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Cited by 82Vitamin D Research StudiesAutism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild Nutrition and Feeding Issues

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in Chinese children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Gong, Zi-Li, Luo, Chun-Mei, Wang, Li, Shen, Lin, Wei, Fei, Tong, Rong-Jong, Liu, Yong·2014·NeuroReport
DOI 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000034
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Abstract

In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] relative to healthy controls. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum 25(OH) D levels in Chinese children with ASD. From January 2012 to December 2012, consecutive patients with ASD admitted to the Department of Neurology were identified. Clinical information was collected. Serum levels of 25(OH) D were measured at baseline. ASD severity was assessed at admission using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale total score. The results indicated that the mean serum 25(OH) D levels were significantly lower in autistic children as compared with normal cases (P=0.002). There was a significant negative relationship between circulating serum 25(OH) D levels and the severity of autism evaluated according to Childhood Autism Rating Scale Scores (P=0.000), after adjustment for the possible covariates such as age, sex, BMI, serum levels of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium, and seasons. After adjusting for all other possible covariates, 25(OH) D levels that remained can be seen as an independent predictor of ASD with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.37). These results indicate that lower 25(OH) D levels may be independently associated with severity of ASD among Chinese patients, and lower serum 25(OH) D levels could be considered as an independent risk factor for ASD.

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Crossref · 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000034

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  • Of 14 studies, nine reported significant differences in 25(OH)D concentrations between cases and controls, one borderline difference, and four found no significant differences among study groups.

    “Of 14 studies, nine reported significant differences in 25(OH)D concentrations between cases and controls [78,81,108,109,110,111,112,117,118], one borderline difference [114], and four found no significant differences among study groups [79,113,115,116].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [112]

  • Gong et al. (2013) reported a larger proportion of children with ASD having 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nmol/L as compared to healthy controls (58% vs. 33%, p = 0.01).

    “Examining both cases and controls for autistic-like features, Gong et al. (2013) reported a larger proportion of children with ASD having 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nmol/L as compared to healthy controls (58% vs. 33%, respectively p = 0.01) [112].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [112]

  • Gong et al. found that autism severity measured by CARS negatively correlated with 25(OH)D concentrations (r = −0.4, p < 0.001) while controlling for several covariates including age, sex, season, magnesium, BMI, calcium and phosphate.

    “Autism severity—measured by Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)—negatively correlated with 25(OH)D concentrations (r = −0.4, p < 0.001) while controlling for several covariates including age, sex, season, magnesium, BMI, calcium and phosphate.”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [112]

  • Gong et al. found that when vitamin D status of study groups was compared according to the four seasons, children with ASD had lower summer 25(OH)D concentrations than controls (p = 0.02).

    “When vitamin D status of study groups was compared according to the four seasons, children with ASD had lower summer 25(OH)D concentrations than controls (p = 0.02).”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [112]

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Authors
Gong, Z.-L., Luo, C.-M., Wang, L., Shen, L., Wei, F., Tong, R.-J., & Liu, Y.
Affiliations
  • Neurology, Inc (US)
  • Beijing Children’s Hospital (CN)
Corresponding author
Liu, Yong
ORCID
Venue
NeuroReport
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2014-01-08
Volume
25
Issue
1
Pages
23-27
ISSN
0959-4965 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/wnr.0000000000000034
OpenAlex
W2066230598
Cited by
82
References
26
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2012: 1
FWCI
6.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neuroreport (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D deficiency, serum vitamin D levels, autism severity, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Chinese children
MeSH terms
Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Vitamin D

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