Security and Privacy for 6G: A Survey on Prospective Technologies and Challenges
Open accessAbstract
Sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks will have to cope with diverse threats on a space-air-ground integrated network environment, novel technologies, and an accessible user information explosion. However, for now, security and privacy issues for 6G remain largely in concept. This survey provides a systematic overview of security and privacy issues based on prospective technologies for 6G in the physical, connection, and service layers, as well as through lessons learned from the failures of existing security architectures and state-of-the-art defenses. Two key lessons learned are as follows. First, other than inheriting vulnerabilities from the previous generations, 6G has new threat vectors from new radio technologies, such as the exposed location of radio stripes in ultra-massive MIMO systems at Terahertz bands and attacks against pervasive intelligence. Second, physical layer protection, deep network slicing, quantum-safe communications, artificial intelligence (AI) security, platform-agnostic security, real-time adaptive security, and novel data protection mechanisms such as distributed ledgers and differential privacy are the top promising techniques to mitigate the attack magnitude and personal data breaches substantially.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
"Why Should I Trust You?": Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifier
Ribeiro, M. T., Singh, S., & Guestrin, C. (2016) · Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining · doi:10.1145/2939672.2939778 · Cited by 17,555 · see citing works
“Why Should I Trust You?”: Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifier
Ribeiro, M., Singh, S., & Guestrin, C. (2016) · Proceedings of the 2016 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Demonstrations · doi:10.18653/v1/n16-3020 · Cited by 6,682 · see citing works
A Vision of 6G Wireless Systems: Applications, Trends, Technologies, and Open Research Problems
Saad, W., Bennis, M., & Chen, M. (2020) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.001.1900287 · Cited by 4,985 · see citing works
Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided Wireless Communications: A Tutorial
Wu, Q., Zhang, S., Zheng, B., You, C., & Zhang, R. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2021.3051897 · Cited by 3,023 · see citing works
Rappaport, T. S., Xing, Y., Kanhere, O., Ju, S., Madanayake, A., Mandal, S., Alkhateeb, A., & Trichopoulos, G. C. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2921522 · Cited by 2,617 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Given the spectrum at lower frequencies in earlier generations of networks no longer applied/used, besides using compatible frequencies (6G mmWave), 6G will explore new high-frequency spectrum and photonic signals (300GHz-3THz) [2], [11], [80] for native 6G communications (6G THz).”
Background6G Wireless Networks: Vision, Requirements, Architecture, and Key Technologies
Zhang, Z., Xiao, Y., Ma, Z., Xiao, M., Ding, Z., Lei, X., Karagiannidis, G. K., & Fan, P. (2019) · IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine · doi:10.1109/mvt.2019.2921208 · Cited by 2,575 · see citing works
Federated Learning in Mobile Edge Networks: A Comprehensive Survey
Lim, W. Y. B., Luong, N. C., Hoang, D. T., Jiao, Y., Liang, Y.-C., Yang, Q., Niyato, D., & Miao, C. (2020) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2020.2986024 · Cited by 2,565 · see citing works
Power-Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) in 5G Systems: Potentials and Challenges
Islam, S. M. R., Avazov, N., Dobre, O. A., & Kwak, K.-S. (2017) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2016.2621116 · Cited by 2,458 · see citing works
The Roadmap to 6G: AI Empowered Wireless Networks
Letaief, K. B., Chen, W., Shi, Y., Zhang, J., & Zhang, Y.-J. A. (2019) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2019.1900271 · Cited by 2,207 · see citing works
Advances in quantum cryptography
Pirandola, S., Andersen, U. L., Banchi, L., Berta, M., Bunandar, D., Colbeck, R., Englund, D., Gehring, T., Lupo, C., Ottaviani, C., et al. (2020) · Advances in Optics and Photonics · doi:10.1364/aop.361502 · Cited by 2,033 · see citing works
NTRU: A ring-based public key cryptosystem
Hoffstein, J., Pipher, J., & Silverman, J. H. (1998) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/bfb0054868 · Cited by 1,947 · see citing works
Enhancing security and privacy in biometrics-based authentication systems
Ratha, N., Connell, J. H., & Bolle, R. M. (2001) · IBM Systems Journal · doi:10.1147/sj.403.0614 · Cited by 1,688 · see citing works
6G Wireless Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities
Tataria, H., Shafi, M., Molisch, A. F., Döhler, M., Sjöland, H., & Tufvesson, F. (2021) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2021.3061701 · Cited by 1,615 · see citing works
Advances in Quantum Cryptography
Pirandola, S., Andersen, U. L., Banchi, L., Berta, M., Bunandar, D., Colbeck, R., Englund, D., Gehring, T., Lupo, C., Ottaviani, C., et al. (2019) · White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · Cited by 1,566 · see citing works
Holographic MIMO Surfaces for 6G Wireless Networks: Opportunities, Challenges, and Trends
Huang, C., Hu, S., Alexandropoulos, G. C., Zappone, A., Yuen, C., Zhang, R., Renzo, M. D., & Debbah, M. A. (2020) · IEEE Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/mwc.001.1900534 · Cited by 1,347 · see citing works
Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile
Housley, R., Polk, W. T., Ford, W. S., & Solo, D. (2002) · doi:10.17487/rfc3280 · Cited by 1,306 · see citing works
Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces
Zhang, L., Chen, X. Q., Liu, S., Zhang, Q., Zhao, J., Dai, J. Y., Bai, G. D., Wan, X., Cheng, Q., Castaldi, G., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06802-0 · Cited by 1,306 · see citing works
Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network: A Survey
Liu, J., Shi, Y., Fadlullah, Z. M., & Kato, N. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2841996 · Cited by 1,281 · see citing works
Blockchain for internet of things: a survey
Dai, H.-N., Zheng, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2019) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2920987 · Cited by 1,246 · see citing works
Bernstein, D. J., & Lange, T. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature23461 · Cited by 1,242 · see citing works
A New Wireless Communication Paradigm through Software-Controlled Metasurfaces
Liaskos, C., Nie, S., Tsioliaridou, A., Pitsillides, A., Ioannidis, S., & Akyildiz, I. F. (2018) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2018.1700659 · Cited by 1,238 · see citing works
6G Wireless Communications: Vision and Potential Techniques
Yang, P., Xiao, Y., Xiao, M., & Li, S. (2019) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.2019.1800418 · Cited by 1,153 · see citing works
An integrated space-to-ground quantum communication network over 4,600 kilometres
Chen, Y.-A., Zhang, Q., Chen, T., Cai, W., Liao, S., Zhang, J., Chen, K., Yin, J., Ren, J.-G., Chen, Z., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03093-8 · Cited by 1,047 · see citing works
Network Intrusion Detection for IoT Security Based on Learning Techniques
Chaabouni, N., Mosbah, M., Zemmari, A., Sauvignac, C., & Faruki, P. (2019) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2896380 · Cited by 945 · see citing works
A Survey on Low Latency Towards 5G: RAN, Core Network and Caching Solutions
Parvez, I., Rahmati, A., Güvenç, İ., Sarwat, A. I., & Dai, H. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2841349 · Cited by 883 · see citing works
Security Challenges for the Public Cloud
Ren, K., Wang, C., & Wang, Q. (2012) · IEEE Internet Computing · doi:10.1109/mic.2012.14 · Cited by 850 · see citing works
Neshenko, N., Bou‐Harb, E., Crichigno, J., Kaddoum, G., & Ghani, N. (2019) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2910750 · Cited by 832 · see citing works
Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile
Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., et al. (2008) · Request for Comments · doi:10.17487/rfc5280 · Cited by 793 · see citing works
Deep Learning for Intelligent Wireless Networks: A Comprehensive Survey
Mao, Q., Hu, F., & Hao, Q. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2846401 · Cited by 789 · see citing works
Hamamreh, J. M., Furqan, H. M., & Arslan, H. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2878035 · Cited by 747 · see citing works
6G: Opening New Horizons for Integration of Comfort, Security, and Intelligence
Gui, G., Liu, M., Tang, F., Kato, N., & Adachi, F. (2020) · IEEE Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/mwc.001.1900516 · Cited by 733 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Chen, H., & Wang, L. (2016) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2016.2598968 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Enabling Massive IoT Toward 6G: A Comprehensive Survey
Guo, F., Yu, F. R., Zhang, H., Li, X., Ji, H., & Leung, V. C. M. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3063686 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Visible Light Communication in 6G: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects
Chi, N., Zhou, Y., Wei, Y., & Hu, F. (2020) · IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine · doi:10.1109/mvt.2020.3017153 · Cited by 696 · see citing works
Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Deep Learning
Ren, K., Zheng, T., Qin, Z., & Liu, X. (2020) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.012 · Cited by 678 · see citing works
Aldweesh, A., Derhab, A., & Emam, A. Z. (2019) · Knowledge-Based Systems · doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2019.105124 · Cited by 676 · see citing works
Enhancing the Physical Layer Security of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in Large-Scale Networks
Liu, Y., Qin, Z., Elkashlan, M., et al. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2017.2650987 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Future Intelligent and Secure Vehicular Network Toward 6G: Machine-Learning Approaches
Tang, F., Kawamoto, Y., Kato, N., & Liu, J. (2020) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2019.2954595 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Artificial-Intelligence-Enabled Intelligent 6G Networks
Yang, H., Alphones, A., Xiong, Z., Niyato, D. T., Zhao, J., & Wu, K. (2020) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.011.2000195 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Differential Privacy Techniques for Cyber Physical Systems: A Survey
Hassan, M. U., Rehmani, M. H., & Chen, J. (2020) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2944748 · Cited by 564 · see citing works
A survey of covert channels and countermeasures in computer network protocols
Zander, S., Armitage, G. J., & Branch, P. (2007) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2007.4317620 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Data Security and Privacy Protection for Cloud Storage: A Survey
Yang, P., Xiong, N. N., & Ren, J. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.3009876 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Security and eavesdropping in terahertz wireless links
Ma, J., Shrestha, R., Adelberg, J., Yeh, C.-Y., Hossain, Z., Knightly, E. W., Jornet, J. M., & Mittleman, D. M. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0609-x · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Federated learning for 6G communications: Challenges, methods, and future directions
Liu, Y., Yuan, X., Xiong, Z., Kang, J., Wang, X., & Niyato, D. (2020) · China Communications · doi:10.23919/jcc.2020.09.009 · Cited by 464 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In this way, distributed learning and federated learning [220], which can coordinate the learning process on millions of distributed devices (local FL models) to improve the quality of the centralized”
BackgroundKey drivers and research challenges for 6G ubiquitous wireless intelligence
Latva‐aho, M., Leppänen, K., Clazzer, F., & Munari, A. (2019) · elib (German Aerospace Center) · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Silver, D., Singh, S., Precup, D., & Sutton, R. S. (2021) · Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.artint.2021.103535 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
A Survey on Security and Privacy Issues in Edge-Computing-Assisted Internet of Things
Alwarafy, A., Al-Thelaya, K., Abdallah, M. M., Schneider, J., & Hamdi, M. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3015432 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Pseudonym Schemes in Vehicular Networks: A Survey
Petit, J., Schaub, F., Feiri, M., & Kargl, F. (2014) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2014.2345420 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Unsupervised Cross-Dataset Transfer Learning for Person Re-identification
Peng, P., Xiang, T., Wang, Y., Pontil, M., Gong, S., Huang, T., & Tian, Y. (2016) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.146 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
A study of the energy consumption characteristics of cryptographic algorithms and security protocols
Potlapally, N. R., Ravi, S., Raghunathan, A., & Jha, N. K. (2006) · IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing · doi:10.1109/tmc.2006.16 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
The Roadmap to 6G Security and Privacy
Porambage, P., Gür, G., Osorio, D. P. M., Liyanage, M., Gurtov, A., & Ylianttila, M. (2021) · IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society · doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2021.3078081 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
6G Technologies: Key Drivers, Core Requirements, System Architectures, and Enabling Technologies
Zong, B., Fan, C., Wang, X., Duan, X., Wang, B., & Wang, J. (2019) · IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine · doi:10.1109/mvt.2019.2921398 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
A Formal Analysis of 5G Authentication
Basin, D., Dreier, J., Hirschi, L., Radomirović, S., Sasse, R., & Stettler, V. (2018) · ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) · doi:10.1145/3243734.3243846 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
A Survey on Emerging SDN and NFV Security Mechanisms for IoT Systems
Farris, I., Taleb, T., Khettab, Y., & Song, J. (2019) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2862350 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Using the physical layer for wireless authentication in time-variant channels
Xiao, L., Greenstein, L. J., Mandayam, N. B., & Trappe, W. K. (2008) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2008.070194 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
The Road to 6G: Ten Physical Layer Challenges for Communications Engineers
Matthaiou, M., Yurduseven, O., Ngo, H. Q., Morales‐Jiménez, D., Cotton, S. L., & Fusco, V. (2021) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2000208 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Ahmad, I., Shahabuddin, S., Kumar, T., Okwuibe, J., Gurtov, A., & Ylianttila, M. (2019) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2916180 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Security and privacy in 6G networks: New areas and new challenges
Wang, M., Zhu, T., Zhang, T., Zhang, J., Yu, S., & Zhou, W. (2020) · Digital Communications and Networks · doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2020.07.003 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Wei, T., Feng, W., Chen, Y., et al. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3056091 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Survey on Multi-Access Edge Computing Security and Privacy
Ranaweera, P., Jurcut, A. D., & Liyanage, M. (2021) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2021.3062546 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Blockchain and Deep Reinforcement Learning Empowered Intelligent 5G Beyond
Dai, Y., Xu, D., Maharjan, S., Chen, Z., He, Q., & Zhang, Y. (2019) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.2019.1800376 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Artificial-Noise-Aided Secure MIMO Wireless Communications via Intelligent Reflecting Surface
Hong, S., Pan, C., Ren, H., Wang, K., & Nallanathan, A. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2020.3024621 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Fernández‐Caramés, T. M. (2019) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2958788 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
The ai-based cyber threat landscape: A survey
Kaloudi, N., & Li, J. (2021) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/3372823 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
A Survey of Physical-Layer Authentication in Wireless Communications
Xie, N., Li, Z., & Tan, H. (2020) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3042188 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
CloudID: Trustworthy cloud-based and cross-enterprise biometric identification
Haghighat, M., Zonouz, S., & Abdel-Mottaleb, M. S. (2015) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2015.06.025 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Security in SDN: A comprehensive survey
Correa Chica, J. C., Imbachi, J. C., & Botero Vega, J. F. (2020) · Journal of Network and Computer Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102595 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Chen, J.-P., Zhang, C., Liu, Y., Jiang, C., Zhang, W.-J., Han, Z.-Y., Ma, S.-Z., Hu, X.-L., Li, Y.-H., Liu, H., et al. (2021) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/s41566-021-00828-5 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Hybrid LiFi and WiFi Networks: A Survey
Wu, X. S., Soltani, M. D., Zhou, L., Safari, M., & Haas, H. (2021) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2021.3058296 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
General Data Protection Regulation
Alsenoy, B. V. (2019) · Intersentia eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781780688459.021 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Practical Attacks Against Privacy and Availability in 4G/LTE Mobile Communication Systems
Shaik, A., Borgaonkar, R., Asokan, N., et al. (2016) · Network and Distributed System Security Symposium · doi:10.14722/ndss.2016.23236 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
A Comprehensive Survey on Cooperative Relaying and Jamming Strategies for Physical Layer Security
Jameel, F., Wyne, S., Kaddoum, G., et al. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2865607 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
A Survey on Security Aspects for 3GPP 5G Networks
Cao, J. P., Ma, M., Li, H., et al. (2019) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2951818 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Securing Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communication Platforms
Hasan, M., Mohan, S., Shimizu, T., & Lu, H. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles · doi:10.1109/tiv.2020.2987430 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
A Survey of Moving Target Defenses for Network Security
Sengupta, S., Chowdhary, A., Sabur, A., Alshamrani, A., Huang, D., & Subbarao Kambhampati, B. (2020) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2020.2982955 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning Framework Based on Chained Secure Multiparty Computing
Li, Y., Zhou, Y., Jolfaei, A., Yu, D., Xu, G., & Zheng, X. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3022911 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
White Paper on Broadband Connectivity in 6G
Rajatheva, N., Atzeni, I., Björnson, E., Bourdoux, A., Buzzi, S., Doré, J., Erküçük, S., Fuentes, M., Guan, K., Hu, Y., et al. (2020) · e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.14247 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Deep Learning for RF Fingerprinting: A Massive Experimental Study
Jian, T., Rendon, B. C., Ojuba, E., et al. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Magazine · doi:10.1109/iotm.0001.1900065 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Lin, C., He, D., Huang, X., Kumar, N., & Choo, K. R. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2020.3002096 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Physical-Layer Security for MISO Visible Light Communication Channels
Mostafa, A., & Lampe, L. (2015) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2015.2432513 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
On cloud security attacks: A taxonomy and intrusion detection and prevention as a service
Iqbal, S., Kiah, M. L. M., Dhaghighi, B., et al. (2016) · Journal of Network and Computer Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2016.08.016 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Deep Learning-Based DDoS-Attack Detection for Cyber–Physical System Over 5G Network
Hussain, B., Du, Q., Sun, B., & Han, Z. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics · doi:10.1109/tii.2020.2974520 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
A Survey on Supply Chain Security: Application Areas, Security Threats, and Solution Architectures
Hassija, V., Chamola, V., Gupta, V., Jain, S., & Guizani, N. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3025775 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Terahertz Terabit Wireless Communication
Huang, K., & Wang, Z. (2011) · IEEE Microwave Magazine · doi:10.1109/mmm.2011.940596 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Deep Learning for Launching and Mitigating Wireless Jamming Attacks
Erpek, T., Sagduyu, Y. E., & Shi, Y. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking · doi:10.1109/tccn.2018.2884910 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Intelligent Resource Scheduling for 5G Radio Access Network Slicing
Yan, M., Feng, G., Zhou, J., Sun, Y., & Liang, Y. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2019.2922668 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Blockchain-enabled resource management and sharing for 6G communications
Xu, H., Klaine, P. V., Onireti, O., Cao, B., Imran, M. A., & Zhang, L. (2020) · Digital Communications and Networks · doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2020.06.002 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
The Security of Autonomous Driving: Threats, Defenses, and Future Directions
Ren, K., Wang, Q., Wang, C., Qin, Z., & Lin, X. (2019) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2019.2948775 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Traynor, P., Lin, M., Ongtang, M., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security · doi:10.1145/1653662.1653690 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Network Slicing: Recent Advances, Taxonomy, Requirements, and Open Research Challenges
Khan, L. U., Yaqoob, I., Tran, N. H. K., Han, Z., & Hong, C. S. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.2975072 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
LTEInspector: A Systematic Approach for Adversarial Testing of 4G LTE
Hussain, S. R., Chowdhury, O., Mehnaz, S., et al. (2018) · Network and Distributed System Security Symposium · doi:10.14722/ndss.2018.23313 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
When Machine Learning Meets Privacy in 6G: A Survey
Sun, Y., Liu, J., Wang, J., Cao, Y., & Kato, N. (2020) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3011561 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
A man-in-the-middle attack on UMTS
Meyer, U., & Wetzel, S. (2004) · doi:10.1145/1023646.1023662 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Differential Privacy for Industrial Internet of Things: Opportunities, Applications, and Challenges
Jiang, B., Li, J., Yue, G., & Song, H. H. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3057419 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
ECG Authentication for Mobile Devices
Arteaga-Falconi, J. S., Osman, H. A., & Saddik, A. E. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · doi:10.1109/tim.2015.2503863 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
6G: A comprehensive survey on technologies, applications, challenges, and research problems
Mahmoud, H., Amer, A. A., & Ismail, T. (2021) · Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies · doi:10.1002/ett.4233 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Learning-Aided Physical Layer Authentication as an Intelligent Process
Fang, H., Wang, X., & Hanzo, L. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2018.2881117 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Physical Layer Secret Key Generation in Static Environments
Aldaghri, N., & Mahdavifar, H. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.2974621 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
6G Architecture to Connect the Worlds
Ziegler, V., Viswanathan, H., Flinck, H., Hoffmann, M., Räisänen, V., & Hätönen, K. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.3025032 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Feng, W., Wang, J., & Quek, T. Q. S. (2021) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2021.3088692 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Privacy-Preserving Multiobjective Sanitization Model in 6G IoT Environments
Lin, J. C., Srivastava, G., Zhang, Y., Djenouri, Y., & Aloqaily, M. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3032896 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Secure Transmission for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted mmWave and Terahertz Systems
Qiao, J., & Alouini, M. (2020) · IEEE Wireless Communications Letters · doi:10.1109/lwc.2020.3003400 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
A Comprehensive Survey on the E2E 5G Network Slicing Model
Chahbar, M., Diaz, G., Dandoush, A., et al. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management · doi:10.1109/tnsm.2020.3044626 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Towards artificial intelligence enabled 6G: State of the art, challenges, and opportunities
Zhang, S., & Zhu, D. (2020) · Computer Networks · doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107556 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
NFV: Security Threats and Best Practices
Lal, S., Taleb, T., & Dutta, A. (2017) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2017.1600899 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
6G White Paper on Machine Learning in Wireless Communication NetworksPreprint
Ali, S., Saad, W., Rajatheva, N., Chang, K., Steinbach, D., Sliwa, B., Wietfeld, C., Mei, K., Shiri, H., Zepernick, H., et al. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.13875 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Privacy Attacks to the 4G and 5G Cellular Paging Protocols Using Side Channel Information
Hussain, S. R., Echeverria, M., Chowdhury, O., et al. (2019) · Network and Distributed System Security Symposium · doi:10.14722/ndss.2019.23442 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
A taxonomy of AI techniques for 6G communication networks
Sheth, K., Patel, K., Shah, H., Tanwar, S., Gupta, R., & Kumar, N. (2020) · Computer Communications · doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2020.07.035 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Weaponized AI for cyber attacks
Yamin, M. M., Ullah, M., Ullah, H., & Katt, B. (2021) · Journal of Information Security and Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2020.102722 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
A Comprehensive Survey of the Tactile Internet: State-of-the-Art and Research Directions
Promwongsa, N., Ebrahimzadeh, A., Naboulsi, D., Kianpisheh, S., Belqasmi, F., Glitho, R., Crespi, N., & Alfandi, O. (2020) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3025995 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Liu, H., Yang, J., Wang, Y., et al. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing · doi:10.1109/tmc.2014.2310747 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
White Paper on Critical and Massive Machine Type Communication Towards 6GPreprint
Mahmood, N. H., Böcker, S., Munari, A., Clazzer, F., Moerman, I., Mikhaylov, K., López, O. L. A., Park, O.-S., Mercier, E., Bartz, H., et al. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.14146 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Deep Learning Aided Grant-Free NOMA Toward Reliable Low-Latency Access in Tactile Internet of Things
Ye, N., Li, X., Yu, H., Wang, A., Liu, W., & Hou, X. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics · doi:10.1109/tii.2019.2895086 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Privacy enhancing technologies for solving the privacy-personalization paradox: Taxonomy and survey
Kaaniche, N., Laurent, M., & Belguith, S. (2020) · Journal of Network and Computer Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102807 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Ge, X., Yu, J., Zhang, H., et al. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing · doi:10.1109/tdsc.2019.2896258 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Blockchain-Empowered Framework for Decentralized Network Management in 6G
Maksymyuk, T., Gazda, J., Vološin, M., et al. (2020) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2000175 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Dabrowski, A., Pianta, N., Klepp, T., et al. (2014) · Annual Computer Security Applications Conference · doi:10.1145/2664243.2664272 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Privacy-Aware Blockchain Innovation for 6G: Challenges and Opportunities
Nguyen, T., Tran, N. H., Lovén, L., Partala, J., Kechadi, T., & Pirttikangas, S. (2020) · Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit) · doi:10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083832 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Survey on Threats and Attacks on Mobile Networks
Mavoungou, S., Kaddoum, G., Taha, M. M. I., et al. (2016) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2016.2601009 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Ten Trends in the Cellular Industry and an Outlook on 6G
Bi, Q. (2019) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.001.1900315 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
6G White Paper on Edge Intelligence
Peltonen, E., Bennis, M., Capobianco, M., Debbah, M., Ding, A., Gil-Castiñeira, F., Jurmu, M., Karvonen, T., Kelanti, M., Kliks, A., et al. (2020) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.14850 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Physical-Layer Authentication Using Multiple Channel-Based Features
Xie, N., Chen, J., & Huang, L. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2021.3054534 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Deep Neural Network-Based Active User Detection for Grant-Free NOMA Systems
Kim, W., Ahn, Y., & Shim, B. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2020.2969184 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Security and Protocol Exploit Analysis of the 5G Specifications
Jover, R. P., & Marojevic, V. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2899254 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
How Secure and Quick is QUIC? Provable Security and Performance Analyses
Lychev, R., Jero, S., Boldyreva, A., & Nita-Rotaru, C. (2015) · IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P) · doi:10.1109/sp.2015.21 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Comparative Analysis of Control Plane Security of SDN and Conventional Networks
Abdou, A., van Oorschot, P. C., & Wan, T. R. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2839348 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Smart Jamming Attacks in 5G New Radio: A Review
Arjoune, Y., & Faruque, S. (2020) · IEEE Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC) · doi:10.1109/ccwc47524.2020.9031175 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
5G NR Jamming, Spoofing, and Sniffing: Threat Assessment and Mitigation
Lichtman, M., Rao, R. M., Marojevic, V., et al. (2018) · IEEE International Conference on Communications workshops · doi:10.1109/iccw.2018.8403769 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
6G white paper: Research challenges for trust, security and privacy
Ylianttila, M., Kantola, R., Gurtov, A., Mucchi, L., Oppermann, I., Yan, Z., Nguyen, T. H., Liu, F., Hewa, T., Liyanage, M., et al. (2020) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.11665 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Privacy Enhancing Technologies in the Internet of Things: Perspectives and Challenges
Cha, S.-C., Hsu, T.-Y., Xiang, Y., & Yeh, K. (2018) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2878658 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Han, C., Huo, L., Tong, X., Wang, H., & Liu, X. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2982672 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
On Deep Reinforcement Learning for Traffic Engineering in SD-WAN
Troìa, S., Sapienza, F., Varè, L., & Maier, G. A. (2020) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2020.3041385 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
5G: Adaptable Networks Enabled by Versatile Radio Access Technologies
Sexton, C., Kaminski, N. J., Márquez-Barja, J. M., Marchetti, N., & DaSilva, L. A. (2017) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2017.2652495 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
On the Detection of Signaling DoS Attacks on 3G Wireless Networks
Lee, P. P. C., Bu, T., & Woo, T. (2007) · doi:10.1109/infcom.2007.153 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Partitioning attacks: or how to rapidly clone some GSM cards
Rao, J. R., Rohatgi, P., Scherzer, H., et al. (2005) · Proceedings - IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy/Proceedings of the ... IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy · doi:10.1109/secpri.2002.1004360 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
On Security Research Towards Future Mobile Network Generations
Rupprecht, D., Dabrowski, A., Holz, T., et al. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2820728 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Deep Hashing for Secure Multimodal Biometrics
Talreja, V., Valenti, M. C., & Nasrabadi, N. M. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3033189 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Device Association for RAN Slicing Based on Hybrid Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning
Liu, Y., Feng, G., Sun, Y., Qin, S., & Liang, Y. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.3033035 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Semantic-Aware Searching Over Encrypted Data for Cloud Computing
Fu, Z., Xia, L., Sun, X., Liu, A. X., & Xie, G. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2018.2819121 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Physical Layer Security: Authentication, Integrity, and Confidentiality
Shakiba-Herfeh, M., Chorti, A., & Poor, H. V. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55366-1_6 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Towards security in nano-communication: Challenges and opportunities
Dressler, F., & Kargl, F. (2012) · Nano Communication Networks · doi:10.1016/j.nancom.2012.08.001 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Ferrag, M. A., Maglaras, L. A., & Derhab, A. (2019) · Security and Communication Networks · doi:10.1155/2019/5452870 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The General Data Protection Regulation
Politou, E., Alepis, E., Virvou, M. K., & Patsakis, C. (2021) · Learning and analytics in intelligent systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85443-0_3 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Mitigating Attacks on Open Functionality in SMS-Capable Cellular Networks
Traynor, P., Enck, W., McDaniel, P. D., et al. (2008) · IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking · doi:10.1109/tnet.2008.925939 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Pilot Spoofing Attack Detection and Countermeasure
TUGNAIT, J. K. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2018.2797989 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Stacked Autoencoder-Based Intrusion Detection System to Combat Financial Fraudulent
Muhammad, G., Hossain, M. S., & Garg, S. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3041184 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
GUTI Reallocation Demystified: Cellular Location Tracking with Changing Temporary Identifier
Hong, B., Bae, S., & Kim, Y. (2018) · Network and Distributed System Security Symposium · doi:10.14722/ndss.2018.23349 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
A System-Driven Taxonomy of Attacks and Defenses in Adversarial Machine Learning
Sadeghi, K., Banerjee, A., & Gupta, S. K. S. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tetci.2020.2968933 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
When Machine Learning Meets Wireless Cellular Networks: Deployment, Challenges, and Applications
Challita, U., Rydén, H., & Tullberg, H. (2020) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.001.1900664 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Insecurity of Voice Solution VoLTE in LTE Mobile Networks
Li, C.-Y., Tu, G.-H., Peng, C., et al. (2015) · ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) · doi:10.1145/2810103.2813618 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Evaluation of the Time Stability and Uniqueness in PPG-Based Biometric System
Hwang, D. Y., Taha, B., Lee, D. S., & Hatzinakos, D. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3006313 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Secure and Personalized Edge Computing Services in 6G Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks
Hui, Y., Cheng, N., Su, Z., Huang, Y., Zhao, P., Luan, T. H., & Li, C. (2022) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3065970 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Security and Privacy in Molecular Communication and Networking: Opportunities and Challenges
Loscrì, V., Marchal, C., Mitton, N., et al. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience · doi:10.1109/tnb.2014.2349111 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
van den Broek, F., Verdult, R., & de Ruiter, J. (2015) · ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) · doi:10.1145/2810103.2813615 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Secret Key Generation
Lu, X., Lei, J., Shi, Y., et al. (2021) · IEEE Signal Processing Letters · doi:10.1109/lsp.2021.3061301 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Energy Depletion Attacks in Low Power Wireless Networks
Nguyen, V.-L., Lin, P.-C., & Hwang, R.-H. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2911424 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationCovert Wireless Communication in IoT Network: From AWGN Channel to THz Band
Liu, Z., Liu, J., Zeng, Y., et al. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2968153 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Group Secret Key Generation in Wireless Networks: Algorithms and Rate Optimization
Xu, P., Cumanan, K., Ding, Z., Dai, X., & Leung, K. K. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2016.2553643 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Ayala‐Romero, J. A., García‐Saavedra, A., Gramaglia, M., Costa‐Pérez, X., Banchs, A., & Alcaraz, J. J. (2019) · ACM Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom) · doi:10.1145/3300061.3345431 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Comparison of Statistical and Machine Learning Techniques for Physical Layer Authentication
Senigagliesi, L., Baldi, M., & Gambi, E. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3033454 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Chen, J., Chen, J., & Zhang, H. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management · doi:10.1109/tnsm.2021.3055494 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
A Study on the Security Implications of Information Leakages in Container Clouds
Gao, X., Steenkamer, B., Gu, Z., et al. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing · doi:10.1109/tdsc.2018.2879605 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
IMP4GT: IMPersonation Attacks in 4G NeTworks
Rupprecht, D., Kohls, K. S., Holz, T., et al. (2020) · Network and Distributed System Security Symposium · doi:10.14722/ndss.2020.24283 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
BED: A New Data Set for EEG-Based Biometrics
Arnau‐González, P., Katsigiannis, S., Arevalillo‐Herráez, M., & Ramzan, N. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3061727 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
A 6G White Paper on Connectivity for Remote Areas
Saarnisaari, H., Dixit, S., Alouini, M., et al. (2020) · e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.14699 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Enhancing Misbehavior Detection in 5G Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications
Nguyen, V.-L., Lin, P., & Hwang, R. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2975822 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationKim, H., Kim, D., Kwon, M., et al. (2015) · ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) · doi:10.1145/2810103.2813718 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Version 3 (HTTP/3)
Bishop, M. (2020) · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Quantum-Safe Cryptography and Security
Rawal, B. S., & Peter, A. (2022) · Blockchain technologies · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3412-3_2 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Securing the Industrial-Tactile Internet of Things With Deterministic Silicon Photonics Switches
Szymanski, T. H. (2016) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2016.2613512 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Pilot Contamination Attack and Its Countermeasure
Huang, K.-W., & Wang, H. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/twc.2020.3024808 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning Based on Multiparty Secure Computation: A Survey
Zhang, Q., Xin, C., & Wu, H. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3058638 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Cyber Security Threats and Challenges in Collaborative Mixed-Reality
Happa, J., Glencross, M., & Steed, A. J. (2019) · Frontiers in ICT · doi:10.3389/fict.2019.00005 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Experimental quantum homomorphic encryption
Zeuner, J., Pitsios, I., Tan, S.-H., Sharma, A. N., Fitzsimons, J. F., Osellame, R., & Walther, P. J. (2021) · npj Quantum Information · doi:10.1038/s41534-020-00340-8 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Cooperative Jamming for Secure Transmission With Both Active and Passive Eavesdroppers
Si, J., Cheng, Z., Li, Z., et al. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2020.3003946 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
5G network slicing with QKD and quantum-safe security
Wright, P. B., White, C., Parker, R. C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Optical Communications and Networking · doi:10.1364/jocn.413918 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Dynamic Traffic Management for SD-WAN Inter-Cloud Communication
Duliński, Z., Stankiewicz, R., Rzym, G., et al. (2020) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2020.2986957 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Physical Layer Security for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Two–Way Communications
Wijewardena, M., Samarasinghe, T., Hemachandra, K. T., et al. (2021) · IEEE Communications Letters · doi:10.1109/lcomm.2021.3068102 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Pilot Contamination Attack Detection for 5G MmWave Grant-Free IoT Networks
Wang, N., Li, W., Alipour-Fanid, A., et al. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3017932 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Ma, Y., Dai, H., & Wang, H. H. (2020) · Computer Networks · doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107743 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Taleb, T., Aguiar, R. L., Yahia, I. G. B., et al. (2020) · Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Physical-Layer Security With Optical Generalized Space Shift Keying
Panayırcı, E., Yeşilkaya, A., Cogalan, T., et al. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2020.2969867 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Toward Secure and Lightweight Access Authentication in SAGINs
Yao, S. F., Guan, J., Wu, Y., et al. (2020) · IEEE Wireless Communications · doi:10.1109/mwc.001.2000132 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Born-Again Tree EnsemblesPreprint
Vidal, T., Pacheco, T., & Schiffer, M. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2003.11132 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
On Pilot Spoofing Attack in Massive MIMO Systems: Detection and Countermeasure
Xu, W., Chang, Y., Xu, S., et al. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3036805 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
ContainerGuard: A Real-Time Attack Detection System in Container-Based Big Data Platform
Wang, Y., Wang, Q., Chen, X., et al. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics · doi:10.1109/tii.2020.3047416 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Bär, A., Löhdefink, J., Kapoor, N., Varghese, S., Hüger, F., Schlicht, P., & Fingscheidt, T. (2020) · IEEE Signal Processing Magazine · doi:10.1109/msp.2020.2983666 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
A Two-Timescale Approach for Network Slicing in C-RAN
Zhang, H., & Wong, V. W. S. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2985289 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Detection of Pilot Contamination Attack based on Uncoordinated Frequency Shifts
Zhang, W., Lin, H. F., & Zhang, R. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1109/tcomm.2018.2791535 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Call Me Maybe: Eavesdropping Encrypted {LTE} Calls With ReVoLTE
Rupprecht, D., Kohls, K. S., Holz, T., & Pöpper, C. (2020) · USENIX Security Symposium · Cited by 40 · see citing works
MFFFLD: A Multimodal-Feature-Fusion-Based Fingerprint Liveness Detection
Yuan, C., Jiao, S., Sun, X., et al. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems · doi:10.1109/tcds.2021.3062624 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Decentralized Public Key Infrastructures atop Blockchain
Li, Y., Yu, Y. H., Lou, C., Guizani, N., & Wang, L. (2020) · IEEE Network · doi:10.1109/mnet.011.2000085 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Artificial Noise-Aided MIMO Physical Layer Authentication With Imperfect CSI
Perazzone, J. B., Yu, P. L., Sadler, B. M., et al. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2021.3050599 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Molecular Physical Layer for 6G in Wave-Denied Environments
Guo, W., Abbaszadeh, M., Lin, L., Charmet, J., Thomas, P. J., Wei, Z., Li, B., & Zhao, C. (2021) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2000958 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Physical Layer Security for NOMA: Requirements, Merits, Challenges, and RecommendationsPreprint
Furqan, H. M., Hamamreh, J. M., & Arslan, H. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.05064 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Towards Ubiquitous AI in 6G with Federated LearningPreprint
Xiao, Y. L., Shi, G., & Krunz, M. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.13563 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Physical Layer Secure MIMO Communications Against Eavesdroppers With Arbitrary Number of Antennas
Tang, J., Jiao, L., Zeng, K., et al. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3015548 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Let me answer that for you: exploiting broadcast information in cellular networks
Golde, N., Redon, K., & Seifert, J. (2013) · USENIX Security Symposium · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Physical-Layer Authentication in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Systems
Xie, N., Zhang, S., & Liu, A. X. (2020) · IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking · doi:10.1109/tnet.2020.2979058 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Physical Layer Security for MISO NOMA VLC System Under Eavesdropper Collusion
Hao, P., Wang, Z., Han, S., et al. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3078803 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- [19][19] M. Hasan, S. Mohan, T. Shimizu, and H. Lu, 'Securing vehicle-toeverything (v2x) communication platforms,' IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles , vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 693-713, 2020. -
- [43][43] A. Alwarafy, K. A. Al-Thelaya, M. Abdallah, J. Schneider, and M. Hamdi, 'A survey on security and privacy issues in edge-computingassisted internet of things,' IEEE Internet of Things Journal , vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 4004-4022, 2021. -
- [45][45] P. Wright, C. White, R. C. Parker, J. S. Pegon, M. Menchetti, J. Pearse, A. Bahrami, A. Moroz, A. Wonfor, R. V. Penty, T. P. Spiller, and A. Lord, '5g network slicing with qkd and quantumsafe security,' IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking , vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 33-40, 2021. -
- [134][134] W. Guo, M. Abbaszadeh, L. Lin, J. Charmet, P. Thomas, Z. Wei, B. Li, and C. Zhao, 'Molecular physical layer for 6g in wavedenied environments,' IEEE Communications Magazine , vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 33-39, 2021. -
- [152][152] T. M. Fern´ andez-Caram´ es, 'From pre-quantum to post-quantum iot security: A survey on quantum-resistant cryptosystems for the internet of things,' IEEE Internet of Things Journal , vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 64576480, 2020. -
- [190][190] P. Arnau-Gonz´ alez, S. Katsigiannis, M. Arevalillo-Herr´ aez, and N. Ramzan, 'Bed: A new dataset for eeg-based biometrics,' IEEE Internet of Things Journal , pp. 1-1, 2021 (early access). -
- [207][207] N. Kaloudi and J. Li, 'The AI-based cyber threat landscape,' ACM Computing Surveys , vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 1-34, 2020. -
- [217][217] J. A. Ayala-Romero, A. Garcia-Saavedra, M. Gramaglia, X. CostaP´ erez, A. Banchs, and J. J. Alcaraz, 'Vrain: A deep learning approach tailoring computing and radio resources in virtualized rans,' in The 25th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking , MobiCom '19, (New York, NY, USA), Association for Computing Machinery, 2019. -
- [225][225] P. Peng, T. Xiang, Y. Wang, M. Pontil, S. Gong, T. Huang, and Y. Tian, 'Unsupervised cross-dataset transfer learning for person reidentification,' in 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) , pp. 1306-1315, 2016. -
- [234][234] M. P. Stoecklin, 'Deeplocker: How ai can power a stealthy new breed of malware,' Security Intelligence , vol. 8, 2018. -
- [246][246] H. Xu, P. V. Klaine, O. Onireti, B. Cao, and M. Imrana, 'Blockchainenabled resource management and sharing for 6g communications,' Digital Communications and Networks , vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 261-269, 2020. -
- [249][249] Y. Rahulamathavan, S. Dogan, X. Shi, R. Lu, M. Rajarajan, and A. Kondoz, 'Scalar product lattice computation for efficient privacypreserving systems,' IEEE Internet of Things Journal , vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1417-1427, 2021. -
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Review of Trustworthy and Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
Chamola, V., Hassija, V., Sulthana, A. R., Ghosh, D., Dhingra, D., & Sikdar, B. (2023) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2023.3294569 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
“…The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Zijian Zhang . smart assistants, recommendation engines, disease detection, or automated robots, people’s lives are greatly influenced by AI breakthroughs in a variety of sectors [3], [4], [5], [6].”
BackgroundQuy, V. K., Chehri, A., Quy, N. M., Han, N. D., & Ban, N. T. (2023) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2023.3269297 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Toward immersive communications in 6G
Shen, X. (., Gao, J., Li, M., Zhou, C., Hu, S., He, M., & Zhuang, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2022.1068478 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Quantum secured 6G technology-based applications in Internet of Everything
Prateek, K., Ojha, N. K., Altaf, F., & Maity, S. (2023) · Telecommunication Systems · doi:10.1007/s11235-022-00979-y · Cited by 45 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nguyen, V.-L., Lin, P.-C., Cheng, B.-C., Hwang, R.-H., & Lin, Y.-D.
- Affiliations
- Thai Nguyen University of Information and Communication Technology (VN)
- National Chung Cheng University (TW)
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (TW)
- Venue
- IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
- Published
- 2021
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2384-2428
- ISSN
- 1553-877X (ISSN-L)
- 2373-745X
- OpenAlex
- W3195333310
- Cited by
- 515
- References
- 224
- Citations by year
- 2026: 79 · 2025: 138 · 2024: 131 · 2023: 114 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 33.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Cybersecurity and Information Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Wireless Communication Security Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies
- Keywords
- 6G, network security, privacy, space-air-ground integrated networks, ultra-massive MIMO, terahertz communication, physical layer security, network slicing, quantum-safe communication, AI security, distributed ledger technology, differential privacy, data breaches
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
