Unique and Overlapping Symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum and Dissociative Disorders in Relation to Models of Psychopathology: A Systematic Review
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Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and dissociative disorders (DDs) are described in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and tenth edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) as 2 categorically distinct diagnostic categories. However, several studies indicate high levels of co-occurrence between these diagnostic groups, which might be explained by overlapping symptoms. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the research concerning overlap and differences in symptoms between schizophrenia spectrum and DDs. For this purpose the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant literature. The literature contained a large body of evidence showing the presence of symptoms of dissociation in SSDs. Although there are quantitative differences between diagnoses, overlapping symptoms are not limited to certain domains of dissociation, nor to nonpathological forms of dissociation. In addition, dissociation seems to be related to a history of trauma in SSDs, as is also seen in DDs. There is also evidence showing that positive and negative symptoms typically associated with schizophrenia may be present in DD. Implications of these results are discussed with regard to different models of psychopathology and clinical practice.
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Dissociative identity alteration is not akin to psychosis.
“Dissociative identity alteration is not akin to psychosis [26–30].”
From Treatment of dissociative identity disorder: leveraging neurobiology to optimize success (2024) · cites this paper as [28]
The Introduction (p. 2) describes dissociative and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders as distinct diagnostic categories, which supports distinguishing dissociative identity alteration from psychosis. But the Results (p. 6) report identity alteration among patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, and the Discussion (p. 9) notes that whether dissociation and psychosis are distinguishable has been questioned. The source therefore does not support the unqualified claim that they are not akin. (LLM, conf=0.80)
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“…Dissociation (Krüger & Mace, 2002), the Questionnaire of Experiences of Dissociation (Wolfradt & Engelmann, 2003), the Dissociation Tension Scale (Stiglmayr et al., 2010), and the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (Cernis et al., 2014; Gonzalez-Torres et al., 2010; Perona-Garcelan et al., 2011;…”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Keen, N., Hunter, E. C. M., & Peters, E. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00092 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Shinn, A. K., Wolff, J. D., Hwang, M., Lebois, L. A. M., Robinson, M. A., Winternitz, S. R., Öngür, D., Ressler, K. J., & Kaufman, M. L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01011 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Treatment of dissociative identity disorder: leveraging neurobiology to optimize success
Purcell, J. B., Brand, B., Browne, H. A., Chefetz, R. A., Shanahan, M., Bair, Z. A., Baranowski, K. A., Davis, V., Mangones, P., Modell, R. L., et al. (2024) · Expert review of neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2024.2316153 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Comparing Social Stigma of Dissociative Identity Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Depressive Disorders
Reisinger, B. A. A., & Gleaves, D. H. (2023) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299732.2022.2119459 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
- Authors
- Renard, S. B., Huntjens, R. J. C., Lysaker, P. H., Moskowitz, A., Aleman, A., & Pijnenborg, G. H. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (US)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-05-21
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 108-121
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC5216848
- OpenAlex
- W2400656718
- Semantic Scholar
- 19f6533c74c93f462dcc2e1fecba56dbf4f01f3a
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 174
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- Purdue University Indianapolis (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- schizophrenia spectrum disorders, dissociative disorders
- MeSH terms
- Psychological Trauma, Dissociative Disorders, Humans, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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