“What If I Make a Mistake?”: Intolerance of Uncertainty Is Associated With Poor Behavioral Performance

Thibodeau, Michel A.; Carleton, R. Nicholas; Gómez-Pérez, Lydia; Asmundson, Gordon J.G.

doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3182a21298

Cited by 48Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPerfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety StudiesNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

“What If I Make a Mistake?”: Intolerance of Uncertainty Is Associated With Poor Behavioral Performance

Thibodeau, Michel A., Carleton, R. Nicholas, Gómez-Pérez, Lydia, Asmundson, Gordon J.G.·2013·Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease

DOI 10.1097/nmd.0b013e3182a21298

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Abstract

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) has been posited as ubiquitous across experiences of anxiety; however, studies testing how IU impacts behavior remain scant. The current study examined the impact of IU on performance during a keyboard typing task, a relatively complex and common behavior. A total of 40 members of the university community completed the task and measures of IU, trait anxiety, negative affect, and state anxiety. Heart rate and skin conductance were also assessed during the task as indices of state anxiety. IU was independently and substantially associated with slower typing speed (part r = -0.68) beyond other measured psychological and physiological variables but was not associated with typing errors. Prospective and inhibitory IU, as manifestations of IU, did not seemingly differ in their relationship with performance. IU may negatively impact day-to-day behaviors and contribute to undesired consequences. Further research is needed to explore whether this relationship warrants consideration in models of anxiety disorders.

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The Prospective IU subscale seems to be more related to GAD and OCD symptoms, while Inhibitory IU is more associated with symptoms of social phobia, panic disorder, PTSD, and depression.
“For example, the Prospective IU subscale seems to be more related to GAD and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, while Inhibitory IU is more associated with symptoms of social phobia, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. 10,11,14,15”
From Psychometric properties of the brazilian intolerance of uncertainty scale – short version (Ius-12) (2020) · cites this paper as [15]

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Kotsaris, V., & Azevedo, R. T. (2026) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2026.2736066

Self-reported intolerance of uncertainty and behavioural decisions
Carleton, R. N., Duranceau, S., Shulman, E. P., Zerff, M. R., Gonzales, J., & Mishra, S. (2015) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.12.004 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
The Role of Threat Level and Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) in Anxiety: An Experimental Test of IU Theory
Oglesby, M. E., & Schmidt, N. B. (2017) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.01.005 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The influence of uncertainty and intolerance of uncertainty on anxiety
Chen, S., Yao, N., & Qian, M. (2018) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2018.06.005 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Untitled work
Zhang, X., Wang, L., Zhang, Z., Yang, L., Peng, J., Wang, X., & Wu, H. (2023) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.11886/scjsws20221122001
Behavioral Measurement of Intolerance of Uncertainty in Anxiety Disorders
Jacoby, R. J. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/qwgs-ev68

Authors: Thibodeau, M. A., Carleton, R. N., Gómez-Pérez, L., & Asmundson, G. J. G.
Affiliations: University of Regina (CA)
ORCID: Carleton, R. Nicholas
Asmundson, Gordon J.G.
Venue: Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2013-09
Volume: 201
Issue: 9
Pages: 760-766
ISSN: 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0b013e3182a21298
OpenAlex: W2073875405
Cited by: 48
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 4.06
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Canadian Institutes of Health Research (113434)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: intolerance of uncertainty, typing speed, inhibitory intolerance of uncertainty, trait anxiety, state anxiety, negative affect, heart rate, skin conductance, anxiety disorders
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Arousal, Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychomotor Performance, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reaction Time, Self-Assessment, Uncertainty, Young Adult

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“What If I Make a Mistake?”: Intolerance of Uncertainty Is Associated With Poor Behavioral Performance

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