Influence of pressurised liquid extraction and solid–liquid extraction methods on the phenolic content and antioxidant activities of I rish macroalgae
Abstract
Summary The efficiencies of pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) and a traditional solid–liquid extraction (SLE) at extracting antioxidant polyphenols from Irish macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum, Pelvetia canaliculata, Fucus spiralis and Ulva intestinalis were compared. PLE was more effective for extracting polyphenols with acetone/water (80:20); however, when food‐friendly solvents of ethanol/water (80:20) and water were employed, SLE resulted in higher phenolic content in brown macroalgal extracts. For example, the Fucus spiralis SLE water and ethanol/water extracts displayed total phenolic contents (TPCs) of 130.58 ± 2.78 and 142.81 ± 1.77 μg phloroglucinol equivalents (PGE) mg−1 sample, respectively, compared with TPCs of 90.79 ± 1.16 and 124 ± 6.54 μg PGE mg−1 sample for the corresponding PLE extracts. All SLE aqueous ethanolic macroalgal extracts possessed higher DPPH radical scavenging abilities (RSA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) than their PLE equivalents. This study indicates that the application of high extraction temperatures (50–200 °C) and pressures (500–3000 psi) used in PLE does not enhance the antioxidant activities of macroalgal extracts relative to SLE extraction. The ability to produce antioxidant food‐friendly macroalgal extracts using SLE could represent significant cost reductions on an industrial scale further enhancing the potential of macroalgal polyphenols to be used in functional food preparations.
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Tierney et al. showed extracts obtained with conventional method contained higher concentration of extracted polyphenols compared with SWE extracts, while Vo Dinh et al. obtained opposite results.
“While Tierney et al. [66] in their research showed that the extracts obtained with conventional method contained higher concentration of extracted polyphenols compared with SWE extracts, Vo Dinh et al. [67] obtained the opposite results.”
From Overview on the Application of Modern Methods for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Marine Macroalgae (2018) · cites this paper as [66]
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“Tierney et al. (2013) found that the use of water as the solvent for extraction of phenolic compounds from Irish macroalgae (Ascophyllum nodosum, Pelvetia canaliculata, Fucus spiralis and Ulva intestinalis) resulted in the highest extraction yields, when compared with other solvents – acetone/water…”
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“preceding studies where increments of polar solvent in the extraction solvent improved phlorotannin and polyphenol extractions (He et al. 2013; Tierney et al. 2013; Sharmila et al. 2016).”
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“vesiculosus and other brown algae focuses on the optimisation of individual compounds or specific chemical classes [43,44] rather than the whole detectable metabolome as targeted in the present study.”
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“An excess of free radicals in the body can cause oxidation of macromolecules such as DNA, amino acids, proteins, lipids and polysaccharides (Je et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2013; Tierney et al. 2013).”
The Identification of a SIRT6 Activator from Brown Algae Fucus distichus
Rahnasto‐Rilla, M., McLoughlin, P., Kulikowicz, T., Doyle, M. E., Bohr, V. A., Lahtela-Kakkonen, M. K., Ferrucci, L., Hayes, M., & Moaddel, R. (2017) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md15060190 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
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Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Properties of Phlorotannins from Ascophyllum nodosum Seaweed Extracts
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“These methods (Figure 5) are being extensively studied to ensure that they are not only effective but also environmentally friendly and sustainable [31,42,43].”
BackgroundMethodAllwood, J. W., Evans, H., Austin, C., & McDougall, G. J. (2020) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md18090448 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“In fact, the presence of only two (perhaps three maximum) major isomers as noted in this paper seems unusual compared to the 70 apparent isomers for a DP 10 oligomer reported in one study [29].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBioactive Polyphenols from Southern Chile Seaweed as Inhibitors of Enzymes for Starch Digestion
Pacheco, L. V., Parada, J., Pérez‐Correa, J. R., Mariotti‐Celis, M. S., Erpel, F., Zambrano, Á., & Palacios, M. (2020) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md18070353 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
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“This alga showed a marked content on polyphenols 458 (90-205 µg phloroglucinol equivalents mg-1) (Tierney et al., 2013a) and α-tocopherol 459 (511.4 mg kg-1) (Paiva et al., 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialGarcía‐Soto, B., Miranda, J. M., de Quirós, A. R. B., Sendón, R., Rodríguez‐Martínez, A. V., Barros‐Velázquez, J., & Aubourg, S. P. (2015) · International Journal of Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1111/ijfs.12821 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
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Design of low glycemic response foods using polyphenols from seaweed
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“and inflammatory disorders (Reaven and Witzum 1996; Aruoma 1999; O’Sullivan et al. 2011; Tierney et al. 2013; Boisvert et al. 2015; Poprac et al. 2017; Paloczi et al. 2018), and aging processes (Kohen and Nyska 2002; Höhn et al.”
BackgroundPurcell, D., Packer, M. A., & Hayes, M. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11121792 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
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An Overview on Effects of Processing on the Nutritional Content and Bioactive Compounds in Seaweeds
de Quirós, A. R. B., & López-Hernández, J. (2021) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods10092168 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“intestinalis Generally, PLE provided lower values of Total Polyphenol Content (TPC) compared with SLE, which could be due to the higher temperatures employed in PLE [40]”
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Water Sorption Isotherms and Air Drying Kinetics ofFucus vesiculosusBrown Seaweed
Moreira, R., Chenlo, F., Sineiro, J., Arufe, S., & Sexto, S. (2016) · Journal of Food Processing and Preservation · doi:10.1111/jfpp.12997 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
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Bioactive Polysaccharides Extracts fromSargassum muticumby High Hydrostatic Pressure
Rodrigues, D., Freitas, A. C., Queirós, R. P., Rocha‐Santos, T., Saraiva, J. A., Gomes, A., & Duarte, A. C. (2016) · Journal of Food Processing and Preservation · doi:10.1111/jfpp.12977 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“According to several authors, application of high extraction temperatures and pressures used in pressurized liquid extraction did not increase antioxidant activities for several seaweeds extracts and species in comparison to solid/liquid extraction (Tierney et al. 2013; Heffernan et al. 2014).”
BackgroundBarbosa, R. G., Trigo, M., Fett, R., & Aubourg, S. P. (2018) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.8861 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Gager, L., Lalegerie, F., Connan, S., & Stiger‐Pouvreau, V. (2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119542650.ch11 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
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Barros‐Velázquez, J., Miranda, J. M., Ezquerra‐Brauer, J. M., & Aubourg, S. P. (2016) · International Journal of Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1111/ijfs.13182 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“This alga 385 showed a profitable content on polyphenols (90-205 µg phloroglucinol equivalents mg-386 1) (Tierney et al., 2013a) and α-tocopherol (511.4 mg kg-1) (Paiva et al., 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialSustainable approach in phlorotannin recovery from macroalgae
Chia, S. R., Show, P. L., Phang, S., Ling, T. C., & Ong, H. C. (2018) · Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering · doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.02.015 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
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“spiralis extracts has already been proved in in vitro tests [12], showing a marked content on different kinds of antioxidant molecules such as polyphenols [15], alpha-tocopherol [13] and phlorotannins [14].”
BackgroundUdaypal, U., Goswami, R. K., Mehariya, S., & Verma, P. (2024) · Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.scp.2024.101791 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
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“Several publications have already highlighted its efficiency in the extraction of phenolic compounds from seaweeds [12,27,29,34,37–39].”
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“…Ecklonia stolonifera [303] Crude phlorotannin Eisenia bicyclis [303] Aqueous extract Laminaria ochroleuca [304] Polyphenol Ascophyllum nodosum [305] Polyphenol Pelvetia canaliculate [305] Polyphenol Fucus spiralis [305] Polyphenol Ulva intestinalis [305] Polyphenol Saccharina japonica [306]…”
Abidin, S. Z., Torkamani, A. E., Hani, N. M., Mahmood, W. A. K., & Juliano, P. (2016) · International Journal of Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1111/ijfs.13304 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) has become an attractive alternative extraction method to obtain plant bioactive extracts in comparison with conventional near-ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure methods (Santos et al., 2012; Tierney et al., 2013).”
MethodPhenolic compounds of brown algae
Barzkar, N., Ivanova, S. A., Сухих, С. А., Malkov, D., Носкова, С., & Babich, O. (2024) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2024.105374 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Brown Seaweeds of Scotland, Their Importance and Applications
Al-Dulaimi, O., Rateb, M. E., Hursthouse, A. S., Thomson, G., & Yaseen, M. (2021) · Environments · doi:10.3390/environments8060059 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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“7,8 Inflammation, a fundamental biological response triggered by injury and infection, is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and discomfort.”
Ruiz‐Domínguez, M. C., Mendiola, J. A., Sánchez-Martínez, J. D., Bueno, M., Mezquita, P. C., & Ibáñez, E. (2023) · Journal of Applied Phycology · doi:10.1007/s10811-022-02901-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Santos, F., Soares, C. M. D., Morais, S. L., Neves, C., Grosso, C., Ramalhosa, M. J., Vieira, M., Delerue-Matos, C. M., & Domingues, V. F. (2025) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods14030453 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
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Pourmozaffar, S., Reverter, M., Jahromi, S. T., Harikrishnan, R., Pazir, M. K., Barzkar, N., Mozanzadeh, M. T., Sarvi, B., Abolfathi, M., Adeshına, İ., et al. (2024) · Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition · doi:10.1111/jpn.14049 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
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“Previo s studies reported better phenolic extraction with organic aqueous mixtures [51] and a better extraction yield using methanol [50].”
BackgroundUbiquitous Phlorotannins Prospects and Perspectives
Creis, E., Gall, E. A., & Potin, P. (2018) · Blue Biotechnology · doi:10.1002/9783527801718.ch3 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Fanina, S., Casillo, A., & Corsaro, M. M. (2025) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md24010011 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Additionally, while it is possible to target specific compounds, incorrect parameter selection may lead to the co-extraction of other compounds, such as polyphenols or pigments [141,142].”
Functional characterisation of Euglena gracilis following growth medium enrichment
Lanzoni, D., Rebucci, R., Cheli, F., Cavaliere, R., Ghilardi, G., Marchetti, L., Crotti, A., Baldi, A., & Giromini, C. (2023) · Italian Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.1080/1828051x.2023.2289564 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“This result is also confirmed by Tierney et al. (2013).”
Bark tannins: Extraction methods, characterization, and reactivity
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Biorefinery as a tool to obtain multiple seaweed extracts for cosmetic applications
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“In addition, other studies (Tierney et al. 2012; Farvin and Jacobsen 2013) also showed that water extraction resulted in higher yields than other solvents, such as ethanol, as would be expected given that the seaweeds are known to have a high content of water soluble polysaccharides (Rioux et al.…”
BackgroundRecent Trends in Extraction Techniques for High Value Compounds from Algae as Food Additives
Akyıl, S., İlter, I., Koç, M., & Kaymak‐Ertekin, F. (2018) · Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology · doi:10.24925/turjaf.v6i8.1008-1014.1895 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The extraction efficiency of polyphenols with PLE technique was higher than convectional extraction techniques (Tierney et al., 2013).”
MethodApplication of pressurized liquids to extract high-value compounds from marine biomass
Poojary, M. M., Laurora, A., Lund, M. N., & Tiwari, B. K. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820096-4.00005-5 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
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“The antiradical activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydracil (DPPH), was measured by using the method of Tierney et al. [17].”
MethodMuñoz-Quintana, M., Padrón-Sanz, C., Dolbeth, M., Arenas, F., Vasconcelos, V. M., & Lopes, G. (2024) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md22120548 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Nour, M., Stiger‐Pouvreau, V., Guenneguez, A., Meslet‐Cladière, L., Cérantola, S., Ali, A., Simon, G., Daher, A., & Petek, S. (2024) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md23010015 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Several studies have shown significant results for extracting phenolic compounds from ASE algae [30,46,52].”
A novel micro pressurized liquid extraction method for very rapid solid sample preparation
Alkhateeb, F. L., & Thurbide, K. B. (2015) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c4ay02876g · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Extraction Technologies to Recover Dietary Polyphenols from Macro‐ and Microalgae
Shanmugam, M., Ganesan, A. R., & Rajauria, G. (2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119542650.ch7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Боголицын, К. Г., Parshina, A., Mamatmyrodov, K., Polomarchuk, D., & Popov, N. (2023) · Studies in natural products chemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18961-6.00007-x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tierney, M. S., Smyth, T. J., Hayes, M., Soler‐Vila, A., Croft, A. K., & Brunton, N.
- Affiliations
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority (IE)
- Food Biosciences Department Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown Dublin 15 Ireland
- Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway (IE)
- Bangor University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Tierney, Michelle S.
- Venue
- International Journal of Food Science & Technology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-12-03
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 860-869
- ISSN
- 0950-5423 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2621
- OpenAlex
- W1987997155
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 7.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Food Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural and Biological Research
- Keywords
- accelerated solvent extraction, solid-liquid extraction, seaweed, polyphenols, antioxidant activity, Ascophyllum nodosum, Pelvetia canaliculata, Fucus spiralis, Ulva intestinalis, extraction solvents, extraction pressure and temperature, DPPH radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, functional foods, brown algae
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