Is periodontal inflammation associated with raised blood pressure? Evidence from a National US survey

Tsakos, Georgios; Sabbah, Wael; Hingorani, Aroon D; Netuveli, Gopalakrishnan; Donos, Nikos; Watt, Richard G; D'Aiuto, Francesco

doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e32833e0fe1

Cited by 134Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesCardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention

Is periodontal inflammation associated with raised blood pressure? Evidence from a National US survey

Tsakos, Georgios, Sabbah, Wael, Hingorani, Aroon D, Netuveli, Gopalakrishnan, Donos, Nikos, Watt, Richard G, D'Aiuto, Francesco·2010·Journal of Hypertension

DOI 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32833e0fe1

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Abstract

There is incomplete and inconclusive evidence for the association between periodontal disease markers and arterial blood pressure, particularly from large national epidemiological studies. This study assessed the relationship between different markers of periodontal inflammation and disease with arterial blood pressure in people aged 17 years and over in USA. We analysed data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on 6617 men and 7377 women who received a periodontal examination. Blood pressure was analysed in both a continuous format and a binary variable for case definition of hypertension. Periodontal disease markers (extent of gingival bleeding, pocket depth, and loss of attachment, and a case definition of periodontitis) were associated on the arterial blood pressure outcomes through a series of regression models, incrementally adjusting for confounders (demographic, inflammation markers, chronic conditions, smoking, BMI, socio-economic status). All periodontal measures had significant crude associations with SBP and hypertension. Gingival bleeding, a marker of current periodontal inflammation, was the only measure consistently and significantly associated with raised SBP and an increased odds of hypertension in the US adult population throughout the adjustment process. For a 10% greater extent of gingival bleeding, the average SBP was higher by 0.5 (0.3, 0.6) mmHg in the fully adjusted model. By referring to the general population and the whole distribution of blood pressure, not only to those at higher risk for hypertension, this association might have some important implications for clinical practice and public health strategies.

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Several studies appear to support a relationship between severe periodontitis and hypertension.
“Several studies appear to support a relationship between severe periodontitis and hypertension.[24][25][26][27]”
From Periodontitis is associated with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [24]

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Authors: Tsakos, G., Sabbah, W., Hingorani, A. D., Netuveli, G., Donos, N., Watt, R. G., & D'Aiuto, F.
Affiliations: University College London (GB)
Imperial College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Tsakos, Georgios
ORCID: Tsakos, Georgios
Sabbah, Wael
Hingorani, Aroon D
Netuveli, Gopalakrishnan
Watt, Richard G
Venue: Journal of Hypertension
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2010-12
Volume: 28
Issue: 12
Pages: 2386-2393
ISSN: 0263-6352 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32833e0fe1
OpenAlex: W1977223297
Cited by: 134
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 8.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Keywords: periodontal inflammation, periodontal disease, hypertension, arterial blood pressure, gingival bleeding, periodontitis, probing depth, attachment loss, systolic blood pressure, NHANES
MeSH terms: Blood Pressure, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Periodontitis, Risk Factors, United States

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Is periodontal inflammation associated with raised blood pressure? Evidence from a National US survey

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