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Cited by 157Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchCarcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentFluoride Effects and Removal

Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Production and Occupational Mortality

Lundin, Jessica I., Alexander, Bruce H., Olsen, Geary W., Church, Timothy R.·2009·Epidemiology
DOI 10.1097/ede.0b013e3181b5f395
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is a synthetic chemical widely detectable in blood of nonoccupationally exposed persons. Its human health effects are not well-characterized. METHODS: We conducted a mortality study in a cohort of 3993 employees of an ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) manufacturing facility. APFO rapidly dissociates to PFOA in blood. We estimated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) compared with the general population, and fit time-dependent Cox regression models to estimate the risks using an internal-cohort referent population. A priori diseases of interest were liver, pancreatic, prostate, and testicular cancer; cirrhosis of the liver; and cerebrovascular disease. RESULTS: APFO exposure was not associated with liver, pancreatic or testicular cancer or with cirrhosis of the liver. SMRs (95% CI) for prostate cancer with no, probable and definite exposure strata were 0.4 (0.1-0.9), 0.9 (0.4-1.8), and 2.1 (0.4-6.1), respectively, and for cerebrovascular disease 0.5 (0.3-0.8), 0.7 (0.4-1.1), and 1.6 (0.5-3.7), respectively. The diabetes SMR for probable exposure was 2.0 (1.0-3.2). Compared with an internal referent population of nonexposed workers, moderate or high exposures to ammonium perfluorooctanoate were positively associated with prostate cancer (HR = 3.0 [0.9-9.7] and 6.6 [1.1-37.7], respectively) and with cerebrovascular disease (1.8 [0.9-3.1] and 4.6 [1.3-17.0], respectively). Diabetes was associated with moderate exposure 3.7 (1.4-10.1); no deaths from diabetes occurred in workers with high exposure. CONCLUSION: We did not observe ammonium perfluorooctanoate exposure to be associated with liver, pancreatic, and testicular cancer or cirrhosis of the liver. Exposure was associated (albeit inconsistently) with prostate cancer, cerebrovascular disease, and diabetes.

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  • Three different studies have reported increased diabetes-driven mortality in populations exposed to high concentrations of PFAS, including individuals with contaminated drinking water and fluorochemical factory workers.

    “Three different studies have reported increased diabetes driven mortality in populations exposed to high concentrations of PFAS, including individuals with contaminated drinking water and fluorochemical factory workers”

    From A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Impacts of Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances on the Brain and Behavior (2022) · cites this paper as Lundin et al., 2009

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Authors
Lundin, J. I., Alexander, B. H., Olsen, G. W., & Church, T. R.
Affiliations
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • 3M (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Alexander, Bruce H.
ORCID
Venue
Epidemiology
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2009-11
Volume
20
Issue
6
Pages
921-928
ISSN
1044-3983 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/ede.0b013e3181b5f395
OpenAlex
W2171348449
Cited by
156
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 13
FWCI
6.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Fluoride Effects and Removal
Keywords
ammonium perfluorooctanoate, perfluorooctanoic acid, occupational exposure, industrial workers, mortality, prostate cancer, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, testicular cancer, liver cirrhosis
MeSH terms
Caprylates, Female, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Minnesota, Mortality, Cohort Studies, Proportional Hazards Models, Occupational Exposure

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