Towards an integrated global framework to assess the impacts of land use and management change on soil carbon: current capability and future vision

Smith, Pete; Davies, Christian A.; Ogle, Stephen; Zanchi, Giuliana; Bellarby, Jessica; Bird, Neil; Boddey, Robert M.; McNamara, Niall P.; Powlson, David; Cowie, Annette; van Noordwijk, Meine; Davis, Sarah C.; Richter, Daniel DE B.; Kryzanowski, Len; van Wijk, Mark T.; Stuart, Judith; Kirton, Akira; Eggar, Duncan; Newton‐Cross, Geraldine; Adhya, Tapan K.; Braimoh, Ademola K.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x

Cited by 185Soil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsLand Use and Ecosystem ServicesSoil Geostatistics and Mapping

Towards an integrated global framework to assess the impacts of land use and management change on soil carbon: current capability and future vision

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Smith, Pete, Davies, Christian A., Ogle, Stephen, Zanchi, Giuliana, Bellarby, Jessica, Bird, Neil, Boddey, Robert M., McNamara, Niall P. +13 more·2012·Global Change Biology

DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x

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Abstract

I ntergovernmental P anel on C limate C hange (IPCC) T ier 1 methodologies commonly underpin project‐scale carbon accounting for changes in land use and management and are used in frameworks for L ife C ycle A ssessment and carbon footprinting of food and energy crops. These methodologies were intended for use at large spatial scales. This can introduce error in predictions at finer spatial scales. There is an urgent need for development and implementation of higher tier methodologies that can be applied at fine spatial scales (e.g. farm/project/plantation) for food and bioenergy crop greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting to facilitate decision making in the land‐based sectors. Higher tier methods have been defined by IPCC and must be well evaluated and operate across a range of domains (e.g. climate region, soil type, crop type, topography), and must account for land use transitions and management changes being implemented. Furthermore, the data required to calibrate and drive the models used at higher tiers need to be available and applicable at fine spatial resolution, covering the meteorological, soil, cropping system and management domains, with quantified uncertainties. Testing the reliability of the models will require data either from sites with repeated measurements or from chronosequences. We review current global capability for estimating changes in soil carbon at fine spatial scales and present a vision for a framework capable of quantifying land use change and management impacts on soil carbon, which could be used for addressing issues such as bioenergy and biofuel sustainability, food security, forest protection, and direct/indirect impacts of land use change. The aim of this framework is to provide a globally accepted standard of carbon measurement and modelling appropriate for GHG accounting that could be applied at project to national scales (allowing outputs to be scaled up to a country level), to address the impacts of land use and land management change on soil carbon.

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Easter, M., Paustian, K., Killian, K., Williams, S., Feng, T., Al-Adamat, R., Batjes, N. H., Bernoux, M., Bhattacharyya, T., Cerri, C. C., et al. (2007) · Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.004 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citation
Soil organic carbon stock change due to land use activity along the agricultural frontier of the southwestern Amazon, Brazil, between 1970 and 2002
Maia, S. M. F., Ogle, S. M., Cerri, C. E. P., & Cerri, C. C. (2009) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02105.x · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citation
Worldwide Organic Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Data (1986)
Zinke, P. J., Stangenberger, A. G., W.M. Post, et al. (1986) · Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) Datasets · doi:10.3334/cdiac/lue.ndp018 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Soil organic carbon stocks under native vegetation – Revised estimates for use with the simple assessment option of the Carbon Benefits Project system
Batjes, N. H. (2011) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.007 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Soil management under no-tillage systems in the tropics with special reference to Brazil
Machado, P. L. O. D. A., & Silva, C. A. (2001) · Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems · doi:10.1023/a:1013331805519 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Uncertainty analysis of soil organic carbon stock change in Canadian cropland from 1991 to 2001
VandenBygaart, A. J., Gregorich, E. G., Angers, D. A., & Stoklas, U. (2004) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00780.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Carbon flow in an upland grassland: effect of liming on the flux of recently photosynthesized carbon to rhizosphere soil
Rangel‐Castro, J. I., Prosser, J. I., Scrimgeour, C. M., Smith, P., Ostle, N., Ineson, P., Meharg, A. A., & Killham, K. (2004) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00883.x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citation
A SOIL PROFILE AND ORGANIC CARBON DATA BASE FOR CANADIAN FOREST AND TUNDRA MINERAL SOILS
Siltanen, R. M., Apps, M., Zoltai, S. C., et al. (2005) · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Modeling soil carbon sequestration in agricultural lands of Mali
Doraiswamy, P. C., McCarty, G. W., Hunt, E. R., et al. (2006) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.011 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Calibration of the RothC model to turnover of soil carbon under eucalypts and pines
Paul, K. I., & Polglase, P. J. (2004) · Soil Research · doi:10.1071/sr04025 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
EuroSOMNET – a European database of long-term experiments on soil organic matter: the WWW metadatabase
Smith, P., Falloon, P., Körschens, M., Shevtsova, L., Franko, U., Романенков, В. А., Coleman, K., Rodionova, V., Smith, J., & Schramm, G. (2002) · The Journal of Agricultural Science · doi:10.1017/s0021859601001800 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citation
Agricultural Sustainability
Smith, W., & Saunders, L. S. (1996) · New Zealand Geographer · doi:10.1111/j.1745-7939.1996.tb00460.x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Bias and variance in model results associated with spatial scaling of measurements for parameterization in regional assessments
Ogle, S. M., Breidt, F. J., & Paustian, K. H. (2006) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01106.x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citation
Preface
Smith, P., Powlson, D. S., Smith, J., et al. (1997) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/s0016-7061(97)88180-3 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citation
Processing arctic eddy‐flux data using a simple carbon‐exchange model embedded in the ensemble Kalman filter
Rastetter, E. B., Williams, M., Griffin, K. L., et al. (2010) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/09-0876.1 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Dynamics and allocation of recently photo-assimilated carbon in an Inner Mongolia temperate steppe
Wang, Z., LI, L., Han, X., et al. (2006) · Environmental and Experimental Botany · doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.09.011 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Systems approaches in global change and biogeochemistry research
Smith, P., Albanito, F., Bell, M., Bellarby, J., Blagodatsky, S., Datta, A., Dondini, M., Fitton, N., Flynn, H. C., Hastings, A., et al. (2011) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2011.0173 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Changing Model of Soil
Richter, D. D., & Yaalon, D. H. (2012) · AGUFM · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation
Quantifying Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Soils and Management Impacts
Grosso, S. J. D., & Parton, W. J. (2011) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-2011-1072.ch001 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
How can soil monitoring networks be used to improve predictions of organic carbon pool dynamics and CO2 fluxes in agricultural soils?
van Wesemael, B., Paustian, K. H., Andrén, O., Cerri, C. E. P., Dodd, M. B., Etchevers, J. D., Goidts, E., Grace, P., Kätterer, T., McConkey, B. G., et al. (2010) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0567-z · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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Sorted by citations

Climate-smart soils
Paustian, K., Lehmann, J., Ogle, S., Reay, D., Robertson, G. P., & Smith, P. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature17174 · Cited by 2,213 · see citing works
Self-citation
Global change pressures on soils from land use and management
Smith, P., House, J. I., Bustamante, M., Sobocká, J., Harper, R. J., Pan, G., West, P. C., Clark, J. M., Adhya, T. K., Rumpel, C., et al. (2015) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13068 · Cited by 1,041 · see citing works
“Models can be used to fill gaps in spatial coverage and look at past and future time periods (Smith et al., 2012), but these too give very variable results.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
How to measure, report and verify soil carbon change to realize the potential of soil carbon sequestration for atmospheric greenhouse gas removal
Smith, P., Soussana, J., Angers, D. A., Schipper, L. A., Chenu, C., Rasse, D. P., Batjes, N. H., van Egmond, F., McNeill, S. J. E., Kuhnert, M., et al. (2019) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14815 · Cited by 855 · see citing works
“Smith et al. (2012) described a framework, building on available models, data sets and knowledge, to quantify the impacts of land use and management change on soil carbon.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Harmonized soil property values for broad-scale modelling (WISE30sec) with estimates of global soil carbon stocks
Batjes, N. H. (2016) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.01.034 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Evaluating the Land and Ocean Components of the Global Carbon Cycle in the CMIP5 Earth System Models
Anav, A., Friedlingstein, P., Kidston, M., Bopp, L., Ciais, P., Cox, P. M., JONES, C. D., Jung, M., Myneni, R. B., & Zhu, Z. (2013) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-12-00417.1 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Negative emissions—Part 3: Innovation and upscaling
Nemet, G. F., Callaghan, M. W., Creutzig, F., Fuss, S., Hartmann, J., Hilaire, J., Lamb, W. F., Minx, J. C., Rogers, S., & Smith, P. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aabff4 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
“Promisingly, unlike other NETs very long term (i.e. several decades) field experiments are common for soil carbon management (Hofmockel et al 2007, Smith et al 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Climate and Soil Characteristics Determine Where No-Till Management Can Store Carbon in Soils and Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Ogle, S. M., Alsaker, C., Baldock, J., Bernoux, M., Breidt, F. J., McConkey, B. G., Regina, K., & Vazquez-Amabile, G. G. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47861-7 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Self-citation
Climate-smart agriculture global research agenda: scientific basis for action
Steenwerth, K. L., Hodson, A. K., Bloom, A. J., Carter, M. R., Cattaneo, A., Chartres, C. J., Hatfield, J. L., Henry, K. D., Hopmans, J. W., Horwáth, W. R., et al. (2014) · Agriculture & Food Security · doi:10.1186/2048-7010-3-11 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
“resources, and models to examine the potential of landuse change in different climate scenarios [196-198].”
Background
Mitigation potential of soil carbon management overestimated by neglecting N2O emissions
Lugato, E., Leip, A., & Jones, A. (2018) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-018-0087-z · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Current status, uncertainty and future needs in soil organic carbon monitoring
Jandl, R., Rodeghiero, M., Martinez, C., Cotrufo, M. F., Bampa, F., van Wesemael, B., Harrison, R. B., Guerrini, I. A., Richter, D. D., Rustad, L. E., et al. (2013) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.026 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
“Methods, data needs, and models for the assessment of SOC changes at a spatial resolution relevant for decision making in land-use issues are not yet sufficiently elaborated (Smith et al., 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Put more carbon in soils to meet Paris climate pledges
Rumpel, C., Amiraslani, F., Koutika, L., Smith, P., Whitehead, D. C., & Wollenberg, E. K. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07587-4 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Self-citation
When Salt Meddles Between Plant, Soil, and Microorganisms
Otlewska, A., Migliore, M., Dybka-Stępień, K., Manfredini, A., Struszczyk‐Świta, K., Napoli, R., Białkowska, A. M., Canfora, L., & Pinzari, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.553087 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Soil carbon sequestration and land use change associated with biofuel production: empirical evidence
Qin, Z., Dunn, J. B., Kwon, H., Mueller, S., & Wander, M. M. (2016) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12237 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
“…and spatial heterogeneity in field observations, well-validated process models may serve as a better alternative to quantify soil carbon dynamics and regional soil carbon change accounting on a large scale (Bondeau et al., 2007; Qin et al., 2012; Smith et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMethod
Agronomic Efficiency of Animal-Derived Organic Fertilizers and Their Effects on Biology and Fertility of Soil: A Review
Bhunia, S., Bhowmik, A., Mallick, R., & Mukherjee, J. (2021) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy11050823 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
“Increasing SOM level interestingly decreases bulk density, which augments water retention, air exchange capacity and root proliferation [146].”
Background
Land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions from corn and cellulosic ethanol
Dunn, J. B., Mueller, S., Kwon, H.-Y., & Wang, M. Q. (2013) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/1754-6834-6-51 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
“[8], who provide a vision for developing these data and discuss key sources of uncertainty i n their development.”
BackgroundMethod
Straw incorporation increases crop yield and soil organic carbon sequestration but varies under different natural conditions and farming practices in China: a system analysis
Han, X. J., Xu, C., Dungait, J. A. J., Bol, R. A., Wang, X., Wu, W., & Meng, F. (2018) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-15-1933-2018 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Payback time for soil carbon and sugar-cane ethanol
Mello, F. F. C., Cerri, C. E. P., Davies, C. A., Holbrook, N. M., Paustian, K. H., Maia, S. M. F., Galdos, M. V., Bernoux, M., & Cerri, C. E. P. (2014) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2239 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citation
Soil carbon stocks under different land uses and the applicability of the soil carbon saturation concept
Chen, S., Arrouays, D., Angers, D. A., Martin, M. P., & Walter, C. A. (2018) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2018.11.001 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting agricultural management for climate change in developing countries: providing the basis for action
Ogle, S. M., Olander, L. P., Wollenberg, L., Rosenstock, T. S., Tubiello, F. N., Paustian, K. H., Buendia, L. V., Nihart, A., & Smith, P. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12361 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
“A working group of scientists could produce more spatially disaggregated factors either by conducting meta-analyses of field measurements to derive factors empirically, or using field measurements to evaluate process-based models and derive factors (e.g., Smith et al., 2012; Ogle et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Changes in soil carbon stocks in Brazil due to land use: paired site comparisons and a regional pasture soil survey
Assad, E. D., Pinto, H. S., Martins, S. C., Groppo, J. D., Salgado, P. R., Evangelista, B. A., Vasconcellos, E., Sano, E. E., Pavão, E., Luna, R., et al. (2013) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-10-6141-2013 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
“Finally, the data set presented in this study may contribute to modeling efforts to evaluate changes in soil carbon stocks due to land use changes, which is considered one of the most efficient and affordable ways to estimate such changes (Smith et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMethod
Reforestation can sequester two petagrams of carbon in US topsoils in a century
Nave, L. E., Domke, G. M., Hofmeister, K. L., Mishra, U., Perry, C. H., Walters, B. F., & Swanston, C. W. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1719685115 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Land Use and Management Effects on Sustainable Sugarcane-Derived Bioenergy
Cherubin, M. R., Carvalho, J. L. N., Cerri, C. E. P., Nogueira, L. A. H., Souza, G. M., & Cantarella, H. (2021) · Land · doi:10.3390/land10010072 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
“These soil C gains may be magnified with proper soil management (described in Section 3) and high organic matter input rates from the plant material and agroindustrial residues in sugarcane fields, allowing soils to contribute to C sequestration of biofuel-related land use and land-use change [45,46].”
Background
Mapping of soil organic carbon stocks for spatially explicit assessments of climate change mitigation potential
Vågen, T., & Winowiecki, L. A. (2013) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015011 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
“…new approaches and models for a more detailed understanding of the heterogeneity of SOC storage and dynamics in landscapes (Cécillon and Brun 2010, Smith et al 2012), including more rigorous models for better assessing SOC variation and scale-dependencies both within and between land uses (i.e.…”
Method
Increase in soil organic carbon by agricultural intensification in northern China
Liao, Y., Wu, W., Meng, F., Smith, P., & Lal, R. (2015) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-12-1403-2015 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citation
Estimating temporal changes in soil carbon stocks at ecoregional scale in Madagascar using remote-sensing
Grinand, C., Maire, G. L., Vieilledent, G., Razakamanarivo, H., Razafimbelo, T., & Bernoux, M. (2016) · International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation · doi:10.1016/j.jag.2016.09.002 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Bayesian calibration of the DayCent ecosystem model to simulate soil organic carbon dynamics and reduce model uncertainty
Gurung, R., Ogle, S. M., Breidt, F. J., Williams, S., & Parton, W. J. (2020) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114529 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citation
Constraints and enablers for increasing carbon storage in the terrestrial biosphere
Nolan, C. J., Field, C. B., & Mach, K. J. (2021) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-021-00166-8 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Changes in carbon stocks of D anish agricultural mineral soils between 1986 and 2009
Taghizadeh‐Toosi, A., Olesen, J. E., Kristensen, K., Elsgaard, L., Østergaard, H. S., Lægdsmand, M., Greve, M. H., & Christensen, B. T. (2014) · European Journal of Soil Science · doi:10.1111/ejss.12169 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
“, 2005), and SOC inventories have been used to validate simulations of changes in SOC at regional and national scales using information on land use and management (Smith et al., 2012).”
Method
Changes in soil organic carbon during 22 years of pastures, cropping or integrated crop/livestock systems in the Brazilian Cerrado
Sant’Anna, S. A. C., Jantalia, C. P., Sá, J. M. E., Vilela, L., Marchão, R. L., Alves, B. J. R., Urquiaga, S. S., & Boddey, R. M. (2016) · Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10705-016-9812-z · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“As this is not easy to prove, the use of long-term experiments where soil samples were taken at the time of establishment and analysed and stored are regarded the ‘‘gold standard’’ to assess changes in soil C (and N) stocks over time (Smith et al. 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Effects of land cover on ecosystem services in Tanzania: A spatial assessment of soil organic carbon
Winowiecki, L., Vågen, T.-G., & Huising, J. (2016) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.03.010 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
“…better understand the state of natural resources, including biological diversity (Scholes et al., 2008), agricultural productivity (Sachs et al., 2010, 2012), soil properties (Makipaa et al., 2012; Richter et al., 2007; Sanchez et al., 2009; Smith et al., 2012) and land health (Vågen et al., 2012).”
Background
Soil carbon stocks in Indonesian (agro) forest transitions: Compaction conceals lower carbon concentrations in standard accounting
Hairiah, K., van Noordwijk, M., Sari, R. R., Saputra, D. D., Widianto, Suprayogo, D., Kurniawan, S., Prayogo, C., & Gusli, S. (2020) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2020.106879 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Carbon accounting and integrated reporting for net‐zero business models towards sustainable development: A systematic literature review
Vaio, A. D., Zaffar, A., Chhabra, M., & Balsalobre‐Lorente, D. (2024) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.3863 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Soil Organic Carbon Stabilization: Mapping Carbon Speciation from Intact Microaggregates
Hernandez‐Soriano, M. C., Dalal, R. C., Warren, F. J., Wang, P., Green, K., Tobin, M. J., Menzies, N. W., & Kopittke, P. M. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b03095 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
A landscape perspective on sustainability of agricultural systems
Dale, V. H., Kline, K. L., Kaffka, S. R., & Langeveld, J. W. A. (2013) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-012-9814-4 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“…develop and deploy a suite of indicators that are readily measurable, that are related to social and environmental conditions at appropriate scales (Smith et al. 2012), and that can be used in establishing targets and baseline conditions for farm management, public health, and efficient policies…”
Background
Changes of carbon stocks in alpine grassland soils from 2002 to 2011 on the Tibetan Plateau and their climatic causes
Chen, L., Jing, X., Flynn, D. F. B., Shi, Y., Kuhn, P. E., Scholten, T., & He, J.-S. (2016) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.11.016 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Moving away from the geostatistical lamppost: why, where, and how does the spatial heterogeneity of soils matter?
Baveye, P. C., & Laba, M. (2015) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.03.018 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“…of the ecosystem services of soils will have to gravitate toward a range of spatial scales that are significantly larger than typical agricultural fields or farms (Smith et al., 2012; Dale et al., 2013), and will need to adopt an integrated and comprehensive perspective (e.g., Zhang et al., 2013).”
Background
Carbon stock and woody species diversity in homegarden agroforestry along an elevation gradient in southern Ethiopia
Birhane, E., Ahmed, S. H., Hailemariam, M., Negash, M., Rannestad, M. M., & Norgrove, L. (2020) · Agroforestry Systems · doi:10.1007/s10457-019-00475-4 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Baseline map of organic carbon stock in farmland topsoil in East China
Deng, X., Chen, X., Ma, W., Ren, Z., Zhang, M., Grieneisen, M. L., Long, W., Ni, Z., Zhan, Y., & Lv, X. (2017) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2017.11.022 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Regional scale cropland carbon budgets: Evaluating a geospatial agricultural modeling system using inventory data
Zhang, X., Izaurralde, R. C., Manowitz, D. H., Sahajpal, R., West, T. O., Thomson, A. M., Xu, M., Zhao, K., LeDuc, S. D., & Williams, J. R. (2014) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.10.005 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“These studies consistently demonstrated the importance of using mechanistic models and highlighted the promise of using fine-scale spatial and intensive management information for accounting cropland C budgets (Smith et al., 2012).”
Influential
Improving the accounting of field emissions in the carbon footprint of agricultural products: a comparison of default IPCC methods with readily available medium-effort modeling approaches
Peter, C., Fiore, A., Hagemann, U., Nendel, C., & Xiloyannis, C. (2016) · The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment · doi:10.1007/s11367-016-1056-2 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“There is an urgent need for the application and validation of appropriate higher tier methodologies at farm, project, or plantation scales, to address local issues with bioenergy and food sustainability and identify local mitigation potentials (Smith et al. 2007; Smith et al. 2012).”
Background
Green marketing in supermarkets: Conventional and digitized marketing alternatives to reduce waste
Gustavo, J., Trento, L. R., de Souza, M., Pereira, G. M., Jabbour, A. B. L. D. S., Ndubisi, N. O., Jabbour, C. J. C., Borchardt, M., & Zvirtes, L. (2021) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126531 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“The study also contributes by corroborating the notion that increasing the number of points of sale can reduce the FW of items with SSL (Buzby and Hyman, 2012; Smith et al., 2012).”
Background
Dynamics and Sequestration Potential of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Stocks of Leguminous Green Manure-Based Cropping Systems on the Loess Plateau of China
Yao, Z., Zhang, D., Liu, N., Yao, P., Zhao, N., Li, Y., Zhang, S., Zhai, B., Huang, D., Wang, Z., et al. (2019) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.03.022 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Limits of agricultural greenhouse gas calculators to predict soil N2O and CH4 fluxes in tropical agriculture
Richards, M., Metzel, R., Chirinda, N., Ly, P., Nyamadzawo, G., Vu, Q. D., de Neergaard, A., Oelofse, M., Wollenberg, E. K., Keller, E., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep26279 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Mapping topsoil organic carbon concentrations and stocks for Tanzania
Kempen, B., Dalsgaard, S., Kaaya, A. K., Chamuya, N., González, M. R., Pekkarinen, A., & Walsh, M. (2018) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.09.011 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Soil Degradation Processes in the Italian Agricultural and Forest Ecosystems
Costantini, E. A. C., & Lorenzetti, R. (2013) · Italian Journal of Agronomy · doi:10.4081/ija.2013.e28 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Fungal Necromass Carbon Dominates Global Soil Organic Carbon Storage
Fu, H., Chen, H., Ma, Z., Liang, G., Chadwick, D. R., Jones, D. L., Wanek, W., Wu, L., & Ma, Q. (2025) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.70413 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“Several studies have suggested that the soils can function as carbon sinks under improved agricultural management practices (Smith et al. 2012; Zhang et al. 2013).”
Synergistic impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on model ecosystems
Bartlett, L. J., Newbold, T., Purves, D. W., Tittensor, D. P., & Harfoot, M. (2016) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.1027 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“A consideration of trophic dynamics is likely to become increasingly important as land-surface models are required to operate on smaller scales [54], and our results highlight the potential magnitude of the feedback that heterotroph organisms may have on plant dynamics at these smaller scales.”
Observed and predicted changes in soil carbon stocks under export and diversified agriculture in the Caribbean. The case study of Guadeloupe
Sierra, J., Causeret, F., Diman, J., Publicol, M., Desfontaines, L., Cavalier, A., & Chopin, P. (2015) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.015 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Mineral soil carbon fluxes in forests and implications for carbon balance assessments
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Authors: Smith, P., Davies, C. A., Ogle, S., Zanchi, G., Bellarby, J., Bird, N., Boddey, R. M., McNamara, N. P., Powlson, D., Cowie, A., van Noordwijk, M., Davis, S. C., Richter, D. D. B., Kryzanowski, L., van Wijk, M. T., Stuart, J., Kirton, A., Eggar, D., Newton‐Cross, G., Adhya, T. K., & Braimoh, A. K.
Affiliations: University of Aberdeen (GB)
Shell (United Kingdom) (GB)
Colorado State University (US)
Joanneum Research (AT)
Embrapa Agrobiologia (BR)
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (GB)
Rothamsted Research (GB)
University of New England (AU)
World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Situ Gede Sindang Barang Bogor 16115 PO Box 161 Bogor 16001 Indonesia
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Duke University (US)
Government of Alberta (CA)
Plant Production Systems Group Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen NL
Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (GB)
Energy Technologies Institute (GB)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (GB)
Central Rice Research Institute (IN)
World Bank (US)
Corresponding author: Smith, Pete
ORCID: Smith, Pete
Davies, Christian A.
Ogle, Stephen
Zanchi, Giuliana
Boddey, Robert M.
McNamara, Niall P.
Powlson, David
Cowie, Annette
Davis, Sarah C.
Adhya, Tapan K.
Braimoh, Ademola K.
Venue: Global Change Biology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2012-04-09
Volume: 18
Issue: 7
Pages: 2089-2101
ISSN: 1354-1013 (ISSN-L)
1365-2486
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02689.x
OpenAlex: W2011806670
Semantic Scholar: c8bf9f232856d7f64428f18c42facca44dccc598
Cited by: 185
References: 98
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 21.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.wur.nl
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Global Change Biology (publishedVersion)
Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
Rothamsted Repository (Rothamsted Repository) (submittedVersion)
CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council) (submittedVersion)
RUNE (Research UNE) (submittedVersion)
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Royal Society
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/C/00004980, BBS/E/C/00004977)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
Keywords: soil carbon, greenhouse gas accounting, energy crops, food crops, carbon footprint calculation, life cycle assessment, biofuel sustainability, soil carbon modeling, uncertainty quantification, chronosequence, scale-up

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Towards an integrated global framework to assess the impacts of land use and management change on soil carbon: current capability and future vision

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