Does Mindfulness‐Based Cognitive Therapy for Migraine Reduce Migraine‐Related Disability in People with Episodic and Chronic Migraine? A Phase 2b Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Open accessAbstract
Objective: The current Phase 2b study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for migraine (MBCT‐M) to reduce migraine‐related disability in people with migraine. Background: Mindfulness‐based interventions represent a promising avenue to investigate effects in people with migraine. MBCT teaches mindfulness meditation and cognitive‐behavioral skills and directly applies these skills to address disease‐related cognitions. Methods: Participants with migraine (6‐30 headache days/month) were recruited from neurology office referrals and local and online advertisements in the broader New York City area. During the 30‐day baseline period, all participants completed a daily headache diary. Participants who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized in a parallel design, stratified by chronic migraine status, to receive either 8 weekly individual MBCT‐M sessions or 8 weeks of waitlist/treatment as usual (WL/TAU). All participants completed surveys including primary outcome evaluations at Months 0, 1, 2, and 4. All participants completed a headache diary during the 30‐day posttreatment evaluation period. Primary outcomes were the change from Month 0 to Month 4 in the headache disability inventory (HDI) and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) (total score ≥ 21 indicating severe disability); secondary outcomes (headache days/30 days, average headache attack pain intensity, and attack‐level migraine‐related disability [Migraine Disability Index (MIDI)]) were derived from the daily headache diary. Results: Sixty participants were randomized to receive MBCT‐M (n = 31) or WL/TAU (n = 29). Participants (M age = 40.1, SD = 11.7) were predominantly White (n = 49/60; 81.7%) and Non‐Hispanic (N = 50/60; 83.3%) women (n = 55/60; 91.7%) with a graduate degree (n = 35/60; 55.0%) who were working full‐time (n = 38/60; 63.3%). At baseline, the average HDI score (51.4, SD = 19.0) indicated a moderate level of disability and the majority of participants (50/60, 83.3%) fell in the “Severe Disability” range in the MIDAS. Participants recorded an average of 16.0 (SD = 5.9) headache days/30 days, with an average headache attack pain intensity of 1.7 on a 4‐point scale (SD = 0.3), indicating moderate intensity. Average levels of daily disability reported on the MIDI were 3.1/10 (SD = 1.8). For the HDI, mean scores decreased more from Month 0 to Month 4 in the MBCT‐M group (−14.3) than the waitlist/treatment as an usual group (−0.2; P < .001). For the MIDAS, the group*month interaction was not significant when accounting for the divided alpha, P = .027; across all participants in both groups, the estimated proportion of participants falling in the “Severe Disability” category fell significantly from 88.3% at Month 0 to 66.7% at Month 4, P < .001. For diary‐reported headache days/30 days an average headache attack pain intensity, neither the group*month interaction ( P s = .773 and .888, respectively) nor the time effect ( P s = .059 and .428, respectively) was significant. Mean MIDI scores decreased in the MBCT‐M group (−0.6/10), whereas they increased in the waitlist/treatment as an usual group (+0.3/10), P = .007. Conclusions: MBCT‐M demonstrated efficacy to reduce headache‐related disability and attack‐level migraine‐related disability. MBCT‐M is a promising emerging treatment for addressing migraine‐related disability.
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Recent clinical trials of mindfulness for migraine have yielded promising results.
“Recent clinical trials of mindfulness interventions in patients with migraine are promising.2, 7, 8”
From Mechanisms of mindfulness in patients with migraine: Results of a qualitative study. (2023) · cites this paper as [7]
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Self-citationMindfulness in migraine: A narrative review
Wells, R. E., Seng, E. K., Edwards, R. R., Victorson, D. E., Pierce, C. R., Rosenberg, L., Napadow, V., & Schuman-Olivier, Z. (2020) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2020.1715212 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“Seng et al. [79] conducted a two-arm parallel randomized clinical trial (YQRS = 31) comparing individualized MBCT for migraine protocol to wait-list/treatment as usual for adults (n = 60) with 6–30 days/month of migraine [stratified by episodic migraine (< 15 headache days/month) n = 29; and chronic migraine (≥ 15 day…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationMinen, M. T., Adhikari, S., Padikkala, J., Tasneem, S., Bagheri, A., Goldberg, E., Powers, S. W., & Lipton, R. B. (2020) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14010 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationBehavioral Interventions for Migraine
Pérez-Muñoz, A., Buse, D. C., & Andrasik, F. (2019) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.07.003 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationHeadache in people with epilepsy
Bauer, P. R., Tolner, E. A., Keezer, M. R., Ferrari, M. D., & Sander, J. W. A. S. (2021) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-021-00516-6 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Langenbahn, D. M., Matsuzawa, Y. K., Lee, Y. S. C., Fraser, F., Penzien, D. B., Simon, N. M., Lipton, R. B., & Minen, M. T. (2021) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06539-x · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationBehavioral interventions for migraine prevention: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Treadwell, J. R., Tsou, A. Y., Rouse, B., Ivlev, I., Fricke, J., Buse, D. C., Powers, S. W., Minen, M. T., Szperka, C. L., & Mull, N. K. (2025) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14914 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationGrazzi, L., D’Amico, D., Guastafierro, E., Demichelis, G., Erbetta, A., Fedeli, D., Nigri, A., Ciusani, E., Barbara, C., & Raggi, A. (2023) · The Journal of Headache and Pain · doi:10.1186/s10194-023-01630-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Fear, Avoidance, and Disability in Headache Disorders
Rogers, D. G., Protti, T. A., & Smitherman, T. A. (2020) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-020-00865-9 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Complementary and Integrative Health Treatments for Migraine
Patel, P. S., & Minen, M. T. (2019) · Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology · doi:10.1097/wno.0000000000000841 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“In this study, MBCT effectively reduced perceived headache-related disability and day-level migraine-related disability (86).”
BackgroundSelf-citationD’Amico, D., Tepper, S. J., Guastafierro, E., Toppo, C., Leonardi, M., Grazzi, L., Martelletti, P., & Raggi, A. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18010246 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“HDI N = 6 [63,93,123,137,138,158] N = 6 [24,78,79,93,120,129] N = 1 [56]”
Antonio, S. D., Arendt‐Nielsen, L., Ponzano, M., Bovis, F., Torelli, P., Finocchi, C., & Castaldo, M. (2022) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/03331024221082506 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Diagnosis and management of headache.
Peatfield, R. C. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Mechanisms of mindfulness in patients with migraine: Results of a qualitative study.
Estave, P. M., Margol, C., Beeghly, S., Anderson, R., Shakir, M., Coffield, A., Byrnes, J., O'Connell, N., Seng, E., Gardiner, P., et al. (2023) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14481 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationBarceló-Soler, A., Morillo-Sarto, H., Fernández-Martínez, S., Monreal-Bartolomé, A., Chambel, M. J., Gardiner, P., López-del-Hoyo, Y., García-Campayo, J., & Pérez-Aranda, A. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20054438 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Third, data on follow-up assessments were only reported in four studies [48,53,56,60], which hindered the extraction of conclusions about the tendency to adhere to home practice once the interventions end.”
BackgroundEpisodic Migraine and Psychiatric Comorbidity: A Narrative Review of the Literature
George, A., & Minen, M. T. (2023) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-023-01123-4 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“A randomized clinical trial of MBCTM versus usual treatment for patients with either episodic or chronic migraine indicated that MBCT-M significantly decreases migraine disability [37].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationMindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as Migraine Intervention: a Randomized Waitlist Controlled Trial
Simshäuser, K., Pohl, R., Behrens, P. J., Schultz, C., Lahmann, C., & Schmidt, S. (2021) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-021-10044-8 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“[24] recently adapted the MBCT manual to migraine independently from our own research.”
BackgroundMethodKnestrick, K. E., Gibler, R. C., Reidy, B. L., & Powers, S. W. (2022) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-022-01007-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Klein, B. C., Miceli, R., Severt, L., McAllister, P., Mechtler, L. L., McVige, J. W., Diamond, M. L., Marmura, M. J., Guo, H., Finnegan, M., et al. (2023) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/03331024221128250 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Psychiatric comorbidities of migraine
(2024) · Handbook of Clinical Neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823357-3.00013-6 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Dudeney, J., Sharpe, L., McDonald, S., Menzies, R. E., & McGuire, B. (2022) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14260 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Antonio, S. D., Castaldo, M., Ponzano, M., Bovis, F., Torelli, P., Finocchi, C., & Arendt‐Nielsen, L. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2021-0050 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Management of Chronic Migraine in Children and Adolescents: Where are We in 2022?
Gibler, R. C., Knestrick, K. E., Reidy, B. L., Lax, D. N., & Powers, S. W. (2022) · Pediatric Health Medicine and Therapeutics · doi:10.2147/phmt.s334744 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Triggers of Primary Headaches: Issues and Pathways Forward
Martin, P. R. (2020) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.13901 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Neuroscience Education as Therapy for Migraine and Overlapping Pain Conditions: A Scoping Review
Minen, M. T., Kaplan, K., Akter, S., Espinosa-Polanco, M., Guiracocha, J., Khanns, D., Corner, S. E., & Roberts, T. R. (2021) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnab131 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Third-wave forms of CBT like mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy have traditionally been developed in a group format, but recent mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for migraine research was conducted with individual sessions [19].”
BackgroundSelf-citationRehman, M. A. U., Waseem, R., Habiba, U., Wasim, M. F., Rehmani, S. A., Rehmani, M. A., Abdullah, M., Khabir, Y., Hashmi, M. R., Almas, T., et al. (2022) · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103862 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Introduction of a smartphone based behavioral intervention for migraine in the emergency department
Minen, M. T., Friedman, B. W., Adhikari, S., Corner, S. E., Powers, S. W., Seng, E. K., Grudzen, C. R., & Lipton, R. B. (2021) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.12.009 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, F., Wang, L., Chen, Z., Cao, X., & Chen, B.-Y. (2023) · Journal of Orthopaedic Science · doi:10.1016/j.jos.2023.01.007 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Vekhter, D., Robbins, M. S., Minen, M. T., & Buse, D. C. (2020) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-020-00899-z · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationMukhtar, N. B., Meeus, M., Gürşen, C., Mohammed, J., Pauw, R. D., & Cagnie, B. J. (2021) · Evaluation & the Health Professions · doi:10.1177/0163278720983408 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Migraine awareness, prevalence, triggers, and impact on university students: a cross-sectional study
Rustom, A. M. R., Audi, F., Samsam, H. A., Nour, R., Mursi, A. M. S. O., & Mahmoud, I. (2022) · The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery · doi:10.1186/s41983-022-00555-w · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“The most reported pain intensity was described as moderate to severe pain, which was similar to previous studies [13, 19].”
ResultA meta‐analytic review of acceptance‐based interventions for migraine
Polk, A. N., & Smitherman, T. A. (2023) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14614 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“19,20 Despite promising results from headache treatment studies, 18,21– 23 meta-analytic reviews of mindfulness interventions for head pain draw conflicting conclusions regarding efficacy for reducing headache symptoms.”
BackgroundGrazzi, L., Raggi, A., Guastafierro, E., Passavanti, M., Marcassoli, A., Montisano, D. A., & D’Amico, D. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192114116 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Loneliness and Migraine Self-Management: A Cross-Sectional Assessment
Lui, J., Young, N. P., Ebbert, J. O., Rosedahl, J. K., & Philpot, L. M. (2020) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/2150132720924874 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“036 Mean (SD) 49 (16) 46 (15) 47 (16) Median 49 46 47 Q1, Q3 37, 59 34, 57 36, 58 Range (18-88) (18-89) (18-89) Gender, n (%) .”
Donisi, V., Mazzi, M. A., Gandolfi, M., Deledda, G., Marchioretto, F., Battista, S., Poli, S., Giansante, M., Geccherle, E., Perlini, C., et al. (2020) · Toxins · doi:10.3390/toxins12090577 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“integrative strategies, such as mindfulness-based interventions [37,38,73].”
Khazraee, H., Bakhtiari, M., Kianimoghadam, A. S., & Hajmanouchehri, R. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13010131 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based treatments also represent an avenue to investigate effects in patients with chronic migraine [29].”
BackgroundNutraceuticals and Behavioral Therapy for Headache
Barmherzig, R., & Rajapakse, T. (2021) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-021-01120-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Response to Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Differs Between Chronic and Episodic Migraine
Seng, E. K., Conway, A. B., Grinberg, A. S., Patel, Z. S., Marzouk, M. A., Rosenberg, L., Metts, C. L., Day, M. A., Minen, M. T., Buse, D. C., et al. (2020) · Neurology Clinical Practice · doi:10.1212/cpj.0000000000000984 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationAshina, M., Roos, C., Li, L. Q., Komori, M., Ayer, D. W., Ruff, D. D., & Krege, J. H. (2023) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/03331024231161745 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Management of Episodic Migraine
Amatrudo, G., Kengetter, J., McCrea, S., & Amatrudo, M. (2023) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-023-01129-y · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Grazzi, L., & Rizzoli, P. (2020) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.13776 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Charvet, L. E., Harrison, A. T., Mangold, K. I., Moore, R. D., Guo, S., Zhang, J., Datta, A., & Androulakis, X. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1184056 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Although long-duration mindfulness meditation has shown to be an effective therapy for chronic migraine, the short durations have not (54).”
BackgroundBehavioral therapy in migraine: Expanding the therapeutic arsenal
Mínguez‐Olaondo, A., Días, P. A., de Munáin, E. L., Grozeva, V., Laspra‐Solís, C., Martín‐Villalba, I., García‐Martín, V., Vila‐Pueyo, M., Barandiarán, M., Zabalza, R., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.16414 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Peña, A. J., Dumkrieger, G. M., Berisha, V., Ross, K. B., Chong, C., & Schwedt, T. (2021) · Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · doi:10.1093/pm/pnaa405 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Goyal, M., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Jain, S., Peterlin, B. L., Mehrotra, M., Levine, D. M., Rosenberg, J. D., Minges, M. V., Seminowicz, D. A., & Ford, D. E. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02073-z · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Two trials evaluated short-term outcomes at 8 to 16 weeks and found the mindfulness arm reduced headaches by an average of 1.3 to 1.5 per month, while the control arm showed a reduction of about 1.0 per month (Seng et al., 2019; Simshauser et al., 2020).”
BackgroundInfluentialGrazzi, L., Montisano, D. A., D’Amico, D., Altamura, C., Raggi, A., Rizzoli, P. B., & Marcassoli, A. (2024) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-024-07568-8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Behavioral treatments are nowadays considered valid treat-ment options for headache patients, and particularly for those with CM-MOH, and their combination with pharmacological therapies showed higher effectiveness compared to single approaches [13].”
Kruse, J. A., & Seng, E. K. (2023) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14627 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“7,9 The MBCT-M targets maladaptive pain beliefs (pain catastrophizing) and tendencies to accept and act on thoughts as if they are facts (cognitive fusion).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMcCracken, H., Lee, A. A., & Smitherman, T. (2023) · Headache · doi:10.1111/head.14633 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Similarly, an RCT that compared a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention for migraine patients (MBCT-M) to treatment as usual showed greater reductions in headache-related disability and attack-level migraine-related disability in the MBCT-M group (Seng et al., 2019).”
Headache Hygiene in Pediatrics: Brushing Up on the Basics
Barmherzig, R., Lagman‐Bartolome, A. M., Marlowe, S., Kohut, S. A., Gunn, G., Olivieri, H., Mulligan, J., Grundy-Bozinis, K., Gladstone, J. P., Lay, C. L., et al. (2019) · Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.10.002 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Opioid use and social disadvantage in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain
Cheng, A. L., Brady, B. K., Bradley, E. C., Calfee, R. P., Klesges, L. M., Colditz, G. A., & Prather, H. (2021) · PM&R · doi:10.1002/pmrj.12596 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Our findings also support the growing evidence that successful chronic pain management requires the incorporation of behavioral health assessment, education, and intervention.(49,50,58-60) The patients in our study who were managed with chronic opioid therapy reported worse behavioral health, and although this associa…”
ResultTobin, J. A., Ford, J. H., Tockhorn‐Heidenreich, A., Nichols, R., Ye, W., Bhandari, R., Mi, X., Sharma, K., & Lipton, R. B. (2022) · Journal of Medical Economics · doi:10.1080/13696998.2022.2071528 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationHuang, Y., Lin, L. W., Li, X.-Y., Chen, B. F., Yuan, L., & Zheng, H. (2024) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-024-01264-9 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Seng, E. K., Hill, J. D., Reeder, A. K., Visvanathan, P. D., Wells, R. E., Lipton, R. B., Minen, M. T., & Shallcross, A. J. (2024) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14857 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“23 Most evidence for MBCT pertains to a standardized protocol that requires in-person delivery and a substantial time commitment (2.5 h/week).”
InfluentialSelf-citationEvidence Mapping Based on Systematic Reviews of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Neuropathic Pain
Li, C., Hou, W., Ding, D., Yang, Y., Gu, S., & Zhu, Y. (2023) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2023/2680620 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Unraveling the connections between migraine and psychiatric comorbidities: A narrative review
Yum, J., & Chu, M. K. (2025) · Brain and Development · doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2025.104392 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Other approaches such as biofeedback, relaxation training, and mindfulness-based interventions have also shown promise in improving emotional regulation and reducing migraine-related disability [40,41].”
The Use of Behavioral Modalities for Headache During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Riggins, N., & Ehrlich, A. (2021) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-021-00980-1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Pain acceptance as a change mechanism for mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for migraine
Best, R. D., Ozmeral, A., Grinberg, A. S., Smitherman, T. A., & Seng, E. K. (2024) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-024-00475-5 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“This revision has been previously validated (Seng et al., 2019).”
Self-citationA Multimodal Conservative Approach to Treating Migraine: A Physical Therapist’s Perspective
Siverling, S., & Schultz, P. (2023) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-023-01140-3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Tudatos jelenlét alapú kognitív terápia krónikus fejfájással élők számára
Sal, D., & Perczel-Forintos, D. (2024) · Orvosi Hetilap · doi:10.1556/650.2024.33181 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Liao, Y., Chen, W.-S., Restya, W. P. D., Liao, Y.-C., Lin, Y., & Lin, R. (2025) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112366 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Do behavioral treatments work for migraine prevention?
Seng, E. K., & Lipton, R. B. (2022) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14290 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationMoreira, M. D. F., Gamboa, O. L., & Oliveira, M. A. P. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02381-y · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“…part, and the outward, connected by a curved gray line, is the between-person (stable) part last intervention period of brief (McClintock et al., 2019; de França Moreira et al., 2022, 2023) and standard (Burns et al., 2023; Nathan et al., 2017; Seng et al., 2019; Turner et al., 2016) MBIs.”
Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of neurofeedback mindfulness in chronic migraines
Golshan, F., Lysenko, R., Zade, M. N., Alibolandi, P., Block, H., Masiowski, P., O’Connell, M. E., Sun, G., & Mickleborough, M. (2024) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101362 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Similar to the previous RCTs in mindfulness and migraine, the duration of this trial is scheduled for 8 weeks [20,34 – 36] with a 10-min practice per day [17].”
ResultGolovacheva, V. A., & Александровна, Г. А. (2024) · Neurology neuropsychiatry Psychosomatics · doi:10.14412/2074-2711-2024-6-21-27 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Levinton, T., Gelech, J. M., Golshan, F., & Mickleborough, M. (2025) · JMIR Neurotechnology · doi:10.2196/68369 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Our study supports the growing body of research demonstrating the benefits of mindfulness meditation, such as improved management of chronic pain, emotional well-being, cognitive functioning, and overall perception [20,22,53,67,68].”
Biobehavioral treatments of migraine
Penzien, D. B., & Irby, M. B. (2024) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823357-3.00031-8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Kandasamy, G., Almaghaslah, D., Almanasef, M. A., Almeleebia, T. M., Orayj, K. M., Siddiqua, A., Shorog, E., Alshahrani, A. M., Prabahar, K., Veeramani, V. P., et al. (2024) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s471216 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“38 It has been shown that the most effective strategy to avoid severe episodes that necessitate acute care is to implement complete migraine treatment programs that involve frequent follow-ups and therapeutic patient education, medication therapy.”
BackgroundHeadache diagnosis and treatment: A pilot knowledge and needs assessment among physical therapists
Minen, M. T., Whetten, C., Messier, D., Mehta, S., Williamson, A., Verhaak, A. M. S., & Grosberg, B. M. (2024) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14801 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationBases biológicas del mindfulness y su aplicación en la práctica clínica
Gómez, S. M., Peñaloza, M. J., Rodríguez, N. B., & Alba, L. H. (2022) · Universitas Médica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.umed63-2.mind · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Por otra parte, múltiples guías de práctica clínica recomiendan el uso de terapias basadas en mindfulness para patologías como los trastornos del afecto (13-16), el dolor osteomuscular (17) o el alivio de síntomas de entidades, como el síndrome de intestino irritable, sobre todo aquellas manifestaciones exacerbadas po…”
BackgroundGopichandran, V., Pradeep, N., & Kannan, S. (2020) · Current Medical Issues · doi:10.4103/cmi.cmi_14_20 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Martin, P. R. (2021) · Comprehensive Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00062-5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dresdner, T., & Seng, E. K. (2025) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-025-01415-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“However, in another study, MBCT developed for people with migraine (MBCT-M), did not reduce headache pain intensity nor headache days, though it did successfully reduce headache-related disability [11].”
InfluentialSelf-citationGolshan, F., Sun, G., Francisco, J., Alibolandi, P., Zade, M. N., Mousavi, A., Lysenko, R., O’Connell, M. E., Block, H., Masiowski, P., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2025.111685 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Eatz, T. A., Margolesky, J. H., & Cocores, A. N. (2026) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-026-01480-w · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for Migraine (MBCT-M) demonstrated efficacy to reduce headache-related disability and attack-level migraine-related disability [102].”
Intervenciones basadas en mindfulness para el manejo de pacientes con dolor
Schuler, G. S. R., & Badoui, N. (2021) · Universitas Médica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.umed62-4.mind · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mechanisms for mindfulness in migraine: Does catastrophizing matter?
Wells, R. E., O'Connell, N. S., & Minen, M. T. (2024) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.14730 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychological therapy for chronic daily headache
Mukhametzyanova, A. K. (2020) · Russian Journal of Pain · doi:10.17116/pain2020180115
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review
Liang, C., & Ahmad, M. (2022) · IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia · doi:10.31436/imjm.v21i3.2045
“iCBT (35) Control (34) 6-week The World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref (WHOQOL‐BREF); The international spinal cord injury quality of life basic data set; The International Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set (ISCIPBDS) (Version 1); The Douleur Neuropathique en 4 Questions (DN4) interview; The Chronic Pai…”
MethodCharvet, L. E., Harrison, A. T., Mangold, K. I., Moore, R. D., Guo, S., Zhang, J., Datta, A., & Androulakis, X. M. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2447757/v1
Sheykhangafshe, F. B., Fathi-Ashtiani, A., Savabi-Niri, V., Mikelani, N., & Bourbour, Z. (2022) · doi:10.32592/ajnpp.2022.9.3.105
Beyond conventional therapies - an overview of the alternative approaches in migraine management
Barg, M., Biały-Karbowniczek, J., Jędrasek, A., & Wojtyła, K. (2024) · Journal of Education Health and Sport · doi:10.12775/jehs.2024.65.012
Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Headaches
Denysenko, L., Kohrman, S. I., & Nicolson, S. E. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-11844-9.00079-5
Cheung, C. L., & Seminowicz, D. A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-24705-7.00036-3
Behavioral Interventions for Migraine
Best, R. D., Snyder, I., & Seng, E. K. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-86923-5_23
Self-citationRustom, A. M. R., Audi, F., Samsam, H. A., Nour, R., Mursi, A. M. S. O., & Mahmoud, I. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21359898
Grazzi, L., D’Amico, D., Guastafierro, E., Demichelis, G., Erbetta, A., Fedeli, D., Nigri, A., Ciusani, E., Corso, B., & Raggi, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604193
Rustom, A. M. R., Audi, F., Samsam, H. A., Nour, R., Mursi, A. M. S. O., & Mahmoud, I. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21359892
Grazzi, L., D’Amico, D., Guastafierro, E., Demichelis, G., Erbetta, A., Fedeli, D., Nigri, A., Ciusani, E., Corso, B., & Raggi, A. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604196
Mindfulness as a Predictor of Migraine-Related Disability: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study
Nair, N. K., Mukundan, A., Rajkumar, S., & Kalra, D. H. (2025) · International Journal of Research and Review · doi:10.52403/ijrr.20251123
Reangsing, C., Punsuwun, S., & Oerther, S. (2025) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.12.013
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Self-citationLucia, A. D., Donisi, V., Rimondini, M., Piccolo, L. D., & Perlini, C. (2026) · Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/21642850.2026.2650006
“(Donath et al., 2022; Grazzi et al., 2019, 2023; Martin et al., 2021; McLean et al., 2020; Seng et al., 2019) did not include any eHealth modality to deliver the interventions.”
Influential
- Authors
- Seng, E. K., Singer, A. B., Metts, C., Grinberg, A. S., Patel, Z. S., Marzouk, M., Rosenberg, L., Day, M., Minen, M. T., Lipton, R. B., & Buse, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System (US)
- Yeshiva University (US)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Seng, Elizabeth K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-09-26
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1448-1467
- ISSN
- 0017-8748 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-4610
- PMC
- PMC6788949
- OpenAlex
- W2975491026
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 9.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001073)
- Yeshiva University (Hollander Seed Fund)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (K23 NS096107)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Migraine and Headache Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Complementary and Manual Therapy › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, migraine, migraine disability, episodic migraine, chronic migraine, headache-related disability, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness meditation, Migraine Disability Assessment, headache days, pain intensity, usual care, waitlist control, adults, headache diary
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Chronic Disease, Disability Evaluation, Female, Headache, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Migraine Disorders, Pain Measurement, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Mindfulness
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