International Spanish/English Internet smoking cessation trial yields 20% abstinence rates at 1 year
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: There are 1.1 billion smokers worldwide. Traditional smoking cessation methods, such as nicotine replacement therapy and smoking cessation groups, yield between 14% and 27% abstinence rates at 6 months. Evidence-based Internet interventions with comparable abstinence rates could be a powerful global tool to reduce tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We report a randomized control trial in which 500 Spanish-speaking and 500 English-speaking adult Internet users, smoking at least 5 cigarettes/day and intending to quit in the next month, were recruited online from 68 countries. Consenting participants who completed baseline measures, logged cigarettes smoked on 3 days within a week, and set a quit date were randomized to four conditions. Each condition added new elements: Condition 1 was the "Guía Para Dejar de Fumar," a static National Cancer Institute evidence-based stop smoking guide; Condition 2 consisted of Condition 1 plus E-mail reminders to return to the site; Condition 3 consisted of Condition 2 plus mood management lessons; and Condition 4 consisted of Condition 3 plus a "virtual group" (an asynchronous bulletin board). Main outcome measures were 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after initial quit date. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the four conditions. The overall 12-month 7-day abstinence rates were 20.2% for Spanish speakers and 21.0% for English speakers when those with missing data were assumed to be smoking. DISCUSSION: Internet smoking cessation interventions with such abstinence rates provided globally in additional languages could contribute substantially to tobacco control efforts.
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The number of self-reported activities completed was found to correlate with outcomes in interventions that targeted cigarette smoking, weight management, and body dissatisfaction.
“The number of self-reported activities completed (eg, completing a diary, engaging in online tests, or making forum posts) was found to correlate with outcomes in interventions that targeted cigarette smoking [42], weight management [39,40], and body dissatisfaction [43,44].”
From A Systematic Review of the Impact of Adherence on the Effectiveness of e-Therapies (2011) · cites this paper as [42]
The number of modules completed was found to correlate with outcomes in interventions that targeted cigarette smoking, depression, and anxiety disorders.
“The number of modules completed was found to correlate with outcomes in interventions that targeted cigarette smoking [42,46,47], depression [45,48-51], and anxiety disorders [52-57].”
From A Systematic Review of the Impact of Adherence on the Effectiveness of e-Therapies (2011) · cites this paper as [42]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Muñoz, R. F., Barrera, A. Z., Delucchi, K., Penilla, C., Torres, L. D., & Pérez-Stable, E. J.
- Affiliations
- San Francisco General Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Nicotine & Tobacco Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-07-29
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1025-1034
- ISSN
- 1462-2203 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-994X
- PMC
- PMC2725004
- OpenAlex
- W2129127134
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 8.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nicotine & Tobacco Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- National Cancer Institute (U01-CA86117, U01CA086117)
- Fogarty International Center (R01TW005935, TW 05935)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- smoking cessation, online intervention, abstinence rates, mood management, email reminders, online support groups, tobacco control
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, International Cooperation, Language, Male, Patient Education as Topic, Surveys and Questionnaires, Smoking, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Tobacco Use Disorder, Global Health, Smoking Cessation, Treatment Outcome, Internet, Young Adult
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