Cited by 109Neuroscience and Neural EngineeringVagus Nerve Stimulation ResearchMuscle activation and electromyography studies

Inversion of the current-distance relationship by transient depolarization

Grill, W.M., Mortimer, J.T.·1997·IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering

Abstract

The objective of this research was to develop a technique to excite selectively nerve fibers distant from an electrode without exciting nerve fibers close to the electrode. The shape of the stimulus current waveform was designed based on the nonlinear conductance properties of neuronal sodium channel. Models of mammalian peripheral myelinated axons and experimental measurements on cat sciatic nerve were used to determine the effects of subthreshold polarization on neural excitability and recruitment. Subthreshold membrane depolarization generated a transient decrease in neural excitability and thus an increase in the threshold for stimulation by a subsequent stimulus pulse. The decrease in excitability increased as the duration and amplitude of the subthreshold depolarization were increased, and the increase in threshold was greater for fibers close to the electrode. When a depolarizing stimulus pulse was applied immediately after the subthreshold depolarization, nerve fibers far from the electrode could be stimulated without stimulating fibers close to the electrode. Subthreshold depolarizing prepulses inverted the current-distance relationship and allowed selective stimulation of nerve fibers far from the electrode.

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Crossref · 10.1109/10.553708

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Authors
Grill, W. M., & Mortimer, J. T.
Affiliations
Case Western Reserve University (US)
Venue
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Published
1997
Volume
44
Issue
1
Pages
1-9
ISSN
0018-9294 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2124825606
Cited by
109
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
FWCI
1.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (N01-NS-3-2300)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
Keywords
subthreshold depolarization, prepulse inhibition, sciatic nerve, neuronal excitability, stimulation threshold, nerve conduction
MeSH terms
Animals, Cats, Computer Simulation, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Membrane Potentials, Models, Neurological, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Ranvier's Nodes

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