Evaluation of an intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment based on acceptance and commitment therapy for adolescents with chronic pain and their parents: A nonrandomized clinical trial
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Parental factors are central in the development and maintenance of chronic pain in youths. Only a handful of studies have investigated the impact of psychological treatments for pediatric chronic pain on parental factors, and the relationships between changes in parental and adolescent factors. In the current study, we evaluated the effects of an intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) program based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for adolescents with chronic pain, on adolescent and parental variables, and the relationship between parental psychological flexibility and adolescent pain acceptance. Methods: Adolescents (N = 164) with chronic pain were included, with a mean age of 15.5 years, and completed the 3-week treatment with an accompanying parent (N = 164). Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze change over time (from pretreatment to 3-month follow-up) on parent (depression, health-related quality of life and parent psychological flexibility) and adolescent (physical, social and emotional functioning, and adolescent pain acceptance) variables. Additionally, linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the relationship between parent psychological flexibility and adolescent pain acceptance. Results: Results illustrated significant improvements over time in depressive symptoms and levels of psychological flexibility in parents. Excluding social development, adolescents improved significantly in all assessed aspects of functioning and pain acceptance. Additionally, changes in parent psychological flexibility were significantly associated with changes in adolescent pain acceptance. Conclusions: Results indicated that treatment had positive effects for parents and adolescents, and a significant positive relationship between changes in parent psychological flexibility and adolescent pain acceptance was found.
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The significant impact of parental psychological flexibility on both HRQoL and mental health outcomes of parents caring for children with eczema aligns with findings from prior studies.
“The significant impact of parental psychological flexibility, as measured by the level of inflexibility using the AAQ-II scale, on both HRQoL and the mental health outcomes of parents caring for children with eczema aligns with findings from prior studies.”
A systematic review of ACT-based parental support concludes that the approach is a promising intervention for helping parents manage stress and difficulties associated with autism, pediatric diseases, and children's chronic pain.
“A systematic review of ACT based on parental support concludes that the approach is a promising intervention that helps parents manage the stress and difficulties associated with autism [11], pediatric diseases [12,13], and children’s chronic pain [14,15].”
From Psychometric Properties of the Japanese Version of the Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire in Parents with Infants and Toddlers (2023) · cites this paper as [15]
In a study by Kemani and colleagues, an ACT-based intervention for adolescents with chronic pain and their family members improved acceptance of chronic pain and psychological flexibility in adolescents and decreased depressive symptoms in their parents.
“In a study conducted by Kemani and colleagues [30], an ACT-based intervention was applied to adolescents with chronic pain and their family members. Results showed improved acceptance of chronic pain and psychological flexibility in adolescents as well as decreased depressive symptoms in their parents.”
The literature in online ACT interventions for parents often reports significant improvements in parent stress, depression, and anxiety, although symptom reduction is not a goal of ACT.
“The literature in online ACT interventions for parents often report significant improvements in parent stress, depression, and anxiety, although symptom reduction is not a goal of ACT [17,56,57,58,59].”
CBT and ACT have been shown effective in improving psychological outcomes such as stress- and health-related quality of life of children with a chronic illness and their families.
“CBT and ACT have been shown effective in improving psychological outcomes such as stress- and health-related quality of life of children with a CI and their families (Kemani et al., 2018; Law et al., 2017; Palermo et al., 2016; Wynne et al., 2019).”
From Online psychosocial group intervention for parents: Positive effects on anxiety and depression. (2021) · cites this paper as Kemani et al., 2018
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Utility of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Among Adolescents - A Systematic Review
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- Authors
- Kemani, M. K., Kanstrup, M., Jordan, A., Caes, L., & Gauntlett-Gilbert, J.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- University of Bath (GB)
- University of Stirling (GB)
- Bath Centre for Pain Services, Royal United Hospitals Bath
- Corresponding author
- Kemani, Mike K
- Venue
- Journal of Pediatric Psychology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2018-05-17
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 981-994
- ISSN
- 0146-8693 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-735X
- OpenAlex
- W2802625481
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 9.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- eprints.uwe.ac.uk
- Locations
- Journal of Pediatric Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Karolinska University Hospital
- Doctoral School in Health Care Science
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- chronic pain, adolescents, acceptance and commitment therapy, multidisciplinary pain management, parental factors, pain acceptance, parental depression, health-related quality of life, family-based treatment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Female, Humans, Male, Parents, Treatment Outcome, Chronic Pain, Pain Management, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
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