A reward prediction error for charitable donations reveals outcome orientation of donators
Open accessAbstract
The motives underlying prosocial behavior, like charitable donations, can be related either to actions or to outcomes. To address the neural basis of outcome orientation in charitable giving, we asked 33 subjects to make choices affecting their own payoffs and payoffs to a charity organization, while being scanned by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We experimentally induced a reward prediction error (RPE) by subsequently discarding some of the chosen outcomes. Co-localized to a nucleus accumbens BOLD signal corresponding to the RPE for the subject's own payoff, we observed an equivalent RPE signal for the charity's payoff in those subjects who were willing to donate. This unique demonstration of a neuronal RPE signal for outcomes exclusively affecting unrelated others indicates common brain processes during outcome evaluation for selfish, individual and nonselfish, social rewards and strongly suggests the effectiveness of outcome-oriented motives in charitable giving.
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People value vicarious rewards and exhibit increased ventral striatum activity even when they are not responsible for the reward.
“Interestingly, people value vicarious rewards and exhibit increased ventral striatum activity even when they are not responsible for the reward 61–63.”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [63]
Several studies link activity in the striatum with giving behavior, suggesting that striatum activity signals the benefits of giving.
“Several studies link activity in the striatum with giving behavior, suggesting that striatum activity signals the benefits of giving 59–63.”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [63]
Ventral and dorsal striatum appear to signal a vicarious reward when other parties (i.e., a charity or another person) receive rewards, regardless of whether any enhanced reputation can be gained.
“That is, ventral and dorsal striatum appear to signal a vicarious reward when other parties (i.e., a charity or another person) receive rewards, regardless of whether any enhanced reputation can be gained 60–63.”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Kuss, K., Falk, A., Trautner, P., Elger, C. E., Weber, B., & Fliessbach, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Venue
- Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-12-23
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 216-223
- ISSN
- 1749-5016 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-5024
- PMC
- PMC3575724
- OpenAlex
- W2128441972
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering
- Keywords
- reward prediction error, charitable giving, prosocial behavior, results orientation, nucleus accumbens, social reward
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Charities, Decision Making, Female, Goals, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motivation, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Nucleus Accumbens, Reward, Social Behavior, Beneficence, Young Adult
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