Substantial skeletal muscle loss occurs during only 5 days of disuse
Open accessAbstract
AIM: The impact of disuse on the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength has been well documented. Given that most studies have investigated muscle atrophy after more than 2 weeks of disuse, few data are available on the impact of shorter periods of disuse. We assessed the impact of 5 and 14 days of disuse on skeletal muscle mass, strength and associated intramuscular molecular signalling responses. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy, young (23 ± 1 year) males were subjected to either 5 (n = 12) or 14 (n = 12) days of one-legged knee immobilization using a full leg cast. Before and immediately after the immobilization period, quadriceps muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), leg lean mass and muscle strength were assessed, and biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis. RESULTS: Quadriceps muscle CSA declined from baseline by 3.5 ± 0.5 (P < 0.0001) and 8.4 ± 2.8% (P < 0.001), leg lean mass was reduced by 1.4 ± 0.7 (P = 0.07) and 3.1 ± 0.7% (P < 0.01) and strength was decreased by 9.0 ± 2.3 (P < 0.0001) and 22.9 ± 2.6% (P < 0.001) following 5 and 14 days of immobilization respectively. Muscle myostatin mRNA expression doubled following immobilization (P < 0.05) in both groups, while the myostatin precursor isoform protein content decreased after 14 days only (P < 0.05). Muscle MAFBx mRNA expression increased from baseline by a similar magnitude following either 5 or 14 days of disuse, whereas MuRF1 mRNA expression had increased significantly only after 5 days. CONCLUSION: We conclude that even short periods of muscle disuse can cause substantial loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength and are accompanied by an early catabolic molecular signalling response.
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“Because the absolute factory size is significantly reduced, senescent muscle fibers are unable to mount a rapid, high-volume synthetic response when faced with metabolic stress, rendering the tissue highly vulnerable to catabolic crises (e.g., brief periods of bed rest) [104,105].”
- Authors
- Wall, B. T., Dirks, M. L., Snijders, T., Senden, J. M. G., Dolmans, J., & van Loon, L. J. C.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Department of Human Movement Sciences NUTRIM School for Nutrition Toxicology and Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht the Netherlands
- Venue
- Acta Physiologica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-12-05
- Volume
- 210
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 600-611
- ISSN
- 1748-1708 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-1716
- OpenAlex
- W2053533379
- Cited by
- 346
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 7.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Acta Physiologica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (submittedVersion)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- muscle disuse, skeletal muscle atrophy, muscle mass loss, muscle strength, knee immobilization, quadriceps, muscle cross-sectional area, lean body mass, myostatin, atrogin-1, MuRF1, ubiquitin ligase, muscle catabolism, molecular signalling, vastus lateralis
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Knee Joint, Leg, Male, Muscle Proteins, Muscular Atrophy, Restraint, Physical, RNA, Messenger, Blotting, Western, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Strength, Young Adult
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