Cited by 165Treatment of Major DepressionNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchTryptophan and brain disorders

Glutamatergic Neurotransmission: Pathway to Developing Novel Rapid-Acting Antidepressant Treatments

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Kadriu, Bashkim, Musazzi, Laura, Henter, Ioline D, Graves, Morgan, Popoli, Maurizio, Zarate, Carlos A·2019·International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract

The underlying neurobiological basis of major depressive disorder remains elusive due to the severity, complexity, and heterogeneity of the disorder. While the traditional monoaminergic hypothesis has largely fallen short in its ability to provide a complete picture of major depressive disorder, emerging preclinical and clinical findings suggest that dysfunctional glutamatergic neurotransmission may underlie the pathophysiology of both major depressive disorder and bipolar depression. In particular, recent studies showing that a single intravenous infusion of the glutamatergic modulator ketamine elicits fast-acting, robust, and relatively sustained antidepressant, antisuicidal, and antianhedonic effects in individuals with treatment-resistant depression have prompted tremendous interest in understanding the mechanisms responsible for ketamine's clinical efficacy. These results, coupled with new evidence of the mechanistic processes underlying ketamine's effects, have led to inventive ways of investigating, repurposing, and expanding research into novel glutamate-based therapeutic targets with superior antidepressant effects but devoid of dissociative side effects. Ketamine's targets include noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor inhibition, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid throughput potentiation coupled with downstream signaling changes, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor targets localized on gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic interneurons. Here, we review ketamine and other potentially novel glutamate-based treatments for treatment-resistant depression, including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists, glycine binding site ligands, metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators, and other glutamatergic modulators. Both the putative mechanisms of action of these agents and clinically relevant studies are described.

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Crossref · 10.1093/ijnp/pyy094

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186 of 186 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Broadly, these agents demonstrated no significant antidepressant efficacy and an adverse events profile that led to early terminations of some clinical trials in MDD, TRD, and Parkinson's disease.

    “Broadly, these agents demonstrated no significant antidepressant efficacy and an adverse events profile that led to the early terminations of some clinical trials in indications such as MDD, TRD, and Parkinson's disease [169,170]”

    From Ketamine in neuropsychiatric disorders: an update (2024) · cites this paper as [170]

    The MK-0657 (CERC-301) and JNJ40411813/ADX71149 sections report trials without significant antidepressant efficacy. The CP-101,606/Traxoprodil section reports adverse effects and discontinuation of that compound’s development, but it also reports significant antidepressant effects; it does not say a clinical trial ended early. The passages do not substantiate early trial terminations across MDD, TRD, and Parkinson’s disease. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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  • NR2B-specific subunit antagonists such as traxoprodil, MK-0657, and eliprodil were developed but suffered similar failures.

    “NR2B-specific subunit antagonists such as traxoprodil (CP-101,606), MK-0657 (CERC-301), and eliprodil (EVT-101) were developed but suffered similar failures.”

    From Ketamine in neuropsychiatric disorders: an update (2024) · cites this paper as [170]

    The Subunit NR2B-Specific NMDAR Antagonists sections report that traxoprodil’s development was discontinued because of cardiotoxicity and that MK-0657/CERC-301 failed to meet a phase 2 efficacy endpoint. These are different kinds of setbacks, and the passages found in our copy do not address eliprodil/EVT-101 or a failure associated with it (searched: eliprodil, EVT-101). (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Nuedexta is FDA-approved for pseudobulbar affect treatment.

    “Nuedexta is FDA-approved for pseudobulbar affect treatment, and alternative formulations designed to increase DM’s bioavailability without the risk of quinidine toxicity are under investigation [144].”
  • In all reports, initial efficacy of memantine, lanicemine, and CERC 301 was either transient or inconsistent in larger studies.

    “In all reports, initial efficacy was either transient or inconsistent in larger studies [97,103,144,145,146].”
  • In TRD, AD efficacy was seen in early open-label studies but not replicated by more rigorous clinical trials.

    “In TRD, AD efficacy was seen in early open-label studies but not replicated by more rigorous clinical trials [144,179], (see Table 1).”

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1 of the 187 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Paterson B, Fraser H, Wang C, Marcus R(2015) A randomized, double- blind, placebo-controlled, sequential parallel study of CERC-301 in the adjunctive treatment of subjects with severe depression and recent active suicidal ideation despite antidepressant treatment. Ann Arbor, Michigan: National Network of Depression Centers Annual Conference.
  2. Sanacora G, Johnson MR, Khan A, Atkinson SD, Riesenberg RR, Schronen JP, Burke MA, Zajecka JM, Barra L, Su HL, Posener JA, Bui KH, Quirk MC, Piser TM, Mathew SJ, Pathak S(2017) Adjunctive lanicemine (AZD6765) in patients with major depressive disorder and history of inadequate response to antidepressants: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Neuropsychopharmacology 42: 844– 853. 27681442 PMC5312066

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Authors
Kadriu, B., Musazzi, L., Henter, I. D., Graves, M., Popoli, M., & Zarate, C. A.
Affiliations
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author
Kadriu, Bashkim
Venue
International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
Published
2018-11-16
Volume
22
Issue
2
Pages
119-135
ISSN
  • 1461-1457 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-5111
OpenAlex
W2900937351
Cited by
165
References
187
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 1
FWCI
2.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health
  • National Institutes of Health (IRP-NIMH-NIH, ZIA MH002857)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords
glutamatergic neurotransmission, ketamine, treatment-resistant depression, major depressive disorder, bipolar depression, NMDA receptor antagonists, AMPA receptor potentiation, GABAergic interneurons, rapid-acting antidepressants, antidepressant mechanism
MeSH terms
Antidepressive Agents, Humans, Ketamine, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant

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