The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neuropathic pain: an updated grading system for research and clinical practice
Open accessAbstract
The redefinition of neuropathic pain as “pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system,” which was suggested by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) Special Interest Group on Neuropathic Pain (NeuPSIG) in 2008, has been widely accepted. In contrast, the proposed grading system of possible, probable, and definite neuropathic pain from 2008 has been used to a lesser extent. Here, we report a citation analysis of the original NeuPSIG grading paper of 2008, followed by an analysis of its use by an expert panel and recommendations for an improved grading system. As of February, 2015, 608 eligible articles in Scopus cited the paper, 414 of which cited the neuropathic pain definition. Of 220 clinical studies citing the paper, 56 had used the grading system. The percentage using the grading system increased from 5% in 2009 to 30% in 2014. Obstacles to a wider use of the grading system were identified, including (1) questions about the relative significance of confirmatory tests, (2) the role of screening tools, and (3) uncertainties about what is considered a neuroanatomically plausible pain distribution. Here, we present a revised grading system with an adjusted order, better reflecting clinical practice, improvements in the specifications, and a word of caution that even the “definite” level of neuropathic pain does not always indicate causality. In addition, we add a table illustrating the area of pain and sensory abnormalities in common neuropathic pain conditions and propose areas for further research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“To indicate probable neuropathic pain, pain must also be associated with sensory abnormalities (i.e., clinical signs such as allodynia and/or hyperalgesia) in the same neuroanatomical plausible distribution (Finnerup et al. 2016; Schmid et al. 2023).”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Lastly, to establish definite neuropathic pain, additional objective confirmation of a lesion or disease in the somatosensory nervous system that may explain the pain is required (Finnerup et al. 2016; Schmid et al. 2023).”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“To indicate possible neuropathic pain, patients must meet two criteria. First, the medical history should prompt a possible explanation for neuropathic pain, and patients should present with clinical symptoms. Second, the experienced pain distribution must be neuroanatomically plausible (i.e., the experienced pain is likely to correspond to the patient's neurological damage) (Finnerup et al. 2016;”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“the Neuropathic Pain Special Interest Group (NeuPSIG) has developed a grading system for the identification of neuropathic pain (Finnerup et al. 2016; Schmid et al. 2023)”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Importantly, a possible diagnosis cannot replace the probable and definite certainty provided by NeuPSIG in clinical practice (Finnerup et al. 2016).”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Importantly, the algorithms used across diagnostic certainty levels do not yield a definitive diagnosis of neuropathic pain (i.e., not to be confused with definite neuropathic pain). Instead, the grading system evaluate the probability that the experienced pain is caused by neurological damage, with increasing certainty as more criteria are met (Finnerup et al. 2016).”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Given these considerations and in line with existing guidelines, the establishment of a probable diagnosis of neuropathic pain may be adequate for prompting analgesic treatments in pwMS, provided that the patient has a valid diagnosis of MS (Finnerup et al. 2016; Treede et al. 2019).”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Hence, achieving definite diagnostic certainty does not constitute absolute proof of central neuropathic pain but should rather be interpreted as a strong indication within the context of best clinical practice (Finnerup et al. 2016).”
From The Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Using the NeuPSIG Algorithm (2026) · cites this paper as Finnerup et al. 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Central sensitization: implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain
Woolf, C. J. (2011) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.030 · Cited by 4,771 · cited 1×
“Because of central sensitization phenomena, the areas of allodynia and hyperalgesia may extend beyond the innervation territory.(35) Table 1”
BackgroundPharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Finnerup, N. B., Attal, N., Haroutounian, S., McNicol, E., Baron, R., Dworkin, R. H., Gilron, I., Haanpää, M., Hansson, P., Jensen, T. S., et al. (2015) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70251-0 · Cited by 3,980
Self-citationBouhassira, D., Attal, N., Alchaar, H., Boureau, F., Brochet, B., Bruxelle, J., Cunin, G., Fermanian, J., Giniès, P., Grun-Overdyking, A., et al. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.12.010 · Cited by 2,834
Self-citationA classification of chronic pain for ICD-11
Treede, R.-D., Rief, W., Barke, A., Aziz, Q., Bennett, M. I., Benoliel, R., Cohen, M., Evers, S., Finnerup, N. B., First, M. B., et al. (2015) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000160 · Cited by 2,822
Self-citationTreede (2008) · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000282763.29778.59 · Cited by 2,746
Self-citationFreynhagen, R., Baron, R., Gockel, U., & Tölle, T. R. (2006) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/030079906x132488 · Cited by 2,280
Self-citationA new definition of neuropathic pain
Jensen, T., Baron, R., Haanpää, M., Kalso, E., Loeser, J., Rice, A., & Treede, R. (2011) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.06.017 · Cited by 1,343
Self-citationThe LANSS Pain Scale: the Leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs
Bennett, M. (2001) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00482-6 · Cited by 1,165
NeuPSIG guidelines on neuropathic pain assessment
Haanpää, M., Attal, N., Backonja, M., Baron, R., Bennett, M., Bouhassira, D., Cruccu, G., Hansson, P., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Iannetti, G. D., et al. (2011) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.07.031 · Cited by 1,060
Self-citationMaier, C., Baron, R., Tölle, T. R., Binder, A., Birbaumer, N., Birklein, F., Gierthmühlen, J., Flor, H., Geber, C., Huge, V., et al. (2010) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.05.002 · Cited by 1,021
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 999
Pain and Parkinson's disease: Current mechanism and management updates
Viseux, F., Delval, A., Simoneau, M., & Defebvre, L. (2023) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.2096 · Cited by 25
“The definite diagnosis of neuropathic pain requires a demonstrable lesion or underlying disease that meets established neurological diagnostic criteria (Finnerup et al., 2016; Loeser & Treede, 2008).”
BackgroundPuerarin ameliorates allodynia and hyperalgesia in rats with peripheral nerve injury
Xia, Z., Xie, H., Pan, X., Zhao, B., & Liu, Z. (2018) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.235074 · Cited by 27
Cannabis for peripheral neuropathy: The good, the bad, and the unknown
Modesto‐Lowe, V., Bojka, R., & Alvarado, C. (2018) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.85a.17115 · Cited by 26
Morgalla, M. H., Filho, M. F. D. B., Chander, B. S., Soekadar, S. R., Tatagiba, M. S., & Lepski, G. A. (2018) · Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface · doi:10.1111/ner.12900 · Cited by 26
“are among the major causes of chronic NP and involve thin, myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C fibers (4,5).”
BackgroundMethodBioinformatics Analysis Identifies p53 as a Candidate Prognostic Biomarker for Neuropathic Pain
Gao, Y., Sun, N., Wang, L., Wu, Y., Ma, L., Hong, J., Ren, J., Zhu, B., Yu, L., & Yan, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00320 · Cited by 25
“Neuropathic pain (NP) is a kind of chronic pain caused by injury to the nervous system, and is characterized by dysesthesia, hyperalgesia, and allodynia (Finnerup et al., 2016).”
BackgroundEvaluation of the Neuropathic Component of Chronic Low Back Pain
Andrašinová, T., Kalíková, E., Kopáčik, R., Šrotová, I., Vlčková, E., Dušek, L., Bednařík, J., & Adamová, B. (2018) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000653 · Cited by 24
Liao, Y.-H., Wang, B., Chen, M.-X., Liu, Y., & Ao, L. (2021) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2021/6659668 · Cited by 25
“The main clinical manifestations include spontaneous pain, persistent (or paroxysmal) pain, induced pain, paresthesia, numbness, and tingling [2, 3].”
BackgroundGranovsky, Y., Topaz, L. S., Laycock, H. C., Zubiedat, R., Crystal, S., Buxbaum, C., Bosak, N., Hadad, R., Domany, E., Khamaisi, M., et al. (2021) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002434 · Cited by 25
Self-citationSun, N., Yu, L., Gao, Y., Ma, L., Ren, J., Liu, Y., Gao, D. S., Xie, C., Wu, Y., Wang, L., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.743207 · Cited by 26
Kannan, P., Bello, U. M., & Winser, S. J. (2022) · Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease · doi:10.1177/20406223221078672 · Cited by 25
Identification of key candidate genes and biological pathways in neuropathic pain
Cui, C., Liu, X., Peng, M.-H., Liu, Q., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106135 · Cited by 25
Modern principles of diagnosis and treatment in complex regional pain syndrome
Melf-Marzi, A., Böhringer, B., Wiehle, M., & Hausteiner‐Wiehle, C. (2022) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0358 · Cited by 28
Sobeeh, M. G., Hassan, K. A., Silva, A. G., Youssef, E. F., Fayaz, N. A., & Mohammed, M. M. (2023) · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research · doi:10.1186/s13018-022-03461-2 · Cited by 30
Sanchis‐Mora, S., Chang, Y., Abeyesinghe, S. M., Fisher, A. S., Volk, H. A., & Pelligand, L. (2017) · Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia · doi:10.1016/j.vaa.2016.09.004 · Cited by 25
Analgesic effects of FAAH inhibitor in the insular cortex of nerve-injured rats
Kim, M. J., Tanioka, M., Um, S. W., Hong, S., & Lee, B. H. (2018) · Molecular Pain · doi:10.1177/1744806918814345 · Cited by 25
“feres with an individual’s social activities and impairs quality of life.(3) Previously, despite their lack of efficacy”
BackgroundAAPT Diagnostic Criteria for Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: Focal and Segmental Disorders
Freeman, R. L., Edwards, R. R., Baron, R., Bruehl, S. P., Cruccu, G., Dworkin, R. H., & Haroutounian, S. (2018) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.10.002 · Cited by 28
Self-citationFontinele, L. L., Heimfarth, L., Pereira, E. W. M., Rezende, M. M., Lima, N. T., de Carvalho, Y. M. B. G., Pires, E. A. D. M., Guimarães, A. G., Carvalho, M. T. B., Barreto, R. D. S. S., et al. (2019) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104530 · Cited by 25
He, F.-L., Qiu, S., Zou, J., Gu, F., Yao, Z., Tu, Z.-H., Wang, Y., Liu, X., Zhou, L., & Zhu, Q. (2020) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/2020.3.jns193202 · Cited by 25
A sensory-motor-sensory circuit underlies antinociception ignited by primary motor cortex in mice
Wang, F., Tian, Z., Ding, H., Yang, X. W., Wang, F., Ji, R.-X., Xu, L., Cao, Z.-X., Ma, S., Zhang, M., et al. (2025) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2025.03.027 · Cited by 27
Characterization of pain syndromes in patients with neuromyelitis optica
Valério, F., Apóstolos‐Pereira, S. L., Sato, D. K., Callegaro, D., Lucato, L. T., Barboza, V. R., da Silva, V. A., Galhardoni, R., Rodrigues, A. L. D. L., Teixeira, M. J., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1608 · Cited by 25
Topical Capsaicin for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
Sultana, A., Singla, R. K., He, X., Sun, Y., Alam, M. S., & Shen, B. (2020) · Current Drug Metabolism · doi:10.2174/1389200221999201116143701 · Cited by 24
A Review of the Clinical and Therapeutic Implications of Neuropathic Pain
Balzani, E., Fanelli, A., Malafoglia, V., Tenti, M., Ilari, S., Corraro, A., Muscoli, C., & Raffaeli, W. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9091239 · Cited by 30
“Special tests for these variables, such as the Short Form-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, should be evaluated in this context [6,20].”
MethodDiagnosis and Management of Neuropathic Pain in Spine Diseases
Bielewicz, J., Kamieniak, M., Szymoniuk, M., Litak, J., Czyżewski, W., & Kamieniak, P. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12041380 · Cited by 29
“The etiology may be primary, when the pathological process involves the nervous tissue, or secondary, when the surrounding tissues are involved [3].”
BackgroundExploring the molecular pathways and therapeutic implications of angiogenesis in neuropathic pain
Sharma, A., Behl, T., Sharma, L., Shah, O. P., Yadav, S., Sachdeva, M., Rashid, S., BUNGAU, S. G., & Bustea, C. (2023) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114693 · Cited by 24
At-Home Cortical Stimulation for Neuropathic Pain: a Feasibility Study with Initial Clinical Results
Garcı́a-Larrea, L., Perchet, C., Hagiwara, K., & André‐Obadia, N. (2019) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-019-00734-3 · Cited by 24
Kämmerer, P. W., Heimes, D., Hartmann, A., Kesting, M. R., Khoury, F., Schiegnitz, E., Thiem, D. G. E., Wiltfang, J., Al‐Nawas, B., & Kämmerer, W. (2024) · Clinical Oral Investigations · doi:10.1007/s00784-024-05615-4 · Cited by 24
“Neuropathic pain, defined as pain ensuing from an injury to the somatosensory system, adds a complex dimension to the clinical manifestation of nerve injuries [18, 19].”
BackgroundMethodThe diagnosis and treatment of neuropathic pain
Ahmadi, R., Kuner, R., Weidner, N., Keßler, J., Bendszus, M., & Krieg, S. M. (2024) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.m2024.0215 · Cited by 29
Palladini, M. C., Boesl, I., Koenig, S., Buchheister, B., & Attal, N. (2019) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1080/03007995.2019.1565709 · Cited by 23
Kersebaum, D., Fabig, S., Sendel, M., Sachau, J., Lassen, J., Rehm, S., Hüllemann, P., Baron, R., & Gierthmühlen, J. (2020) · PAIN Reports · doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000000858 · Cited by 26
“and neuropathic pain was diagnosed according to the NeuPSIG algorithm.(16) Only patients with probable or definite neuropathic pain according to the NeuPSIG algorithm were included in the analysis.”
MethodSelf-citationJacobsen, H. B., Stiles, T. C., Stubhaug, A., Landrø, N. I., & Hansson, P. T. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80740-0 · Cited by 23
Self-citationKarlsson, P., Gylfadottir, S. S., Kristensen, A. G., Ramirez, J. D., Cruz, P. F., Le, N., SHILLO, P. R., Tesfaye, S. H., Rice, A. S. C., Tankişi, H., et al. (2021) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-020-05352-9 · Cited by 25
Self-citationHonkanen, N., Mustonen, L., Kalso, E. A., Meretoja, T. J., & Harno, H. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2021-0026 · Cited by 22
Dissecting neuropathic from poststroke pain: the white matter within
Lemos, M. D., Faillenot, I., Lucato, L. T., Teixeira, M. J., Barbosa, L. M., Alho, E. J. L., Conforto, A. B., Rodrigues, A. L. D. L., Galhardoni, R., da Silva, V. A., et al. (2021) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002427 · Cited by 25
Moisset, X., Pagé, M. G., Pereira, B., & Choinière, M. (2021) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002461 · Cited by 24
Romanelli, M. N., Borgonetti, V., & Galeotti, N. (2021) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105901 · Cited by 25
He, N., Qu, Y., Li, D., & Yue, S. (2021) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.203691 · Cited by 22
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of neuropathic pain associated with coronavirus disease 2019
Stefano, G. D., Falco, P., Galosi, E., Pietro, G. D., Leone, C. M., & Truini, A. (2022) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.2055 · Cited by 23
Bouhassira, D., Jazat-Poindessous, F., Farnes, N., Franchisseur, C., Stubhaug, A., Bismuth, J., Lefaucheur, J., Hansson, P. T., & Attal, N. (2023) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003082 · Cited by 24
Self-citationChoi, J., Lee, S., Kim, H., & Lee, K. (2018) · Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s10067-018-4125-z · Cited by 24
TRPV1, Targeted by miR-338-3p, Induces Neuropathic Pain by Interacting with NECAB2
Ma, Y., Deng, Q., Li, S., et al. (2020) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-020-01626-4 · Cited by 23
Botulinum toxin A and neuropathic pain: An update
Spagna, A., & Attal, N. (2023) · Toxicon · doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107208 · Cited by 22
Abu-Shaheen, A. K., Yousef, S., Riaz, M. A., Nofal, A., AlFayyad, I., Khan, S. M., & Heena, H. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194358 · Cited by 22
“To achieve an accurate diagnosis, assessment by an expert pain physician including meticulous history, clinical examination, and neurological evaluation must be carried out [28, 29].”
BackgroundSchubert, T., Kern, K., Schneider, S., & Baron, R. (2020) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/papr.12989 · Cited by 22
“Thus, capsaicin and lidocaine patches are often defined as second-line therapy for pNP.(1) However, for the treatment of (severe) pain localized to a specific area, patches are also suggested as primary use by the guideline of the German Society for Neurology based on its efficacy that is comparable to systemic standa…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationVázquez, A., Plaza, E. M., Fernández, I., Sobas, E. M., González-García, M. J., Enríquez‐de‐Salamanca, A., Ortega, E., López‐Miguel, A., & Calonge, M. (2022) · The Ocular Surface · doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2022.07.010 · Cited by 22
“Based on the abundant published literature about neuropathic pain, and also following ophthalmology-based guidelines [42], it was considered present when at least 3 of the following 5 requirements were met: (1) evidence of damage or injury to the somatosensory nervous system [43]; (2) minimum corneal damage (Oxford sc…”
BackgroundMalet, M., Leiguarda, C., Gastón, G., McCarthy, C. J., & Brumovsky, P. R. (2017) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2017.04.005 · Cited by 22
Franz, S., Schuld, C., Wilder-Smith, E. P., Heutehaus, L., Lang, S., Gantz, S., Schuh‐Hofer, S., Treede, R., Bryce, T. N., Wang, H., et al. (2017) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1069 · Cited by 22
“In case of SCI, the latter approach does not necessarily ensure a pain distribution at- or below injury level (Treede et al., 2008; Finnerup, 2013; Finnerup et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationGuo, J., Wang, C., Niu, X., Zhou, F. J., Li, H., & Weifang, G. (2019) · Acta Neurologica Belgica · doi:10.1007/s13760-019-01126-2 · Cited by 22
Pillay, P., Wadley, A. L., Cherry, C. L., Karstaedt, A., & Kamerman, P. R. (2019) · Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System · doi:10.1111/jns.12349 · Cited by 22
“(range) CD4 T-cell count at initiation of the study was 228 (1-1347) cells/μL.”
BackgroundSelf-citationCarmland, M. E., Kreutzfeldt, M. S., Holbech, J. V., Andersen, N. T., Jensen, T. S., Bach, F. W., Sindrup, S. H., & Finnerup, N. B. (2019) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-019-3695-7 · Cited by 22
Self-citationMicroRNA-193a Downregulates HMGB1 to Alleviate Diabetic Neuropathic Pain in a Mouse Model
Wu, B., Guo, Y., Chen, Q., Xiong, Q., & Min, S. (2019) · NeuroImmunoModulation · doi:10.1159/000503325 · Cited by 22
Selvy, M., Cuménal, M., Kerckhove, N., Courteix, C., Busserolles, J., & Balayssac, D. (2020) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1764934 · Cited by 25
“Introduction Sensitive peripheral neuropathy and its most disabling symptoms, neuropathic pain, refers to a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system [1].”
BackgroundRíos‐León, M., Taylor, J., Segura‐Fragoso, A., & Barriga-Martín, A. (2023) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnad165 · Cited by 21
Shin, J., Wu, J., Park, H., Kim, S. I., Shin, N., Shin, H. J., Ren, G., Kim, J., Hwang, P. T. J., Jun, H., et al. (2025) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2025.167737 · Cited by 25
Serrano‐Muñoz, D., Galán-Arriero, I., Ávila-Martín, G., Gómez‐Soriano, J., Florensa, J., Peris, A. G., Romero-Muñoz, L. M., Barriga-Martín, A., & Taylor, J. (2019) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000722 · Cited by 21
Bouhassira, D., Perrot, S., Riant, T., Martiné, G., Pickering, G. P., Maindet, C., Attal, N., Garnier, S. R., Nguyen, J., Kuhn, E., et al. (2020) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002109 · Cited by 22
Self-citationAAAPT Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Neuropathic Pain
Doshi, T. L., Dworkin, R. H., Polomano, R. C., Carr, D. B., Edwards, R. R., Finnerup, N. B., Freeman, R. L., Paice, J. A., Weisman, S. J., & Raja, S. N. (2020) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnaa407 · Cited by 23
Self-citationZhang, Y., Zhang, S., Pan, L., Wang, B., Sun, Y., Gao, L., Wang, L., Cui, L., Zhang, Q., Heng, S., et al. (2021) · Pain and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40122-021-00281-w · Cited by 21
Interventions for zoster-associated pain: A retrospective study based on the clinical database
Chen, L., Li, J., Liu, H., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.1056171 · Cited by 21
Themistocleous, A. C., Baskozos, G., Blesneac, I., Comini, M., Mégy, K., Chong, S., Deevi, S. V. V., Ginsberg, L., Gosal, D. Y., Hadden, R. D. M., et al. (2023) · Brain Communications · doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcad037 · Cited by 23
“27 Such an approach works well in disorders where there is structural injury to sensory neurons.”
BackgroundSelf-citationImproving neuropathic pain treatment – by rigorous stratification from bench to bedside
Soliman, N., Kersebaum, D., Lawn, T., Sachau, J., Sendel, M., & Vollert, J. (2023) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15798 · Cited by 22
Osumi, M., Sumitani, M., Abe, H., et al. (2017) · Journal of Hand Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jht.2017.06.003 · Cited by 21
Avoiding Catch-22: validating the PainDETECT in a population of patients with chronic pain
Timmerman, H., Wolff, A. P., Bronkhorst, E. M., Wilder‐Smith, O. H. G., Schenkels, M. J., van Dasselaar, N. T., Huygen, F. J. P. M., Steegers, M. A. H., & Vissers, K. C. P. (2018) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-018-1094-4 · Cited by 21
“Thirdly, we used the NeuPSIG Grading System [31, 52] as a secondary comparison.”
MethodInfluentialKapustin, D., Bhatia, A., McParland, A., Trivedi, A., Davidson, A., Brull, R., & Singh, M. (2019) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001743 · Cited by 22
“Neuropathicpain (NP) is adebilitating condition resulting from lesions or diseases that affect the somatosensory system.(18) Neuropathic pain affects an estimated 10% of the population,(10) and its commonest manifestation is peripheral neuropathy.”
BackgroundHatchard, T., Mioduszewski, O., Khoo, E.-L., Romanow, H., Shergill, Y., Tennant, E., Leeming, A., Fang, Z., Poulin, P., & Smith, A. M. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01546-9 · Cited by 21
Physiotherapy management of breast cancer treatment-related sequelae
Devoogdt, N., & Groef, A. D. (2024) · Journal of physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2024.02.020 · Cited by 21
Rivel, M., Achiron, A., Dolev, M., Stern, Y., Zeilig, G., & Defrin, R. (2021) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnab103 · Cited by 20
Varangot‐Reille, C., Cuenca‐Martínez, F., Arribas‐Romano, A., Bertoletti-Rodríguez, R., Gutiérrez-Martín, Á., Mateo-Perrino, F., Suso‐Martí, L., Blanco‐Díaz, M., Calatayud, J., & Casaña, J. (2021) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnab300 · Cited by 24
Dunker, Ø., Grotle, M., Kvaløy, M. B., Uglem, M., Løseth, S., Hjelland, I. E., Kleggetveit, I. P., Allen, S. M., Vigeland, M. D., Killingmo, R. M., et al. (2022) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002793 · Cited by 20
“Reference standard The reference standard for the diagnosis of neuropathic pain were the NeuPSIG criteria [17].”
Yousefi‐Manesh, H., Shirooie, S., Noori, T., Sheibani, M., Tavangar, S. M., Hemmati, S., Sadeghi, M. A., Akbarniakhaky, H., Mohammadi, Z., Foroutani, L., et al. (2023) · Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/fcp.12880 · Cited by 21
“Also, life quality in patients with chronic neuropathic pain is more impaired than that of patients with chronic nonneuropathic pain caused by damaged or stimulated nerves [4, 5].”
de Zoete, R. M. J. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12227108 · Cited by 29
“Chronic neuropathic neck pain is caused by a lesion or disease of neural tissue, with patients reporting pain in a neuroanatomically recognisable distribution, evidence of sensory dysfunction, and/or the diagnostic confirmation of a nervous system lesion [49].”
BackgroundCanfora, F., Ottaviani, G., Calabria, E., Pecoraro, G., Leuci, S., Coppola, N., Sansone, M., Rupel, K., Biasotto, M., Lenarda, R. D., et al. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11123266 · Cited by 22
“Therefore, by definition, within the concept of pain, a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system is related to altered pain processing [47,48].”
BackgroundDevelopment and validation of a Taiwan version of the DN4-T questionnaire
Wang, Y.-F., Yang, C., Ro, L., Tsai, Y., Lin, K., Sun, W., Fang, W., & Wang, S. (2019) · Journal of the Chinese Medical Association · doi:10.1097/jcma.0000000000000129 · Cited by 20
Top 100 Most-Cited Papers in Neuropathic Pain From 2000 to 2020: A Bibliometric Study
Xiong, H.-Y., Liu, H., & Wang, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.765193 · Cited by 20
Molecular Insights on the Therapeutic Effect of Selected Flavonoids on Diabetic Neuropathy
Prabhawathi, V., Sivakumar, P. M., Prabhakar, P. K., Çetinel, S., & Neelakandan, R. (2022) · Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1389557522666220309140855 · Cited by 21
Hasvik, E., Haugen, A. J., & Grøvle, L. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065500 · Cited by 24
HSV‐1 infection‐induced herpetic neuralgia involves a CCL5/CCR5‐mediated inflammation mechanism
Wu, S., Yang, S., Li, R., et al. (2023) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.28718 · Cited by 19
“Patients with HN show spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, and abnormal pain sensitivity,(4) mostly moderate or severe pain, which has seriously affected the life quality of patients.(5)”
BackgroundDewanjee, S., Sohel, M., Hossain, M. S., Ansari, F., Islam, M. T., Sultana, F., Mamun, A. A., Islam, M. M., & Amin, M. N. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15346 · Cited by 20
“This pain is different from other types of pain; NP causes abnormal sensation and increases response to painful stimuli that do not usually prove pain [3,4].”
BackgroundEffects of exercise therapy on diabetic neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Hernando-Garijo, I., Medrano-de-la-Fuente, R., Mingo-Gómez, M. T., Lahuerta-Martín, S., Ceballos‐Laita, L., & Jiménez‐del‐Barrio, S. (2023) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2023.2227975 · Cited by 19
“Many patients with DN experience high levels of anxiety and depression, probably associated with pain interference in daily activities (Alleman et al., 2015; Finnerup et al., 2015, 2016).”
Gilron, I., Robb, S., Tu, D., Holden, R. R., Jackson, A. C., Duggan, S., & Milev, R. V. (2023) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003038 · Cited by 19
Neuropathic Pain With and Without Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 1 Diabetes
Braffett, B. H., ghormli, L. K. E., Albers, J. W., Feldman, E. L., Herman, W. H., Gubitosi‐Klug, R., Martin, C. L., Orchard, T. J., White, N. H., Lachin, J. M., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-1749 · Cited by 22
Argyriou, A. A., Bruna, J., Kalofonou, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System · doi:10.1111/jns.12616 · Cited by 19
Cracking the Chronic Pain code: A scoping review of Artificial Intelligence in Chronic Pain research
Khan, M. A., Koh, R. G. L., Rashidiani, S., Liu, T., Tucci, V., Kumbhare, D. A., & Doyle, T. E. (2024) · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2024.102849 · Cited by 24
Åkerlund, M., Baskozos, G., Li, W., Themistocleous, A. C., Pascal, M. M. V., Rayner, N. W., Attal, N., Baron, R., Baudic, S., Bennedsgaard, K., et al. (2024) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003463 · Cited by 21
“The integration of questionnaire-based neuropathic pain case definitions with clinical examination and tests of sensory function such as quantitative sensory testing (QST) strives to enhance certainty of identifying a lesion of the somatosensory nervous system.”
InfluentialSelf-citationRuan, S., Jia, R., Hu, L., Liu, Y., Tian, Q., Jiang, K., Xia, X., Tao, X., Liu, W., Pan, Y., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455771 · Cited by 26
Skyt, I., Moslemi, K., Baastrup, C., Grosen, K., Svensson, P. J., Jensen, T. S., & Vase, L. (2017) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1164 · Cited by 19
Self-citationLi, P., Xiong, D., Sun, W., et al. (2018) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000001138 · Cited by 19
Persistent dentoalveolar pain disorder: A putative intraoral chronic overlapping pain condition
Babiloni, A. H., Nixdorf, D. R., & Moana-Filho, E. J. (2019) · Oral Diseases · doi:10.1111/odi.13248 · Cited by 20
“, sensory loss as assessed with QST) are considered two key features for its categorization as a neuropathic pain condition (Finnerup et al., 2016; Scholz et al., 2019).”
BackgroundXian, H., Xie, R., Luo, C., et al. (2020) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2020/8875915 · Cited by 19
Chronic pain in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases
Bofanova, N. S., Masaeva, R. R., Verbitskaya, О. S., Koldova, Т. G., & Yadrentseva, U. V. (2021) · Russian Journal of Pain · doi:10.17116/pain20211901136 · Cited by 19
Delta-containing GABAA receptors in pain management: Promising targets for novel analgesics
Luo, Y., Kusay, A. S., Jiang, T., Chebib, M., & Balle, T. (2021) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108675 · Cited by 20
Odozor, C. U., Kannampallil, T., Abdallah, A. B., Roles, K., Burk, C., Warner, B. C., Alaverdyan, H., Clifford, D. B., Piccirillo, J. F., & Haroutounian, S. (2022) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002639 · Cited by 19
Self-citationRoussel, N. A., Chantrain, V., Foubert, A., Lambert, C., Hermans, C. R. J. R., Meeus, M., Guillaume, S., Lecouvet, F. E., Krüger, S., Hilberg, T., et al. (2022) · Haemophilia · doi:10.1111/hae.14544 · Cited by 19
A pilot study to improve pain phenotyping in head and neck cancer patients
Ye, Y., Cardoso, D. D. M., Kayahara, G. M., & Bernabé, D. G. (2023) · Frontiers in Pain Research · doi:10.3389/fpain.2023.1146667 · Cited by 18
Neuropathic Pain in the Emergency Setting: Diagnosis and Management
Doneddu, P. E., Pensato, U., Iorfida, A., Alberti, C., Nobile‐Orazio, E., Fabbri, A., & Voza, A. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12186028 · Cited by 20
“, ultrasound, MRI, neurophysiological tests, biopsy) [14].”
Assessment of Somatosensory and Psychosocial Function of Patients With Trigeminal Nerve Damage
Pillai, R. S., Pigg, M., List, T., Karlsson, P., Mladenović, Ž., Vase, L., Nørholt, S. E., Pedersen, T. K., Bengtsson, M., Costa, Y. M., et al. (2020) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000806 · Cited by 18
Prabu Raja, G., Fernandes, S., Cruz, A. M., & Anupama Prabhu, B. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04560 · Cited by 18
Challenges in Diabetic Micro-Complication Management: Focus on Diabetic Neuropathy
Ansari, P., Hannan, J. M. A., Azam, S., & Jakaria, M. (2021) · International Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.3390/ijtm1030013 · Cited by 18
“This method verifies neuropathic pain and aids in the appropriate diagnosis and therapy [66,67].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLie, H. C., Anderssen, S. A., Rueegg, C. S., Raastad, T., Grydeland, M., Thorsen, L., Stensrud, T., Edvardsen, E., Larsen, M. H., Torsvik, I. K., et al. (2022) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/35838 · Cited by 24
Wu, Z., Guo, G., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., He, T., Zhu, Q., Kong, L., & Fang, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2023.1231374 · Cited by 17
Du, Z., Yin, S., Song, X., Zhang, L., Yue, S., Jia, X., & Zhang, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2020.00071 · Cited by 17
Metadata
- Authors
- Finnerup, N. B., Haroutounian, S., Kamerman, P., Baron, R., Bennett, D. L. H., Bouhassira, D., Cruccu, G., Freeman, R., Hansson, P., Nurmikko, T., Raja, S. N., Rice, A. S. C., Serra, J., Smith, B. H., Treede, R.-D., & Jensen, T. S.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of the Witwatersrand (ZA)
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (DE)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Inserm (FR)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- Walton Centre (GB)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Neuroscience Technologies, Ltd, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Dundee (GB)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Finnerup, Nanna B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 2016-01-13
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1599-1606
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- 1872-6623
- PMC
- PMC4949003
- OpenAlex
- W2316569153
- Semantic Scholar
- 4d1325782b7eb15e39a0a2fafbff56c6b01dbb4c
- Cited by
- 1,332
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 116 · 2025: 155 · 2024: 134 · 2023: 198 · 2022: 138 · 2021: 164 · 2020: 131 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 17
- FWCI
- 11.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Pain (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- AstraZeneca
- Sanofi
- International Association for the Study of Pain
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
- Glenmark Pharmaceuticals
- European Commission (633491, HORIZON2020)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Eisai
- Novo Nordisk (NNF14SA0006)
- Astellas Pharma
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF14SA000 6, NNF14OC0011633)
- Allergan
- Sanofi Pasteur
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Daiichi Sankyo Europe
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- neuropathic pain, neuropathic pain diagnosis, pain distribution, sensory disturbances, confirmatory testing, screening tool
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neuralgia, Pain Measurement, Surveys and Questionnaires, Research, Pain Management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
