks, S. (1997) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.77.1.89 · Cited by 802 · see citing works
A Prospective Study of the Prevalence of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Unselected Caucasian Women from Spain
Asuncion, M. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.7.2434 · Cited by 791 · see citing works
Effects of Metformin on Spontaneous and Clomiphene-Induced Ovulation in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Nestler, J. E., Jakubowicz, D. J., Evans, W. S., & Pasquali, R. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199806253382603 · Cited by 781 · see citing works
Evidence for a genetic basis for hyperandrogenemia in polycystic ovary syndrome
Legro, R. S., Driscoll, D., Strauss, J. F., Fox, J., & Dunaif, A. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.14956 · Cited by 699 · see citing works
Characterization of the inappropriate gonadotropin secretion in polycystic ovary syndrome.
Rebar, R. W., Judd, H. L., Yen, S. S. C., Rakoff, J. S., Vandenberg, G., & Naftolin, F. N. (1976) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci108400 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
A dosage sensitive locus at chromosome Xp21 is involved in male to female sex reversal
Bardoni, B., Zanaria, E., Guioli, S., Floridia, G., Worley, K. C., Tonini, G., Ferrante, E., Chiumello, G., McCabe, E. R. B., Fraccaro, M., et al. (1994) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0894-497 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Characterization of Groups of Hyperaiidrogenic Women with Acanthosis Nigricans, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, and/or Hyperinsulinemia*
Dunaif, A. E., GRAF, M., Mandeli, J., Laumas, V., & Dobrjansky, A. (1987) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-65-3-499 · Cited by 577 · see citing works
A Dosage Sensitive Locus at Chromosome Xp21 Is Involved in Male to Female Sex Reversal
Bardoni, B., Zanaria, E., Guioli, S., Floridia, G., Worley, K. C., Tonini, G., Ferrante, E., Chiumello, G., McCabe, E. R. B., Fraccaro, M., et al. (1995) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/00006254-199502000-00020 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
The insulin-sensitizing agent troglitazone improves metabolic and reproductive abnormalities in the polycystic ovary syndrome.
Dunaif, A. E., Scott, D., Finegood, D. T., Quintana, B., & Whitcomb, R. W. (1996) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.81.9.8784087 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Sexual Differentiation of the Vertebrate Brain: Principles and Mechanisms
Cooke, B., Hegstrom, C. D., Villeneuve, L. S., & Breedlove, S. M. (1998) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1006/frne.1998.0171 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Developmental origin of polycystic ovary syndrome—a hypothesis
Abbott, D., Dumesic, D., & Franks, S. (2002) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1740001 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Self-citation
Determinants of Abnormal Gonadotropin Secretion in Clinically Defined Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome1
Taylor, A. E., McCourt, B. J., Martin, K. A., Anderson, E. J., Adams, J. M., Schoenfeld, D., & Hall, J. E. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.82.7.4105 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Form of FunctionalOvarian Hyperandrogenism Due to Dysregulation ofAndrogen Secretion*
EHRMAN, D. A., Barnes, R. B., & Rosenfield, R. L. (1995) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-16-3-322 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Thirty-seven candidate genes for polycystic ovary syndrome: Strongest evidence for linkage is with follistatin
Urbanek, M., Legro, R. S., Driscoll, D. A., Azziz, R., Ehrmann, D. A., Norman, R. J., Strauss, J. F., Spielman, R. S., & Dunaif, A. E. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.15.8573 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
PRODUCTION OF ANOVULATORY, STERILE RATS BY SINGLE INJECTIONS OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE1
Barraclough, C. A. (1961) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-68-1-62 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Androgen and psychosexual development: Core gender identity, sexual orientation, and recalled childhood gender role behavior in women and men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Hines, M., Brook, C. G. D., & Conway, G. S. (2004) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224490409552215 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Quality of Life, Psychosocial Well-Being, and Sexual Satisfaction in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Elsenbruch, S., Hahn, S., Kowalsky, D., Öffner, A. H., Schedlowski, M., Mann, K., & Janssen, O. E. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030562 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
‘The thief of womanhood’: women's experience of polycystic ovarian syndrome
Kitzinger, C., & Willmott, J. (2002) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00034-x · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Influence of serum luteinising hormone concentrations on ovulation, conception, and early pregnancy loss in polycystic ovary syndrome.
Homburg, R., Armar, N. A., Eshel, A., Adams, J., & Jacobs, H. S. (1988) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.297.6655.1024 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Pathogenesis of Type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus: a balanced overview
DeFronzo, R. A. (1992) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00401208 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
The Molecular-Genetic Basis of Functional Hyperandrogenism and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Luque‐Ramírez, M., & Millán, J. L. S. (2005) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2004-0004 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Maternal serum androgens in pregnant women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: possible implications in prenatal androgenization
Sir‐Petermann, T. (2002) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/17.10.2573 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome as a form of functional ovarian hyperandrogenism due to dysregulation of androgen secretion
Ehrmann, D. A. (1995) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.16.3.322 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
EVIDENCE THAT THE HYPOTHALAMUS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ANDROGEN-INDUCED STERILITY IN THE FEMALE RAT1
Barraclough, C. A., & Gorski, R. A. (1961) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-68-1-68 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Sexual differences of the hypophyses and their determination by the gonads
Pfeiffer, C. A. (1936) · American Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1002/aja.1000580112 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Hormonal factors in the sex differentiation of the mammalian foetus
Jost, A. (1970) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1970.0052 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Modulation by insulin of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone actions in human granulosa cells of normal and polycystic ovaries.
Willis, D., Mason, H., Gilling-Smith, C., & Franks, S. (1996) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.81.1.8550768 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Mammalian sex determination: a molecular dramaPreprint
Swain, A., & Lovell-Badge, R. H. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.7.755 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1997) · PubMed · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Definitions, prevalence and symptoms of polycystic ovaries and polycystic ovary syndrome
Hart, R., Hickey, M., & Franks, S. (2004) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2004.05.001 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Mullerian Inhibiting Substance: A Gonadal Hormone with Multiple Functions*
Lee, M., & Donahoe, P. K. (1993) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-14-2-152 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Differentiation of coital behavior in mammals: A comparative analysis
Baum, M. J. (1979) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(79)90013-7 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Long-Term Medical, Surgical, and Psychosexual Outcome1
Wisniewski, A. B., Migeon, C. J., Meyer‐Bahlburg, H. F. L., Gearhart, J. P., Berkovitz, G. D., Brown, T. R., & Money, J. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.8.6742 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Prenatal androgens alter GABAergic drive to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons: Implications for a common fertility disorder
Sullivan, S. D., & Moenter, S. M. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0308058101 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Ovarian hyperandrogynism as a result of congenital adrenal virilizing disorders: evidence for perinatal masculinization of neuroendocrine function in women
Barnes, R. B., Rosenfield, R. L., Ehrmann, D. A., Cara, J. F., Cuttler, L., Levitsky, L. L., & Rosenthal, I. M. (1994) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.79.5.7962325 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Secretion, and Abdominal Fat
Wagenknecht, L. E., Langefeld, C. D., Scherzinger, A. L., Norris, J. M., Haffner, S. M., Saad, M. F., & Bergman, R. N. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.10.2490 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone, alone and in combination, in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity
Baillargeon, J.-P., Jakubowicz, D. J., Iuorno, M. J., Jakubowicz, S., & Nestler, J. E. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.127 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Behavioral masculinization is independent of genital masculinization in prenatally androgenized female rhesus macaques
Goy, R. W. (1988) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0018-506x(88)90058-x · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Recurrent early miscarriage and polycystic ovaries.
Sagle, M., Bishop, K., Ridley, N., Alexander, F. M., Michel, M., Bonney, R., Beard, R., & Franks, S. (1988) · British medical journal · doi:10.1136/bmj.297.6655.1027 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Increased Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome1
Fogel, R. B., Malhotra, A., Pillar, G., Pittman, S. D., Dunaif, A., & White, D. P. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.3.7316 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Restoration of Reproductive Potential by Lifestyle Modification in Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Role of Insulin Sensitivity and Luteinizing Hormone
Huber-Buchholz, M.-M. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.84.4.1470 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Glucose Intolerance in Obese Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Roles of Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Dysfunction and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease1
Arslanian, S. A., Lewy, V. D., & Danadian, K. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.1.7123 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Evidence for Reduced Sensitivity of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Generator to Inhibition by Estradiol and Progesterone1
Pastor, C. L., Griffin-Korf, M. L., Aloi, J. A., Evans, W. S., & Marshall, J. C. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.2.4604 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Chang, R. J., Heindel, J. J., & Dunaif, A. E. (2002) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9780203910948 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
The Molecular Phenotype of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Theca Cells and New Candidate PCOS Genes Defined by Microarray Analysis
Wood, J. R., Nelson-DeGrave, V. L., Ho, C. K. M., Jansen, E., Wang, C. Y., Urbanek, M., McAllister, J. M., Mosselman, S., & Strauss, J. F. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m300688200 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Fetal Programming: Prenatal Testosterone Excess Leads to Fetal Growth Retardation and Postnatal Catch-Up Growth in Sheep
Manikkam, M., Crespi, E. J., Doop, D. D., Herkimer, C., Lee, J. S., Yu, S., Brown, M. B., Foster, D. L., & Padmanabhan, V. (2003) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2003-0478 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
A randomized trial of the effects of two types of short-term hypocaloric diets on weight loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Stamets, K., Taylor, D. S., Kunselman, A., Demers, L. M., Pelkman, C. L., & Legro, R. S. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.08.023 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Anti-Müllerian Hormone: The Jost Factor
Josso, N., Cate, R. L., Picard, J., Vigier, B., di Clemente, N., Wilson, C. A., Imbeaud, S., Pepinsky, R. B., Guerrier, D., Boussin, L., et al. (1993) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-571148-7.50005-1 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Effect of the Insulin Sensitizer Pioglitazone on Insulin Resistance, Hyperandrogenism, and Ovulatory Dysfunction in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Brettenthaler, N., Geyter, C. D., Huber, P., & Keller, U. B. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031737 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Role of the developing rat testis in differentiation of the neural tissues mediating mating behavior.
GRADY, K. L., Phoenix, C. H., & Young, W. C. (1965) · Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0021824 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Nongenomic effects of 17 beta-estradiol on maturing human oocytes: relationship to oocyte developmental potential
Tesařík, J., & Mendoza, C. (1995) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.80.4.7714121 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Sexual behavior in adolescent and adult females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Dittmann, R., Kappes, M. E., & Kappes, M. H. (1992) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/0306-4530(92)90054-b · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Fetal growth, length of gestation, and polycystic ovaries in adult life
Cresswell, J., Barker, D., Osmond, C., Egger, P., Phillips, D., & Fraser, R. (1997) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)06062-5 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Adult erotosexual status and fetal hormonal masculinization and demasculinization: 46,XX congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia and 46,XY androgen-insensitivity syndrome compared
Money, J., Schwartz, M. F., & Lewis, V. G. (1984) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/0306-4530(84)90048-9 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Androgens and Mood Dysfunction in Women: Comparison of Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome to Healthy Controls
Weiner, C. L., Primeau, M., & Ehrmann, D. A. (2004) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000127871.46309.fe · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Insights into the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) from Studies of Prenatally Androgenized Female Rhesus Monkeys
Abbott, D. H., Dumesic, D. A., Eisner, J. R., Colman, R. J., & Kemnitz, J. W. (1998) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s1043-2760(98)00019-8 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Impaired insulin-dependent glucose metabolism in granulosa-lutein cells from anovulatory women with polycystic ovaries
Rice, S., Christoforidis, N., Gadd, C., Nikolaou, D. S., Seyani, L., Donaldson, A., Margara, R. A., Hardy, K., & Franks, S. (2004) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deh609 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Determinants of Abnormal Gonadotropin Secretion in Clinically Defined Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Taylor, A. E. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.82.7.2248 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
The Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Polymorphism and X-Chromosome Inactivation in Australian Caucasian Women with Infertility Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Hickey, T. E., Chandy, A., & Norman, R. J. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.87.1.8137 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Insulin action in human granulosa cells from normal and polycystic ovaries is mediated by the insulin receptor and not the type-I insulin-like growth factor receptor.
Willis, D., & Franks, S. (1995) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.80.12.8530637 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Gonadal hormones and behavior of normal and pseudohermaphroditic nonhuman female primates.
Rw, G., & Resko, J. A. (1972) · PubMed · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Serum Interleukin-18 Concentrations Are Increased in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Relationship to Insulin Resistance and to Obesity
Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Botella-Carretero, J. I., Villuendas, G., Sancho, J., & Millán, J. L. S. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031365 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Assignment of an autosomal sex reversa– locus (SRA1) and campomelic dysplasia (CMPD1) to 17q24.3–q25.1
Tommerup, N., Schempp, W., Meinecke, P., Pedersen, S., Bolund, L., Brandt, C., Goodpasture, C., Guldberg, P., Held, K. R., Reinwein, H., et al. (1993) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0693-170 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
The Effects of Androgens on Fetal Sexual Development
Grumbach, M. M., & DUCHARME, J. R. (1960) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)33722-0 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Androgen Excess Disorders in Women
Azziz, R., Nestler, J. E., & Dewailly, D. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-179-6 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Sexual Differentiation of Pituitary Function: Apparent Difference between Primates and Rodents
Karsch, F. J., Dierschke, D. J., & Knobil, E. (1973) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.179.4072.484 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Ontogeny of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Containing Neurons in Early Fetal Development of Rhesus Macaques*
Rønnekleiv, O. K., & Resko, J. A. (1990) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-126-1-498 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Molecular progress in infertility: polycystic ovary syndrome
Legro, R. S., & Strauss, J. F. (2002) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03275-2 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovarian Morphology with Regular Ovulatory Cycles: Insights into the Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Adams, J. M., Taylor, A. E., Crowley, W. F., & Hall, J. E. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031600 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Pituitary-Ovarian Relationships in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Baird, D. T., CORKER, C. S., DAVIDSON, D. W., HUNTER, W. M., Michie, E. A., & Look, P. F. A. V. (1977) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-45-4-798 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Sexual orientation after prenatal exposure to exogenous estrogen
Ehrhardt, A. Α., Meyer‐Bahlburg, H. F. L., Rosen, L. R., Feldman, J. F., Veridiano, N. P., Zimmerman, I., & McEwen, B. S. (1985) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01541353 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Timing of Prenatal Androgen Excess Determines Differential Impairment in Insulin Secretion and Action in Adult Female Rhesus Monkeys1
Eisner, J. R., Dumesic, D. A., Kemnitz, J. W., & Abbott, D. H. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.3.6453 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Prenatal exposure of female rhesus monkeys to testosterone propionate increases serum luteinizing hormone levels in adulthood
Dumesic, D. A., Abbott, D. H., Eisner, J. R., & Goy, R. W. (1997) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81873-0 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Nature Needs Nurture: The Interaction of Hormonal and Social Influences on the Development of Behavioral Sex Differences in Rhesus Monkeys
Wallen, K. (1996) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1006/hbeh.1996.0042 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Alterations in Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase and Extracellular Regulated Kinase Signaling in Theca Cells Contribute to Excessive Androgen Production in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Nelson-Degrave, V. L., Wickenheisser, J. K., Hendricks, K. L., Asano, T., Fujishiro, M., Legro, R. S., Kimball, S. R., Strauss, J. F., & McAllister, J. M. (2005) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2004-0178 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Association of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Genomic Variants Related to Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Obesity
Millán, J. L. S., Cortón, M., Villuendas, G., Sancho, J., Peral, B., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031252 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine Consequences of Prenatal Androgen Exposure in the Female Rat: Absence of Luteinizing Hormone Surges, Suppression of Progesterone Receptor Gene Expression, and Acceleration of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Generator1
Foecking, E. M., Szabo, M., Schwartz, N. B., & Levine, J. E. (2005) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.105.039800 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Evidence for Association of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Caucasian Women with a Marker at the Insulin Receptor Gene Locus
Tucci, S., Futterweit, W., Concepcion, E., Greenberg, D. A., Villanueva, R., Davies, T. F., & Tomer, Y. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.1.7274 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Adrenal Androgen Excess in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Sensitivity and Responsivity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis1
Azziz, R., Black, V. Y., Hines, G. A., Fox, L. M., & Boots, L. R. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.7.4948 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Factors Affecting the Developmental Competence of Mouse Oocytes Grown In Vitro: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Insulin1
Eppig, J. J., O’Brien, M. J., Pendola, F. L., & Watanabe, S. (1998) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod59.6.1445 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Ovarian hyperandrogenism in adult female rhesus monkeys exposed to prenatal androgen excess
Eisner, J. R., Barnett, M. A., Dumesic, D. A., & Abbott, D. H. (2002) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02947-8 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Premenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Peppard, H. R., Marfori, J., Iuorno, M. J., & Nestler, J. E. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.6.1050 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Phenotype and genotype in polycystic ovary syndrome
Legro, R. S. (2001) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511545191.003 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Prenatal Programming of Reproductive Neuroendocrine Function: Fetal Androgen Exposure Produces Progressive Disruption of Reproductive Cycles in Sheep
Birch, R. A., Padmanabhan, V., Foster, D. L., Unsworth, W. P., & Robinson, J. E. (2003) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2002-220965 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Maturation of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Function in Normal Human Fetuses: Circulating Levels of Gonadotropins, Their Common a-Subunit and Free Testosterone, and Discrepancy between Immunological and Biological Activities of Circulating Follicle-Stimulating Hormone*
Beck‐Peccoz, P., Padmanabhan, V., Baggiani, A., CORTELAZZI, D., Buscaglia, M., MEDRI, G., Marconi, A. M., Pardi, G., & Beitins, I. Z. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-73-3-525 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Diagnostic Criteria in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Legro, R. S. (2003) · Seminars in Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2003-43304 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Increased Adiposity in Female Rhesus Monkeys Exposed to Androgen Excess During Early Gestation
Eisner, J. R., Dumesic, D. A., Kemnitz, J. W., Colman, R. J., & Abbott, D. H. (2003) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2003.42 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
The molecular signature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) theca cells defined by gene expression profiling
Wood, J. R., Ho, C. K. M., Nelson-DeGrave, V. L., McAllister, J. M., & Strauss, J. F. (2004) · Journal of Reproductive Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jri.2004.01.010 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
NEUROENDOCRINE ASPECTS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME
Marshall, J. C., & Eagleson, C. A. (1999) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70071-2 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, testosterone: Comparative effectiveness in masculinizing and defeminizing reproductive systems in male and female rats
Luttge, W. G., & Whalen, R. E. (1970) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0018-506x(70)90020-6 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Influence of Age on the Response to Paranatal Administration of a Low Dose of Androgen
Gorski, R. A. (1968) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-82-5-1001 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Masculinization and Defeminization in Altricial and Precocial Mammals
Wallen, K., & Baum, M. J. (2002) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012532104-4/50071-8 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Long-Term Medical, Surgical, and Psychosexual Outcome
Wisniewski, A. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.8.2664 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Intra-follicular activin availability is altered in prenatally-androgenized lambs
West, C. R., Foster, D. L., Evans, N. P., Robinson, J. E., & Padmanabhan, V. (2001) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0303-7207(01)00632-3 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Experimental intersexuality. The effect of antenatal androgens on sexual development of female rats
Greene, R. R., Burrill, M. W., & Ivy, A. C. (1939) · American Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1002/aja.1000650303 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Psychological stress and increases in urinary norepinephrine metabolites, platelet serotonin, and adrenal androgens in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Løbo, R. A., Granger, L. R., Paul, W. L., Goebelsmann, U., & Mishell, D. R. (1983) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(83)90324-1 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Induction of Reproductive Tract Developmental Abnormalities in the Male Rat by Lowering Androgen Production or Action in Combination with a Low Dose of Diethylstilbestrol: Evidence for Importance of the Androgen-Estrogen Balance
Rivas, A., Fisher, J. S., McKinnell, C., Atanassova, N. N., & Sharpe, R. M. (2002) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2002-220531 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Fetal Programming: Prenatal Androgen Disrupts Positive Feedback Actions of Estradiol but Does Not Affect Timing of Puberty in Female Sheep1
Sharma, T. P., Herkimer, C., West, C. R., Ye, W., Birch, R. A., Robinson, J. E., Foster, D. L., & Padmanabhan, V. (2002) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod66.4.924 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
The treatment of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome by in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a comparison of results with those of patients with tubal infertility
Dor, J., Shulman, A., Levran, D., Ben‐Rafael, Z., RUDAK, E., & Mashiach, S. (1990) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137189 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Infertility Induced in Mice by a Single Injection of Testosterone Propionate.
Barraclough, C. A., & LEATHEM, J. H. (1954) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3181/00379727-85-20989 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Some New Thoughts on the Pathophysiology and Genetics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Strauss, J. F. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1290.005 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Impaired Developmental Competence of Oocytes in Adult Prenatally Androgenized Female Rhesus Monkeys Undergoing Gonadotropin Stimulation for in Vitro Fertilization
Dumesic, D. A., Schramm, R. D., Peterson, E., Paprocki, A. M., Zhou, R., & Abbott, D. H. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.87.3.8287 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Behavioral and physical masculinization are related to genotype in girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Hall, C. M., Jones, J. A., Meyer-Bahlburg, H. F. L., Dolezal, C., Coleman, M., Foster, P., Price, D. A., & Clayton, P. E. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030696 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Polycystic ovaries in hirsute women with normal menses
Carmina, E., & Løbo, R. A. (2001) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(01)00979-2 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Large-Scale Analysis of the Relationship betweenCYP11APromoter Variation, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, and Serum Testosterone
Gaasenbeek, M., Powell, B. L., Sovio, U., Haddad, L., Gharani, N., Bennett, A. J., Groves, C. J., Rush, K., Goh, M. J., Conway, G. S., et al. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031640 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Gestational hyperandrogenism
Wallach, E. E., McClamrock, H. D., & Adashi, E. Y. (1992) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54828-6 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Fertility in Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Stikkelbroeck, N. M. M. L., Hermus, A. R., Braat, D. D. M., & Otten, B. J. (2003) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000062966.93819.5b · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Subcellular and Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Anti-Müllerian Hormone Gene Expression in Mammalian and Nonmammalian Species
Lasala, C., Carre, D. S., Picard, J., & Rey, R. A. (2004) · DNA and Cell Biology · doi:10.1089/dna.2004.23.572 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Clinical, biochemical, and ovarian morphologic features in women with acanthosis nigricans and masculinization.
Dunaif, A. E., Hoffman, A. R., Scully, R. E., Flier, J. S., Longcope, C., Levy, L. J., & Crowley, W. F. (1985) · PubMed · Cited by 94 · see citing works
The effect of polycystic ovary syndrome on health-related quality of life
Coffey, S., & Mason, H. (2003) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590312331290268 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Genetics of Ovarian Disorders: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Franks, S., & McCarthy, M. I. (2004) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1023/b:remd.0000016125.05878.96 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Molecular aspects of sexual differentiation of the rodent brain
McCarthy, M. M. (1994) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/0306-4530(94)90029-9 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Untitled work
(2004) · PubMed · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Sexual Differentiation and Feedback Control of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Rhesus Monkey1
Steiner, R. A., Clifton, D. K., Spies, H. G., & Resko, J. A. (1976) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod15.2.206 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
A higher rate of hyperandrogenic disorders in female-to-male transsexuals
Bosinski, H. A. G., Peter, M., Bonatz, G., Arndt, R., Heidenreich, M., Sippell, W. G., & Wille, R. (1997) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(97)00033-4 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Critical Exposure Time for Androgenization of the Developing Hypothalamus in the Female Rat
Arai, Y., & Gorski, R. A. (1968) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-82-5-1010 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Expression of the nuclear receptor coactivator, cAMP response element-binding protein, is sexually dimorphic and modulates sexual differentiation of neonatal rat brain
Auger, A. P., Perrot-Sinal, T. S., Auger, C. J., Ekas, L. A., Tetel, M. J., & McCarthy, M. M. (2002) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.143.8.3009 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Morphology and distribution of electrophysiologically defined classes of pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons in rat ventral subiculum in vitro
Greene, J. R. T., & Totterdell, S. (1997) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19970414)380:3 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Allelic Variants of the Follistatin Gene in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome1
Urbanek, M., Wu, X., Vickery, K. R., Kao, L.-C., Christenson, L. K., Schneyer, A. L., Legro, R. S., Driscoll, D. A., Strauss, J. F., Dunaif, A. E., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.12.7026 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
THE »EARLY-ANDROGEN« SYNDROME; DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSE TO PRE-NATAL AND POST-NATAL ADMINISTRATION OF VARIOUS DOSES OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE IN FEMALE AND MALE RATS
Swanson, H. E., & ten Bosch, J. J. V. D. W. (1964) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.0470037 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Neonatal administration of androstenedione, testosterone or testosterone propionate: Effects on ovulation, sexual receptivity and aggressive behavior in female mice
Edwards, D. A. (1971) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/0031-9384(71)90030-8 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Prevalence of polycystic ovaries and polycystic ovary syndrome in lesbian women compared with heterosexual women
Agrawal, R., Sharma, S., Bekir, J. S., Conway, G. S., Bailey, J., Balen, A. H., & Prelević, G. M. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.04.041 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
OVULATION IN PRENATALLY ANDROGENIZED EWES
Clarke, I. J., SCARAMUZZI, R. J., & Short, R. V. (1977) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.0730385 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Characterization of mutant androgen receptors causing partial androgen insensitivity syndrome
Bellis, A. D., Quigley, C. A., Marschke, K. B., Awady, M. K. E., Lane, M. V., Smith, E. P., Sar, M., Wilson, E. M., & French, F. S. (1994) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.78.3.8126121 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Effects of testosterone implants in pregnant ewes on their female offspring
Clarke, I. J., SCARAMUZZI, R. J., & Short, R. V. (1976) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.36.1.87 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF NEONATAL ADMINISTRATION OF TESTOSTERONE AND DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE IN THE FEMALE RAT
McDONALD, P. G., & Doughty, C. (1972) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0300055 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Adrenal Androgen Excess in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Sensitivity and Responsivity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
Azziz, R. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.83.7.2317 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Adrenocortical hyperresponsiveness to corticotropin in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with adrenal androgen excess
Morán, C., Reyna, R., BOOTS, L., & Azziz, R. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.07.008 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
THE »EARLY-ANDROGEN« SYNDROME; ITS DEVELOPMENT AND THE RESPONSE TO HEMI-SPAYING
Swanson, H. E., & ten Bosch, J. J. V. D. W. (1964) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.0450001 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Prevalence and Predictors of Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Legro, R. S., Kunselman, A. R., Dodson, W. C., & Dunaif, A. E. (1999) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/00006254-199906000-00019 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Early origins of polycystic ovary syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., Schramm, R. D., & Abbott, D. H. (2005) · Reproduction Fertility and Development · doi:10.1071/rd04092 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The prognostic value of basal luteinizing hormone:follicle-stimulating hormone ratio in the treatment of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome by assisted reproduction techniques
Tarlatzis, B. C., Grimbizis, G. F., Pournaropoulos, F., Bontis, J. N., Lagos, S., Spanos, E., & MANTALENAKIS, S. J. (1995) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a135742 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Follicular fluid estradiol and progesterone are markers of preovulatory oocyte quality
Kreiner, D. K., Liu, H.-C., Itskovitz, J., Veeck, L. L., & Rosenwaks, Z. (1987) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59597-1 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Allelic Variants of the Follistatin Gene in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Urbanek, M. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.12.4455 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Protection Against the Neural Organizing Effect of Exogenous Androgen in the Neonatal Female Rat
Arai, Y., & Gorski, R. A. (1968) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-82-5-1005 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
17 -Estradiol and progesterone improve in-vitro cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes from unstimulated prepubertal and adult rhesus monkeys
Zheng, P. (2003) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deg410 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Neonatal androgen and adult sexual behavior in the golden hamster
Carter, C. S., Clemens, L. G., & Hoekema, D. J. (1972) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/0031-9384(72)90271-5 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
CYCLIC OVARIAN FUNCTION IN A MALE MACAQUE: ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE FOR A LACK OF SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION IN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THAT REGULATE THE CYCLIC RELEASE OF GONADOTROPINS IN PRIMATES
NORMAN, R. L., & Spies, H. G. (1986) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-118-6-2608 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The Pubescent Rhesus Monkey: Some Characteristics of the Menstrual Cycle
Resko, J. A., Goy, R. W., Robinson, J. A., & Norman, R. L. (1982) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod27.2.354 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Initiation of Precocious Sexual Maturation in the Immature Rat Treated with Dehydroepiandrosterone1
Knudsen, J. F., & Mahesh, V. B. (1975) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-97-2-458 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE BRAIN: ENDOCRINE AND BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSES OF ANDROGENIZED EWES TO OESTROGEN
Clarke, I. J., SCARAMUZZI, R. J., & Short, R. V. (1976) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.0710175 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Prenatal Dihydrotestosterone Differentially Masculinizes Tonic and Surge Modes of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Sheep*
Masek, K. S., Wood, R. I., & Foster, D. L. (1999) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.140.8.6913 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Association between the D19S884 marker at the insulin receptor gene locus and polycystic ovary syndrome
Villuendas, G., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Tosi, F., Sancho, J., Moghetti, P., & Millán, J. L. S. (2003) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04570-3 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Neonatal Coadministration of Testosterone With Diethylstilbestrol Prevents Diethylstilbestrol Induction of Most Reproductive Tract Abnormalities in Male Rats
Rivas, A., McKinnell, C., Fisher, J. S., Atanassova, N. N., Williams, K., & Sharpe, R. M. (2003) · Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1002/j.1939-4640.2003.tb02707.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
A quantitative and cytological study of oogenesis in the rhesus monkey.
Baker, T. G. (1966) · PubMed · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The sexual behaviour of prenatally androgenized ewes observed in the field
Clarke, I. J. (1977) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0490311 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Perinatal Administration of Dihydrotestosterone to Female Rats and the Development of Reproductive Function
Whalen, R. E., & Luttge, W. G. (1971) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-89-5-1320 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Expression of male-typical behavior in adult female pseudohermaphroditic rhesus: Comparisons with normal males and neonatally gonadectomized males and females
Pomerantz, S. M., Goy, R. W., & Roy, M. M. (1986) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0018-506x(86)90010-3 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Expression of Adult Female Patterns of Sexual Behavior by Male, Female, and Pseudohermaphroditic Female Rhesus Monkeys1
Pomerantz, S. M., Roy, M. M., Thornton, J. E., & Goy, R. W. (1985) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod33.4.878 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Sexual differentiation of the neuroendocrine control of gonadotrophin secretion: concepts derived from sheep models.
Dl, F., Padmanabhan, V., Ri, W., & Robinson, J. E. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Female-typical sexual behavior of rhesus and defeminization by androgens given prenatally
Thornton, J., & Goy, R. W. (1986) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0018-506x(86)90012-7 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
NEW IDEAS FOR MEDICAL TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA
Merke, D. P., & Cutler, G. B. (2001) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(08)70022-7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Changes in pituitary secretion during the early postnatal period and anovulatory syndrome induced by neonatal oestrogen or androgen in rats
Pinilla, L., Trimiño, E., Garnelo, P., Bellido, C., Aguilar, R., Gaytán, F., & Aguilar, E. (1993) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0970013 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Androgen Formation from Pregnenolone Sulfate by the Human Fetal Ovary
Payne, A. H., & Jaffe, R. B. (1974) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-39-2-300 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Reduced Intrafollicular Androstenedione and Estradiol Levels in Early-Treated Prenatally Androgenized Female Rhesus Monkeys Receiving Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Therapy for In Vitro Fertilization
Dumesic, D. A. (2003) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.015164 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Obese Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Evidence that Metformin Does Not Restore Sensitivity of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Generator to Inhibition by Ovarian Steroids
Eagleson, C. A., Bellows, A. B., Hu, K., Gingrich, M. B., & Marshall, J. C. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030167 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Treatment of Pregnant Rhesus Macaques With Testosterone Propionate: Observations on Its Fate in The Fetus1
Resko, J. A., Buhl, A. E., & Phoenix, C. H. (1987) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod37.5.1185 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Prenatal Testosterone Differentially Masculinizes Tonic and Surge Modes of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Developing Sheep
Wood, R. I., Mehta, V., Herbosa, C. G., & Foster, D. L. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000127010 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Prenatal testosterone propionate and postnatal ovarian activity in the rat
Slob, A. K., Hamer, R., Woutersen, P. J. A., & ten Bosch, J. J. V. D. W. (1983) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.1030420 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Estrogen and Androgen Productionin Vitrofrom 7-3H-Progesterone by Normal and Polycystic Rat Ovaries1
Weisz, J., & Lloyd, C. W. (1965) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-77-4-735 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The effects of diethylstilbestrol (DES) before birth on the development of masculine behavior in juvenile female rhesus monkeys.
Goy, R. W., & Deputte, B. L. (1996) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1006/hbeh.1996.0043 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Human granulosa cells are a site of sulphatase activity and are able to utilize dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate as a precursor for oestradiol production
Bonser, J., Walker, J., Purohit, A., Reed, M., Potter, B. V. L., Willis, D., Franks, S., & Mason, H. D. (2000) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1670465 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The Effects of Neonatal Exposure to Testosterone on the Development of Behaviour in Female Marmoset Monkeys
Abbott, D. H., & Hearn, J. P. (1979) · Novartis Foundation symposium · doi:10.1002/9780470720448.ch14 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
THE 'EARLY ANDROGEN SYNDROME' IN THE GUINEA-PIG
Brown-Grant, K., & SHERWOOD, M. R. (1971) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.0490277 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
A Non-hypophyseal Sex Difference in Estrous Behaviour of Mice Bearing Pituitary Grafts.
Martinez, C., & Bittner, J. J. (1956) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3181/00379727-91-22308 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
A comment on the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine consensus of the polycystic ovarian syndrome
Geisthövel, F. (2003) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/s1472-6483(10)62081-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Fetal Programming: Testosterone Exposure of the Female Sheep During Midgestation Disrupts the Dynamics of Its Adult Gonadotropin Secretion During the Periovulatory Period1
Savabieasfahani, M., Lee, J. S., Herkimer, C., Sharma, T. P., Foster, D. L., & Padmanabhan, V. (2004) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.104.031070 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Elevated concentrations of the β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin and testosterone in the amniotic fluid of gestations of diabetic mothers
Barbieri, R. L., Saltzman, D. H., Torday, J. S., Randall, R. W., Frigoletto, F. D., & Ryan, K. J. (1986) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(86)90746-5 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Failure of the Hypothalamic Noradrenergic System to Function in Adult Androgen-Sterilized Rats
Lookingland, K. J., Wise, P. M., & Barraclough, C. A. (1982) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod27.2.268 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Effect of prenatal administration of testosterone on ovarian function in rats
Fels, E., & Lr, B. (1971) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(71)90954-9 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Administration of Metformin to a Diabetic Woman with Extreme Hyperandrogenemia of Nontumoral Origin: Management of Infertility and Prevention of Inadvertent Masculinization of a Female Fetus
Sarlis, N. J., Weil, S. J., & Nelson, L. M. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.5.5673 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Sexual behaviour and LH secretion in spayed androgenized ewes after a single injection of testosterone or oestradiol-17β
Clarke, I. J., & SCARAMUZZI, R. J. (1978) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0520313 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Androgen Sterilization in the Neonatal Female Rat and its Inhibition by an Estrogen Antagonist
McDonald, P. G., & Doughty, C. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000122236 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
THE »EARLY-ANDROGEN« SYNDROME; EFFECTS OF PRE-NATAL TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE
Swanson, H. E., & ten Bosch, J. J. V. D. W. (1965) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.0500379 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Gender Role Across Development in Adult Women with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Long, D. N., Wisniewski, A. B., & Migeon, C. J. (2004) · Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1515/jpem.2004.17.10.1367 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Prenatally injected testosterone propionate and sexual behavior of female rats
Huffman, L., & Hendricks, S. E. (1981) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/0031-9384(81)90097-4 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The polycystic ovary syndrome: Psychosexual correlates
Gorzynski, G., & Katz, J. L. (1977) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01541129 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Nonhuman Primates Contribute Unique Understanding to Anovulatory Infertility in Women
Abbott, D. H., Foong, S., Bernett, D. K., & Dumesic, D. A. (2004) · ILAR Journal · doi:10.1093/ilar.45.2.116 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Systematic Studies Invalidate the Neonatally Androgenized Rat as a Model for Polycystic Ovary Disease1
Jones, H. M., Vernon, M. W., & Rush, M. E. (1987) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod36.5.1253 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Estradiol Synthesis by Fetal Monkey Ovaries Correlates with Antral Follicle Formation 1
Ellinwood, W. E., McClellan, M. C., Brenner, R., & Resko, J. A. (1983) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod28.2.505 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Influences of Pre- and Postnatal Testosterone Treatment on Defeminization of Sexual Receptivity in Pigs1
Ford, J. J., & Christenson, R. K. (1987) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod36.3.581 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Diagnostic Criteria
Chang, R. J. (2002) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9780203910948-28 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Hormonal Manipulation of the Prenatal Environment Alters Reproductive Morphology and Increases Longevity in Autoimmune NZB/W Mice1
Keisler, L. W., Saal, F. S. V., Keisler, D. H., & Walker, S. E. (1991) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod44.4.707 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
ACCELERATED GROWTH WITH SEXUAL PRECOCITY IN FEMALE MONKEYS RECEIVING TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE1
WAGENEN, G. V. (1949) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-45-5-544 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

4 of the 231 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Bourguignon, J.-P., Giudice, L. C., Hauser, R., Prins, G. S., Soto, A. M., Zoeller, R. T., & Gore, A. C. (2009) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2009-0002 · Cited by 4,585 · see citing works
Insulin Resistance and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Revisited: An Update on Mechanisms and Implications
Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., & Dunaif, A. (2012) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2011-1034 · Cited by 1,947 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Azziz, R., Carmina, E., Chen, Z., Dunaif, A., Laven, J. S. E., Legro, R. S., Lizneva, D., Natterson-Horowtiz, B., Teede, H. J., & Yildiz, B. O. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.57 · Cited by 2,005 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis
Goodarzi, M. O., Dumesic, D. A., Chazenbalk, G., & Azziz, R. (2011) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2010.217 · Cited by 1,488 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Norman, R. J., Dewailly, D., Legro, R. S., & Hickey, T. E. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61345-2 · Cited by 1,360 · see citing works
Scientific Statement on the Diagnostic Criteria, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Molecular Genetics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., Oberfield, S. E., Stener-Victorin, E., Marshall, J. C., Laven, J. S., & Legro, R. S. (2015) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2015-1018 · Cited by 1,020 · see citing works
Self-citation
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Franks, S. (1997) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.77.1.89 · Cited by 802 · see citing works
Minireview: Kisspeptin/Neurokinin B/Dynorphin (KNDy) Cells of the Arcuate Nucleus: A Central Node in the Control of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion
Lehman, M. N., Coolen, L. M., & Goodman, R. L. (2010) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-0022 · Cited by 768 · see citing works
The polycystic ovary syndrome: a position statement from the European Society of Endocrinology
Conway, G., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Franks, S., Gambineri, A., Kelestimur, F., Macut, D., Micic, D., Pasquali, R., et al. (2014) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-14-0253 · Cited by 676 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment With Emphasis on Adolescent Girls
Witchel, S. F., Oberfield, S. E., & Peña, A. S. (2019) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/js.2019-00078 · Cited by 653 · see citing works
Genetic, hormonal and metabolic aspects of PCOS: an update
De Leo, V., Musacchio, M. C., Cappelli, V., Massaro, M. G., Morgante, G., & Petraglia, F. (2016) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/s12958-016-0173-x · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathogenic role of androgen excess and potential therapeutic strategies
Sanchez-Garrido, M. A., & Tena-Sempere, M. (2020) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.001 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Female reproductive disorders: the roles of endocrine-disrupting compounds and developmental timing
Crain, D. A., Janssen, S. J., Edwards, T. M., Heindel, J., Ho, S.-M., Hunt, P., Iguchi, T., Juul, A., McLachlan, J. A., Schwartz, J., et al. (2008) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.08.067 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
The role of steroids in follicular growth
Drummond, A. E. (2006) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/1477-7827-4-16 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Animal Models to Understand the Etiology and Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Stener‐Victorin, E., Padmanabhan, V., Walters, K. A., Campbell, R. E., Benrick, A., Giacobini, P., Dumesic, D. A., & Abbott, D. H. (2020) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaa010 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
A brief insight into the etiology, genetics, and immunology of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
Siddiqui, S., Mateen, S., Ahmad, R., & Moin, S. (2022) · Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10815-022-02625-7 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Characterization of Reproductive, Metabolic, and Endocrine Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Female Hyperandrogenic Mouse Models
Caldwell, A. S. L., Middleton, L. J., Jimenez, M., Desai, R., McMahon, A. C., Allan, C. M., Handelsman, D. J., & Walters, K. A. (2014) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2014-1196 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Environmental Factors and Puberty Timing: Expert Panel Research Needs
Louis, G. M. B., Gray, L. E., Marcus, M., Ojeda, S. R., Pescovitz, O. H., Witchel, S. F., Sippell, W. G., Abbott, D. H., Soto, A. M., Tyl, R. W., et al. (2008) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.1813e · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Rodent Models for Human Polycystic Ovary Syndrome1
Walters, K. A., Allan, C. M., & Handelsman, D. J. (2012) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.111.097808 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Epigenetic transgenerational actions of endocrine disruptors
Skinner, M. K., Manikkam, M., & Guerrero‐Bosagna, C. (2010) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.10.012 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Deconstructing a Syndrome: Genomic Insights Into PCOS Causal Mechanisms and Classification
Dapas, M., & Dunaif, A. (2022) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnac001 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Identifying Children at Risk for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Rosenfield, R. L. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-2012 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Fetal Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Androgen Excess: Evidence from Experimental, Clinical, and Genetic Association Studies
Xita, N. V., & Tsatsoulis, A. A. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-2757 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome and its developmental origins
Dumesic, D. A., Abbott, D. H., & Padmanabhan, V. (2007) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-007-9046-0 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Association of metabolic and inflammatory markers with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): an update
Gnanadass, S. A., Prabhu, Y. D., & Gopalakrishnan, A. V. (2021) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-020-05951-2 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Insulin and the polycystic ovary syndrome
Μacut, D., Bjekić-Macut, J., Rahelić, D., & Doknić, M. (2017) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.06.011 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Maternal bisphenol-A levels at delivery: a looming problem?
Padmanabhan, V., Siefert, K., Ransom, S. B., Johnson, T. D., Pinkerton, J., Anderson, L., Tao, L., & Kannan, K. (2008) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211913 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
The ageing ovary and uterus: new biological insights
Nelson, S. M., Telfer, E. E., & Anderson, R. A. (2012) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dms043 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Anogenital distance as a marker of androgen exposure in humans
Thankamony, A., Pasterski, V., Ong, K. K., Acerini, C. L., & Hughes, I. A. (2016) · Andrology · doi:10.1111/andr.12156 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
The origins and sequelae of abnormal neuroendocrine function in polycystic ovary syndrome
Blank, S. K., McCartney, C. R., & Marshall, J. C. (2006) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dml017 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Physiological Aspects of Female Fertility: Role of the Environment, Modern Lifestyle, and Genetics
Hart, R. J. (2016) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00023.2015 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Placental steroidogenesis in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Maliqueo, M. A., Lara, H. E., Sánchez, F., Echiburú, B., Crisosto, N., & Sir‐Petermann, T. (2012) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.10.015 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Treatment with Flutamide, Metformin, and Their Combination Added to a Hypocaloric Diet in Overweight-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, 12-Month, Placebo-Controlled Study
Gambineri, A., Patton, L., Vaccina, A., Cacciari, M., Morselli-Labate, A. M., Cavazza, C., Pagotto, U., & Pasquali, R. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-2250 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
The use of metformin for women with PCOS undergoing IVF treatment
Tang, T. H., Glanville, J., Orsi, N. M., Barth, J. H., & Balen, A. H. (2006) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/del025 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Maternal testosterone levels during pregnancy are associated with offspring size at birth
Carlsen, S. M., Jacobsen, G. W., & Romundstad, P. (2006) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.1.02200 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Ovarian Follicular Theca Cell Recruitment, Differentiation, and Impact on Fertility: 2017 Update
Richards, J. S., Ren, Y. A., Candelaria, N. R., Adams, J. E., & Rajkovic, A. (2017) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2017-00164 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Sex- and Gender-Based Pharmacological Response to Drugs
Mauvais‐Jarvis, F., Berthold, H. K., Campesi, I., Carrero, J. J., Dhakal, S., Franconi, F., Gouni‐Berthold, I., Heiman, M. L., Kautzky‐Willer, A., Klein, S. L., et al. (2021) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pharmrev.120.000206 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome and environmental toxins
Rutkowska, A. Z., & Diamanti‐Kandarakis, E. (2016) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.031 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Nandi, A. A., Chen, Z., Patel, R., & Poretsky, L. (2014) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2013.10.003 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
The genetics of the polycystic ovary syndrome
Urbanek, M. (2007) · Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology &#38 Metabolism · doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0400 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovarian syndrome and role of CYP gene variants: a review
Ashraf, S., Nabi, M., Rasool, S. U. A., Rashid, F., & Amin, S. (2019) · Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics · doi:10.1186/s43042-019-0031-4 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Fetal, infant, adolescent and adult phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome in prenatally androgenized female rhesus monkeys
Abbott, D. H., Tarantal, A. F., & Dumesic, D. A. (2009) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.20679 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Self-citation
Environmental and developmental origins of ovarian reserve
Richardson, M. C., Guo, M., Fauser, B. C. J. M., & Macklon, N. (2013) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmt057 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Differential Gene Expression Profile in Omental Adipose Tissue in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Cortón, M., Botella-Carretero, J. I., Benguría, A., Villuendas, G., Zaballos, Á., Millán, J. L. S., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., & Peral, B. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1665 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome
Burt Solorzano, C. M., Beller, J. P., Abshire, M. Y., Collins, J. S., McCartney, C. R., & Marshall, J. C. (2012) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2011.12.007 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Role of androgens in normal and pathological ovarian function
Walters, K. A. (2014) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-14-0517 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Prenatal androgen exposure programs metabolic dysfunction in female mice
Roland, A. V., Nunemaker, C. S., Keller, S. R., & Moenter, S. M. (2010) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe-10-0217 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs)
Palioura, E., & Diamanti-Kandarakis, E. (2015) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-016-9326-7 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Genetics of the polycystic ovary syndrome
Kosova, G., & Urbanek, M. (2013) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2012.10.009 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Obesity, fat distribution and infertility
Pasquali, R. (2006) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2006.04.018 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Estradiol Negative and Positive Feedback in a Prenatal Androgen-Induced Mouse Model of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Moore, A. M., Prescott, M., & Campbell, R. E. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1954 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Endocrine Traits of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Prenatally Androgenized Female Sprague-Dawley Rats
Wu, X., Li, Z., Cheng-yong, W., Liu, Y., Lin, H., Wang, S., & Xiao, W. (2010) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.k09e-205 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Witchel, S. F., & Azziz, R. (2011) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2010.10.001 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Fundamental Concepts and Novel Aspects of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Expert Consensus Resolutions
Aversa, A., Vignera, S. L., Rago, R., Gambineri, A., Nappi, R. E., Calogero, A. E., & Ferlin, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00516 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Effects of androgens on insulin action in women: is androgen excess a component of female metabolic syndrome?
Corbould, A. (2008) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.872 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
The Relationship between Maternal and Umbilical Cord Androgen Levels and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence: A Prospective Cohort Study
Hickey, M., Sloboda, D. M., Atkinson, H. C., Doherty, D. A., Franks, S., Norman, R. J., Newnham, J. P., & Hart, R. J. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0544 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Transient prenatal androgen exposure produces metabolic syndrome in adult female rats
Demissie, M., Lazić, M., Foecking, E. M., Aird, F., Dunaif, A. E., & Levine, J. E. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90208.2008 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Determinants of Maternal Sex Steroids During the First Half of Pregnancy
Toriola, A. T., Vääräsmäki, M., Lehtinen, M., Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte, A., Lundin, E., Rodgers, K.-G., Lakso, H., Chen, T., Schöck, H., Hallmans, G., et al. (2011) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0b013e3182342b7f · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Assisted reproductive technology outcomes in female-to-male transgender patients compared with cisgender patients: a new frontier in reproductive medicine
Leung, A. Q., Sakkas, D., Pang, S. C., Thornton, K. L., & Resetkova, N. (2019) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.014 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
The Role of Androgen Hormones in Early Follicular Development
Gervásio, C. G., Bernuci, M. P., de Sá, M. F. S., & Silva, A. C. J. D. S. R. E. (2014) · ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1155/2014/818010 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Androgen actions in the ovary: balance is key
Prizant, H., Gleicher, N., & Sen, A. (2014) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-14-0296 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Epigenetic and Transcriptional Alterations in Human Adipose Tissue of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Kokosar, M., Benrick, A., Perfilyev, A., Fornes, R., Nilsson, E., Maliqueo, M., Behre, C. J., Sazonova, A., Ohlsson, C., Ling, C., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep22883 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Insulin Resistance in PCOS
Diamanti‐Kandarakis, E. (2006) · Endocrine · doi:10.1385/endo:30:1:13 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Homburg, R. (2007) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.07.009 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Is foetal hyperexposure to androgens a cause of PCOS?
Filippou, P., & Homburg, R. (2017) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmx013 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Effects of lifestyle modification in polycystic ovarian syndrome
Moran, L., Brinkworth, G. D., Noakes, M., & Norman, R. J. (2006) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61182-0 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome: a focused review of rodent models in relationship to clinical phenotypes and cardiometabolic risk
Shi, D., & Vine, D. F. (2012) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Androgen circle of polycystic ovary syndrome
Homburg, R. (2009) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dep049 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Physiological and Pathological Androgen Actions in the Ovary
Astapova, O., Minor, B. M. N., & Hammes, S. R. (2019) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2019-00101 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Animal models of the polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype
Padmanabhan, V., & Veiga‐Lopez, A. (2013) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2013.05.004 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Hyperandrogenic origins of polycystic ovary syndrome-Implications for Pathophysiology and Therapy
Abbott, D. H., Dumesic, D. A., & Levine, J. E. (2019) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1080/17446651.2019.1576522 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Epigenetic Mechanism Underlying the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-Like Phenotypes in Prenatally Androgenized Rhesus Monkeys
Xu, N., Kwon, S., Abbott, D. H., Geller, D. H., Dumesic, D. A., Azziz, R., Guo, X., & Goodarzi, M. O. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027286 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
The Role of TGF-β in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Raja-Khan, N. T., Urbanek, M., Rodgers, R. J., & Legro, R. S. (2013) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1177/1933719113485294 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome and impact on health
Allahbadia, G. N., & Merchant, R. (2010) · Middle East Fertility Society Journal · doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2010.10.002 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Exposure to phthalates and female reproductive health: A literature review
Basso, C. G., de Araújo-Ramos, A. T., & Martino‐Andrade, A. J. (2022) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.02.006 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Fetal Programming: Prenatal Testosterone Treatment Leads to Follicular Persistence/Luteal Defects; Partial Restoration of Ovarian Function by Cyclic Progesterone Treatment
Manikkam, M., Steckler, T. L., Welch, K. B., Inskeep, E. K., & Padmanabhan, V. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2005-1338 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Epigenetics in polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study of global DNA methylation
Xu, N., Azziz, R., & Goodarzi, M. O. (2009) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.10.020 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Early-Life Exposure to Testosterone Programs the Hypothalamic Melanocortin System
Nohara, K., Zhang, Y., Waraich, R. S., Laque, A., Tiano, J. P., Tong, J., Münzberg, H., & Mauvais-Jarvis, F. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-1288 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Ontogeny of the ovary in polycystic ovary syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., & Richards, J. S. (2013) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.02.011 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Umbilical vein testosterone in female infants born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome is elevated to male levels
Barry, J. A., Kay, A., Navaratnarajah, R., Iqbal, S., Bamfo, J. E. A. K., David, A. L., Hines, M., & Hardiman, P. J. (2010) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.3109/01443615.2010.485254 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Maternal androgen excess reduces placental and fetal weights, increases placental steroidogenesis, and leads to long-term health effects in their female offspring
Sun, M., Maliqueo, M. A., Benrick, A., Johansson, J., Shao, R., Hou, L., Jansson, T., Wu, X., & Stener‐Victorin, E. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00421.2012 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Infants of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Have Lower Cord Blood Androstenedione and Estradiol Levels
Anderson, H., Fogel, N. R., Grebe, S. K. G., Singh, R. J., Taylor, R. L., & Dunaif, A. E. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2651 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
High prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women born small for gestational age
de Melo, A. S., Vieira, C. S., Barbieri, M. A., Rosa-e-Silva, A. C. J. S., da Sílva, A. A. M., Cardoso, V. C., dos Reis, R. M., Ferriani, R. A., Silva-de-Sa, M. F., & Bettiol, H. (2010) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deq162 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Stage-Specific Expression of Androgen Receptor, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor, and Anti-Mullerian Hormone Type II Receptor in Single, Isolated, Human Preantral Follicles: Relevance to Polycystic Ovaries
Rice, S., Ojha, K., Whitehead, S. A., & Mason, H. D. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1697 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Contributions of androgen and estrogen to fetal programming of ovarian dysfunction
Abbott, D. H., Padmanabhan, V., & Dumesic, D. A. (2006) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/1477-7827-4-17 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Anogenital distance is related to ovarian follicular number in young Spanish women: a cross-sectional study
Mendiola, J., Roca, M., Mínguez-Alarcón, L., Mira-Escolano, M.-P., López-Espín, J. J., Barrett, E. S., Swan, S. H., & Torres-Cantero, A. M. (2012) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/1476-069x-11-90 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The Role of the Brain in the Pathogenesis and Physiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Coutinho, E. A., & Kauffman, A. S. (2019) · Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/medsci7080084 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Low-dose flutamide-metformin therapy for hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism in non-obese adolescents and women
Ibáñez, L., & de Zegher, F. (2006) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi054 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Molecular Mechanisms of Sex Determination in Reptiles
Rhen, T., & Schroeder, A. (2010) · Sexual Development · doi:10.1159/000282495 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome
Vázquez-Martínez, E. R., Gómez-Viais, Y. I., García-Gómez, E., Reyes-Mayoral, C., Reyes-Muñoz, E., Camacho‐Arroyo, I., & Cerbón, M. A. (2019) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-18-0449 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Nonhuman primate models of polycystic ovary syndrome
Abbott, D. H., Nicol, L. E., Levine, J. E., Xu, N., Goodarzi, M. O., & Dumesic, D. A. (2013) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2013.01.013 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Evidence that obesity and androgens have independent and opposing effects on gonadotropin production from puberty to maturity
Rosenfield, R. L., & Bordini, B. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.08.088 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The role of polymorphism in various potential genes on polycystic ovary syndrome susceptibility and pathogenesis
Chaudhary, H., Patel, J. K., Jain, N. K., & Joshi, R. G. (2021) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-021-00879-w · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Endocrine Antecedents of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Fetal and Infant Prenatally Androgenized Female Rhesus Monkeys1
Abbott, D. H., Barnett, D. K., Levine, J. E., Padmanabhan, V., Dumesic, D. A., Jacoris, S., & Tarantal, A. F. (2008) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.108.067702 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of polycystic ovary syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., Hoyos, L. R., Chazenbalk, G. D., Naik, R., Padmanabhan, V., & Abbott, D. H. (2020) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-19-0197 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citation
NonClassic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Witchel, S. F., & Azziz, R. (2010) · International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2010/625105 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Environmental epigenetics in zebrafish
Cavalieri, V., & Spinelli, G. (2017) · Epigenetics & Chromatin · doi:10.1186/s13072-017-0154-0 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Ontogeny and reversal of brain circuit abnormalities in a preclinical model of PCOS
Silva, M. S. B., Prescott, M., & Campbell, R. E. (2018) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.99405 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Acupuncture in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Current Experimental and Clinical Evidence
Stener‐Victorin, E., Jedel, E., & Mannerås, L. (2007) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2007.01634.x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome: multifactorial assessment from the foetal stage to menopause
de Melo, A. S., Dias, S. V., Cavalli, R. D. C., Cardoso, V. C., Bettiol, H., Barbieri, M. A., Ferriani, R. A., & Vieira, C. S. (2015) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-14-0499 · Cited by 99 · see citing works

Fetal Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Androgen Excess: Evidence from Experimental, Clinical, and Genetic Association Studies
Xita, N. V., & Tsatsoulis, A. A. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-2757 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Developmental Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Role of Prenatal Androgen Excess
Tsatsoulis, A. A. (2009) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-250-6_5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Review: Fetal Programming of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Androgen Excess — Evidence from Experimental, Clinical and Genetic Association Studies
Xita, N. V., & Tsatsoulis, A. A. (2014) · Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.5005/jsafog-6-2-129 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Early origins of polycystic ovary syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., Schramm, R. D., & Abbott, D. H. (2005) · Reproduction Fertility and Development · doi:10.1071/rd04092 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Excessive Androgen Exposure as an Etiological Factor of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Baba, T., Endo, T., Adachi, S., Ikeda, K., Shimizu, A., 森下, 美., Kuno, Y., Honnma, H., Kiya, T., & Saito, T. (2014) · Journal of Mammalian Ova Research · doi:10.1274/jmor.31.23 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Authors: Abbott, D. H., Barnett, D. K., Bruns, C. M., & Dumesic, D. A.
Corresponding author: Abbott, D.H.
ORCID: Abbott, D.H.
Dumesic, D.A.
Venue: Human Reproduction Update
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2005-07-01
Volume: 11
Issue: 4
Pages: 357-374
ISSN: 1355-4786 (ISSN-L)
1460-2369
DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmi013
OpenAlex: W2123009569
Cited by: 555
References: 231
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 4.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Human Reproduction Update (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5u01hd044650-05)
National Institute on Aging (T32AG000268)
National Center for Research Resources (R01RR013635, R21RR014093, P51RR000167)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD044405, U01-HD044650)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenism, fetal programming, developmental origins of health and disease, rhesus monkeys, prenatal androgen exposure, ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia
MeSH terms: Androgens, Animals, Female, Genitalia, Female, Humans, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Hyperandrogenism

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Androgen excess fetal programming of female reproduction: a developmental aetiology for polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks