Acute and long-term effects of exercise on appetite control: is there any benefit for weight control?
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine the relationship between energy intake, appetite control and exercise, with particular reference to longer term exercise studies. This approach is necessary when exploring the benefits of exercise for weight control, as changes in body weight and energy intake are variable and reflect diversity in weight loss. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent evidence indicates that longer term exercise is characterized by a highly variable response in eating behaviour. Individuals display susceptibility or resistance to exercise-induced weight loss, with changes in energy intake playing a key role in determining the degree of weight loss achieved. Marked differences in hunger and energy intake exist between those who are capable of tolerating periods of exercise-induced energy deficit, and those who are not. Exercise-induced weight loss can increase the orexigenic drive in the fasted state, but for some this is offset by improved postprandial satiety signalling. SUMMARY: The biological and behavioural responses to acute and long-term exercise are highly variable, and these responses interact to determine the propensity for weight change. For some people, long-term exercise stimulates compensatory increases in energy intake that attenuate weight loss. However, favourable changes in body composition and health markers still exist in the absence of weight loss. The physiological mechanisms that confer susceptibility to compensatory overconsumption still need to be determined.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cites
DONNELLY, J. E., BLAIR, S. N., JAKICIC, J. M., MANORE, M. M., RANKIN, J. W., & SMITH, B. K. (2009) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181949333 · Cited by 2,658 · see citing works
Individual differences in response to regular physical activity
BOUCHARD, C., & RANKINEN, T. (2001) · Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200106001-00013 · Cited by 939 · see citing works
The Human Gene Map for Performance and Health-Related Fitness Phenotypes
Rankinen, T., Bray, M. S., Hagberg, J. M., Përusse, L., Roth, S. M., Wolfarth, B., & Bouchard, C. (2006) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000233789.01164.4f · Cited by 734 · see citing works
Glucostatic Mechanism of Regulation of Food Intake
Mayer, J. (1953) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm195307022490104 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Does physical activity prevent weight gain – a systematic review
Fogelholm, M., & Kukkonen‐Harjula, K. (2000) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1046/j.1467-789x.2000.00016.x · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Fogelholm, M. (2010) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00653.x · Cited by 517 · see citing works
King, N. A., Hopkins, M., Caudwell, P., Stubbs, R. J., & Blundell, J. E. (2008) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803712 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Self-citationBallor, D. L., & Keesey, R. E. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Church, T. S., Martin, C. K., Thompson, A. M., Earnest, C. P., Mikus, C. R., & Blair, S. N. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004515 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Keim, N., Stern, J. S., & Havel, P. J. (1998) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/68.4.794 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
The role of physical activity in producing and maintaining weight loss
Catenacci, V. A., & Wyatt, H. R. (2007) · Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0554 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Appetite after weight loss by energy restriction and a low-fat diet–exercise follow-up
Doucet, E., Imbeault, P., St-Pierre, S., Alméras, N., Mauriège, P., Richard, D., & Tremblay, A. (2000) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801251 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
King, N. A., Caudwell, P. P., Hopkins, M., Stubbs, J. R., Naslund, E., & Blundell, J. E. (2009) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27706 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Self-citationAcute compensatory eating following exercise is associated with implicit hedonic wanting for food
Finlayson, G., Bryant, E. J., Blundell, J. E., & King, N. A. (2009) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.002 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effect of graded levels of exercise on energy intake and balance in free-living women
Stubbs, R., Sepp, A., Hughes, D., Johnstone, A., King, N., Horgan, G., & Blundell, J. (2002) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801874 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh dose exercise does not increase hunger or energy intake in free living males
King, N. A., Lluch, A., Stubbs, R. J., & Blundell, J. E. (1997) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600432 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Self-citationStubbs, R. J., Sepp, A.-L. I., Hughes, D., Johnstone, A. M., Horgan, G. W., King, N. A., & Blundell, J. E. (2002) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601295 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Self-citationWhybrow, S., Hughes, D. A., Ritz, P., Johnstone, A. M., Horgan, G. W., King, N., Blundell, J. E., & Stubbs, R. J. (2008) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114508968240 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationThe non-regulation of food intake in humans: Hope for reversing the epidemic of obesity
Levitsky, D. A. (2005) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.08.053 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
A Satiety Quotient: A Formulation to Assess the Satiating Effect of Food
GREEN, S., DELARGY, H., JOANES, D., & BLUNDELL, J. (1997) · Appetite · doi:10.1006/appe.1997.0096 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationBeneficial effects of exercise: shifting the focus from body weight to other markers of health
King, N. A., Hopkins, M., Caudwell, P., Stubbs, R. J., & Blundell, J. E. (2009) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.2009.065557 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh-fat foods overcome the energy expenditure induced by high-intensity cycling or running.
King, N. A., & Blundell, J. E. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationLong, S. J., Hart, K. H., & Morgan, L. (2002) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjnbjn2002560 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Effects of short-term exercise on appetite responses in unrestrained females.
King, N. A., Snell, L., Smith, R. D., & Blundell, J. E. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationShort-term appetite control in response to a 6-week exercise programme in sedentary volunteers
Martins, C., Truby, H., & Morgan, L. (2007) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711450774922x · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Exercise: it's the real thing!
Hawley, J. A., & Holloszy, J. O. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00185.x · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Barwell, N. D., Malkova, D., Leggate, M., & Gill, J. M. R. (2009) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2009.04.016 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Physical Activity and Hormonal Regulation of Appetite
Hagobian, T. A., & Braun, B. (2009) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1097/jes.0b013e3181c5cd98 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Walleghen, E. L. V., Orr, J. S., Gentile, C. L., Davy, K. P., & Davy, B. M. (2007) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803579 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Exercise-induced energy expenditure: Implications for exercise prescription and obesity
Colley, R. C., Hills, A. P., King, N. A., & Byrne, N. M. (2010) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2010.03.001 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationCorrective responses in human food intake identified from an analysis of 7-d food-intake records
Bray, G. A., Flatt, J.-P., Volaufova, J., DeLany, J. P., & Champagne, C. M. (2008) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26289 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Behavioral Compensatory Adjustments to Exercise Training in Overweight Women
Manthou, E., Gill, J. M. R., WRIGHT, A., & Malkova, D. (2010) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181c524b7 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Taylor, A. H., & Oliver, A. J. (2008) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.09.004 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Exercise and energy intake in overweight, sedentary individuals
Schneider, K. L., Spring, B. J., & Pagoto, S. (2008) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2008.10.009 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Appetite control and energy balance: Impact of exercise
Blundell, J. E., Gibbons, C., Caudwell, P., Finlayson, G., & Hopkins, M. (2015) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12257 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Self-citationAcute exercise and subsequent energy intake. A meta-analysis
Schubert, M. M., Desbrow, B., Sabapathy, S., & Leveritt, M. (2013) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.12.010 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Biological Control of Appetite: A Daunting Complexity
MacLean, P. S., Blundell, J. E., Mennella, J. A., & Batterham, R. L. (2017) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.21771 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationAcute Exercise and Gastric Emptying: A Meta-Analysis and Implications for Appetite Control
Horner, K. M., Schubert, M. M., Desbrow, B., Byrne, N. M., & King, N. A. (2015) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0285-4 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationHomeostatic and Circadian Control of Food Intake: Clinical Strategies to Prevent Overconsumption
Drapeau, V., & Gallant, A. R. (2013) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-012-0038-3 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hopkins, M., King, N. A., & Blundell, J. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Hopkins, Mark
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 635-640
- ISSN
- 1363-1950 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012285073
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/G530141/1, BBS/B/05079)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- physical activity, appetite regulation, energy intake, weight management, exercise-induced weight loss, hunger, satiety, fasting state, body composition, eating behaviour
- MeSH terms
- Appetite, Appetite Regulation, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Satiation, Time, Weight Loss, Exercise, Postprandial Period
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
