Cited by 1,575Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 273 of the 273 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Common emotional and behavioral disorders in preschool children: presentation, nosology, and epidemiology

Egger, Helen Link, Angold, Adrian·2006·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01618.x

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

We review recent research on the presentation, nosology and epidemiology of behavioral and emotional psychiatric disorders in preschool children (children ages 2 through 5 years old), focusing on the five most common groups of childhood psychiatric disorders: attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, oppositional defiant and conduct disorders, anxiety disorders, and depressive disorders. We review the various approaches to classifying behavioral and emotional dysregulation in preschoolers and determining the boundaries between normative variation and clinically significant presentations. While highlighting the limitations of the current DSM‐IV diagnostic criteria for identifying preschool psychopathology and reviewing alternative diagnostic approaches, we also present evidence supporting the reliability and validity of developmentally appropriate criteria for diagnosing psychiatric disorders in children as young as two years old. Despite the relative lack of research on preschool psychopathology compared with studies of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in older children, the current evidence now shows quite convincingly that the rates of the common child psychiatric disorders and the patterns of comorbidity among them in preschoolers are similar to those seen in later childhood. We review the implications of these conclusions for research on the etiology, nosology, and development of early onset of psychiatric disorders, and for targeted treatment, early intervention and prevention with young children.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01618.x

Cites

273 of 273 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391
Prevalence, Severity, and Comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. T., Demler, O., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617 · Cited by 12,052
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR)
American Psychiatric Association (2000) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890423349 · Cited by 11,069
A Handbook of Child Psychology
(1932) · Nature · doi:10.1038/130331a0 · Cited by 10,133
Research Diagnostic Criteria
Spitzer, R. L. (1978) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1978.01770300115013 · Cited by 6,946
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment
Barkley, R. A., & Poillion, M. J. (1994) · Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/019874299401900205 · Cited by 4,635
Précis of The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry into the functions of the septo-hippocampal system
Gray, J. A. (1982) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00013066 · Cited by 4,477
Investigations of Temperament at Three to Seven Years: The Children's Behavior Questionnaire
Rothbart, M. K., Ahadi, S. A., Hershey, K. L., & Fisher, P. A. (2001) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00355 · Cited by 2,602
Manual for the ASEBA preschool forms and profiles
Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. (2000) · Cited by 2,503
The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC): factor structure, reliability, and validity
MARCH, J. S., PARKER, J. D. A., SULLIVAN, K., STALLINGS, P., & CONNERS, C. K. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199704000-00019 · Cited by 2,236
Temperament and Development
Gartstein, M. A., & Desmarais, E. (2016) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483340333.n409 · Cited by 2,185
Temperament: Early Developing Personality Traits
Buss, A. H., & Plomin, R. J. (1984) · Research Portal (King's College London) · Cited by 2,164
Prior Juvenile Diagnoses in Adults With Mental Disorder: Developmental Follow-Back of a Prospective-Longitudinal Cohort
Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Harrington, H., Milne, B. J., & Poulton, R. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.7.709 · Cited by 2,025
Effortful control in early childhood: Continuity and change, antecedents, and implications for social development.
Kochanska, G., Murray, K. T., & Harlan, E. T. (2000) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.36.2.220 · Cited by 1,993
Advances in Clinical Child Psychology
Lahey, B. B., & Kazdin, A. E. (1979) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9802-8 · Cited by 1,920
Social, emotional, and personality development
Eisenberg, N., & Damon, W. (1998) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 1,903
Comorbidity
Angold, A., Costello, E. J., & Erkanli, A. (1999) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00424 · Cited by 1,872
Self-citation
The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version 2.3 (DISC-2.3): Description, Acceptability, Prevalence Rates, and Performance in the MECA Study
SHAFFER, D., FISHER, P., DULCAN, M. K., DAVIES, M., PIACENTINI, J., SCHWAB-STONE, M. E., LAHEY, B. B., BOURDON, K., JENSEN, P. S., BIRD, H. R., et al. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199607000-00012 · Cited by 1,587
The classification of child psychopathology: A review and analysis of empirical efforts.
Achenbach, T. M., & EDELBROCK, C. S. (1978) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.85.6.1275 · Cited by 1,521
Epidemiological Surveys of Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders: An Update
Fombonne, E. (2003) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1025054610557 · Cited by 1,505
Trajectories of Boys' Physical Aggression, Opposition, and Hyperactivity on the Path to Physically Violent and Nonviolent Juvenile Delinquency
Nagin, D. S., & Tremblay, R. E. (1999) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00086 · Cited by 1,361
Behavior Problems in Preschool Children: A Review of Recent Research
Campbell, S. B. (1995) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01657.x · Cited by 1,356
A Temperament Theory of Personality Development
Revelle, W., Buss, A. H., & Plomin, R. J. (1976) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421420 · Cited by 1,331
Handbook of infant mental health
Zeanah, C. H. (2009) · Cited by 1,282
The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999: The Prevalence of DSM-IV Disorders
FORD, T., GOODMAN, R., & MELTZER, H. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200310000-00011 · Cited by 1,227
Behavioral Observations at Age 3 Years Predict Adult Psychiatric Disorders: Longitudinal Evidence From a Birth Cohort
Caspi, A. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830110071009 · Cited by 1,159
10-year research update review: The epidemiology of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: I. Methods and public health burden
Costello, E. J., Egger, H., & Angold, A. (2005) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000172552.41596.6f · Cited by 1,134
Self-citation
Roundtable: What Is Temperament? Four Approaches
Goldsmith, H. H., Buss, A. H., Plomin, R. J., Rothbart, M. K., Thomas, A., Chess, S., Hinde, R. A., & McCall, R. B. (1987) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130527 · Cited by 1,120
Clinical implications of attachment
Rutter, M. L. (1989) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90096-2 · Cited by 1,065
Child Psychology: A Handbook of Contemporary Issues
Daley, D. (2005) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/j.1475-3588.2005.00125_4.x · Cited by 1,052
Comorbidity in Child Psychopathology: Concepts, Issues and Research Strategies
Caron, C., & Rutter, M. (1991) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00350.x · Cited by 1,051
Childhood-onset versus adolescent-onset antisocial conduct problems in males: Natural history from ages 3 to 18 years
Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Dickson, N., Silva, P., & Stanton, W. (1996) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579400007161 · Cited by 965
Temperament and Development
Zrull, J. P. (1978) · Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0002-7138(09)61026-8 · Cited by 947
The Development of Self-Regulation in the First Four Years of Life
Kochanska, G., Coy, K. C., & Murray, K. T. (2001) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00336 · Cited by 937
Autism and the pervasive developmental disorders
Volkmar, F. R., & Klin, A. (2012) · doi:10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0214 · Cited by 931
Continuity and discontinuity of behavioral inhibition and exuberance: psychophysiological and behavioral influences across the first four years of life
Fox, N. A., Henderson, H. A., Rubin, K. H., Calkins, S. D., & Schmidt, L. A. (2001) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00262 · Cited by 898
Development of juvenile aggression and violence: Some common misconceptions and controversies.
Loeber, R., & Stouthamer‐Loeber, M. (1998) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.53.2.242 · Cited by 883
Trends in the Prescribing of Psychotropic Medications to Preschoolers
Zito, J. M. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.8.1025 · Cited by 863
Temperamental Origins of Child and Adolescent Behavior Problems: From Age Three to Age Fifteen
Caspi, A., Henry, B., McGee, R. O., Moffitt, T. E., & Silva, P. A. (1995) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00855.x · Cited by 862
Reactive and effortful processes in the organization of temperament
Derryberry, D., & Rothbart, M. K. (1997) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579497001375 · Cited by 858
The development of aggressive behaviour during childhood: What have we learned in the past century?
Tremblay, R. E. (2000) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1080/016502500383232 · Cited by 842
Empirically based assessment of the behavioral/emotional problems of 2- and 3- year-old children
Achenbach, T. M., EDELBROCK, C. S., & Howell, C. T. (1987) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00917246 · Cited by 810
Handbook of Infant Mental Health
Sprunger, L. W. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199504000-00020 · Cited by 787
Structure of anxiety symptoms among children: A confirmatory factor-analytic study.
Spence, S. H. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.106.2.280 · Cited by 753
Structure of anxiety symptoms among children: A confirmatory factor-analytic study.
Spence, S. H. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.106.2.280 · Cited by 753
Preschool Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Impairments in Behavioral, Social, and School Functioning
DuPaul, G. J., McGoey, K. E., Eckert, T. L., & VanBrakle, J. D. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200105000-00009 · Cited by 744
Behavioral Inhibition and Stress Reactivity: The Moderating Role of Attachment Security
Nachmias, M., Gunnar, M., Mangelsdorf, S., Parritz, R. H., & Buss, K. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131829 · Cited by 730
Temperamental Qualities at Age Three Predict Personality Traits in Young Adulthood: Longitudinal Evidence from a Birth Cohort
Caspi, A., & Silva, P. A. (1995) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00885.x · Cited by 726
Behavioral Inhibition and Stress Reactivity: The Moderating Role of Attachment Security
Nachmias, M., Gunnar, M. R., Mangelsdorf, S. C., Parritz, R. H., & Buss, K. A. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01748.x · Cited by 724
Trajectories leading to school-age conduct problems.
Shaw, D., Gilliom, M., Ingoldsby, E. M., & Nagin, D. (2003) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.39.2.189 · Cited by 708
Clinical Implications of Attachment
Belsky, J., & Nezworski, T. M. (2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315825526 · Cited by 687
Trajectories leading to school-age conduct problems.
Shaw, D. S., Gilliom, M., Ingoldsby, E. M., & Nagin, D. S. (2003) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.39.2.189 · Cited by 652
Depressive comorbidity in children and adolescents: empirical, theoretical, and methodological issues
(1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.12.1779 · Cited by 626
Self-citation
A behavior rating scale for the preschool child.
Behar, L. B., & Stringfield, S. C. (1974) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0037058 · Cited by 625
Autism and pervasive developmental disorders
Volkmar, F. R., Lord, C., Bailey, A., Schultz, R. T., & Klin, A. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00317.x · Cited by 616
Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents
March, J. S. (2005) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-01199-0.50251-6 · Cited by 600
Interaction between conduct disorder and its comorbid conditions: Effects of age and gender
Loeber, R. (1994) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(94)90015-9 · Cited by 591
Test-retest reliability of the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA)
EGGER, H. L., ERKANLI, A., KEELER, G., POTTS, E., WALTER, B. K., & ANGOLD, A. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000205705.71194.b8 · Cited by 589
Self-citation
Predicting Early Onset of Male Antisocial Behavior From Preschool Behavior
Tremblay, R. E. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950090064009 · Cited by 588
Impaired but Undiagnosed
Angold, A. C., Costello, E. J., Farmer, E. M. Z., Burns, B. J., & ERKANLI, A. (1999) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199902000-00011 · Cited by 564
Self-citation
Prevalence Rates and Correlates of Psychiatric Disorders among Preschool Children
Lavigne, J. V., Gibbons, R. D., Christoffel, K. K., Arend, R. A., Rosenbaum, D. L., Binns, H. J., DAWSON, N., SOBEL, H., & Isaacs, C. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199602000-00014 · Cited by 561
The structure of anxiety symptoms among preschoolers
Spence, S. H., Rapee, R., McDonald, C., & Ingram, M. (2001) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00098-x · Cited by 534
Temperamental Origins of Child and Adolescent Behavior Problems: From Age Three to Age Fifteen
Caspi, A., Henry, B., McGee, R. O., et al. (1995) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131190 · Cited by 524
A 3-Year Follow-up of Children with and without Behavioral Inhibition
Biederman, J., Rosenbaum, J. F., Bolduc, E. A., Faraone, S. V., Chaloff, J., HIRSHFELD, D. R., & Kagan, J. (1993) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199307000-00016 · Cited by 516
Stable behavioral inhibition and its association with anxiety disorder
HIRSHFELD, D. R., ROSENBAUM, J. F., BIEDERMAN, J., BOLDUC, E. A., FARAONE, S. V., SNIDMAN, N., REZNICK, J. S., & KAGAN, J. (1992) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199201000-00016 · Cited by 491
Untitled work
(2002) · Cited by 479
The DSM-IV Rates of Child and Adolescent Disordersin Puerto Rico
CANINO, G. J., Shrout, P. E., Rubio‐Stipec, M., Bird, H., Bravo, M., Ramírez, R., Chavez, L. M., Alegria, M. M., Bauermeister, J. J., Hohmann, A. A., et al. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.1.85 · Cited by 469
Follow‐up of Hard‐to‐Manage Preschoolers: Adjustment at Age 9 and Predictors of Continuing Symptoms
Campbell, S. B. G., & Ewing, L. J. (1990) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00831.x · Cited by 461
Assessment of young children's social‐emotional development and psychopathology: recent advances and recommendations for practice
Carter, A. S., Briggs‐Gowan, M. J., & Davis, N. O. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00316.x · Cited by 460
Pre-school to School: a Behavioural Study
Sturge, J. C. (1983) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.58.5.398-a · Cited by 453
Psychiatric Disorders in Pediatric Primary Care
Costello, E. J. (1988) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800360055008 · Cited by 451
Recent life events, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone and the onset of major depression in high-risk adolescents
Goodyer, I. M., Herbert, J., Tamplin, A., & Altham, P. M. E. (2000) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.177.6.499 · Cited by 436
Two Approaches to the Diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Infancy and Early Childhood
Scheeringa, M. S., Zeanah, C. H., Drell, M. J., & Larrieu, J. A. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199502000-00014 · Cited by 434
Validity of DSM‐IV Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder for Younger Children
LAHEY, B. B., PELHAM, W. E., STEIN, M. A., LONEY, J., TRAPANI, C., NUGENT, K., KIPP, H., SCHMIDT, E., LEE, S., CALE, M., et al. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199807000-00008 · Cited by 422
Temperament in Early Childhood
Rowe, D., & Plomin, R. J. (1977) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4102_5 · Cited by 418
Development of executive attention in preschool children
Jones, L. B., Rothbart, M. K., & Posner, M. I. (2003) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/1467-7687.00307 · Cited by 414
The search for the age of ‘onset’ of physical aggression: Rousseau and Bandura revisited
Tremblay, R. E., Japel, C., Pérusse, D., McDuff, P., Boivin, M., Zoccolillo, M., & Montplaisir, J. Y. (1999) · Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/cbm.288 · Cited by 409
Depression in children and adolescents.
Toolan, J. M. (1962) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1962.tb00290.x · Cited by 408
DC:0-3R : Diagnostic classification of mental health and developmental disorders of infancy and early childhood
Three, Z. T. (2005) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 393
Psychiatric Comorbidity and Functioning in Clinically Referred Preschool Children and School-Age Youths With ADHD
WILENS, T. E., BIEDERMAN, J., BROWN, S., TANGUAY, S., MONUTEAUX, M. C., BLAKE, C., & SPENCER, T. J. (2002) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200203000-00005 · Cited by 391
Handbook of infant, toddler, and preschool mental health assessment.
DelCarmen‐Wiggins, R., & Carter, A. S. (2004) · Cited by 388
Issues of taxonomy and comorbidity in the development of conduct disorder
Hinshaw, S. P., Lahey, B. B., & Hart, E. L. (1993) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579400004247 · Cited by 384
Temperament and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: The Development of a Multiple Pathway Model
Nigg, J. T., Goldsmith, H. H., & Sachek, J. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_5 · Cited by 383
Predicting preschoolers' externalizing behaviors from toddler temperament, conflict, and maternal negativity.
Rubin, K. H., Burgess, K. B., Dwyer, K. M., & Hastings, P. D. (2002) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.39.1.164 · Cited by 377
PREVALENCE OF BEHAVIOUR PROBLEMS IN 3‐YEAR‐OLD CHILDREN: AN EP1DEMIOLOGICAL STUDY IN A LONDON BOROUGH
Richman, N., Stevenson, J., & GRAHAM, P. J. (1975) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb00362.x · Cited by 368
Three-Year Predictive Validity of DSM-IV Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Diagnosed at 4–6 Years of Age
Lahey, B. B., Pelham, W. E., Loney, J., Kipp, H., Ehrhardt, A., Lee, S. S., Willcutt, E. G., Hartung, C. M., Chronis, A. M., & Massetti, G. M. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.2014 · Cited by 365
Infant and Toddler Pathways Leading to Early Externalizing Disorders
Shaw, D. S., Owens, E. B., Giovannelli, J. L., & Winslow, E. B. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200101000-00014 · Cited by 345
More than the Terrible Twos: The Nature and Severity of Behavior Problems in Clinic-Referred Preschool Children
Keenan, K., & Wakschlag, L. S. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1023/a:1005118000977 · Cited by 341
Psychiatric Disorders With Onset in the Preschool Years: I. Stability of Diagnoses
Lavigne, J. V., Arend, R. A., Rosenbaum, D. L., Binns, H. J., Christoffel, K. K., & Gibbons, R. D. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199812000-00007 · Cited by 327
A twin study of anxiety-related behaviours in pre-school children
Eley, T. C., Bolton, D., O'Connor, T. G., Perrin, S., Smith, P., & Plomin, R. (2003) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00179 · Cited by 318
Temperamental and familial predictors of violent and nonviolent criminal convictions: Age 3 to age 18.
Henry, B., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., & Silva, P. A. (1996) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.614 · Cited by 313
Genetic Studies of Autism: From the 1970s into the Millennium
Rutter, M. L. (2000) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1005113900068 · Cited by 299
Pre-school to school: A behavioural study.
Richman, N., Stevenson, J. L., & Graham, P. J. (1982) · Academic Press eBooks · Cited by 298
Mother-Child Interaction at Age Two Years and Perceived Difficult Temperament
Lee, C. L., & Bates, J. E. (1985) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1985.tb00199.x · Cited by 298
Fearlessness, Stimulation-Seeking, and Large Body Size at Age 3 Years as Early Predispositions to Childhood Aggression at Age 11 Years
Raine, A., Reynolds, C. A., Venables, P. H., Mednick, S. A., & Farrington, D. P. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.8.745 · Cited by 271
Perspectives on behavioral inhibition
Reznick, J. S., & John, D. R. (1989) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · Cited by 268
Sleep and Behavior Problems Among Preschoolers
Lavigne, J. V., Arend, R. A., Rosenbaum, D. L., Smith, A. W., Weissbluth, M., Binns, H. J., & Christoffel, K. K. (1999) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-199906000-00005 · Cited by 267
Early Preschool Predictors of Preadolescent Internalizing and Externalizing DSM-IV Diagnoses
MESMAN, J., & KOOT, H. M. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200109000-00011 · Cited by 265
Early risk factors and pathways in the development of early disruptive behavior problems
Shaw, D. S., Owens, E. B., Vondra, J. I., Keenan, K. E., & Winslow, E. B. (1996) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579400007367 · Cited by 262
Evidence for the Continuity of Early Problem Behaviors: Application of a Developmental Model
Keenan, K. E., Shaw, D. S., Delliquadri, E., Giovannelli, J. L., & Walsh, B. (1998) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1022647717926 · Cited by 254
A TWELVE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF PRESCHOOL HYPERACTIVE CHILDREN
McGee, R. O., Partridge, F. M., Williams, S., & Silva, P. A. (1991) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199103000-00010 · Cited by 254
Temperament and novelty seeking in adolescent substance use: Convergence of dimensions of temperament with constructs from Cloninger's theory.
Wills, T. A., Windle, M. T., & Cleary, S. D. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.74.2.387 · Cited by 254
Mother-Child Interaction at Age Two Years and Perceived Difficult Temperament
Lee, C. L., & Bates, J. E. (1985) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130246 · Cited by 254
Adolescents with ADHD: Patterns of behavioral adjustment, academic functioning, and treatment utilization
Barkley, R. A., Anastopoulos, A. D., Guevremont, D. C., & Fletcher, K. E. (1991) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0890-8567(10)80010-3 · Cited by 252
Are planning, working memory, and inhibition associated with individual differences in preschool ADHD symptoms?
Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Dalen, L., Daley, D., & Remington, B. (2002) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1207/s15326942dn2103_3 · Cited by 250
Attention-deficit hyperactivity and conduct disorder: Comorbidity and implications for treatment.
Abikoff, H., & Klein, R. G. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.60.6.881 · Cited by 240
A developmental study of the behavior problems of normal children between twenty-one months and fourteen years.
Macfarlane, J. W., Allen, L. A., & Honzik, M. P. (1954) · PubMed · Cited by 239
Identification and Management of Psychosocial and Developmental Problems in Community-Based, Primary Care Pediatric Practices
Horwitz, S. M., Leaf, P. J., Leventhal, J. M., Forsyth, B. W. C., & Speechley, K. N. (1992) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.89.3.480 · Cited by 231
Behavioral and Emotional Problems Among Preschool Children in Pediatric Primary Care: Prevalence and Pediatricians' Recognition
Lavigne, J. V., Binns, H. J., Christoffel, K. K., Rosenbaum, D. L., Arend, R. A., Smith, K., Hayford, J. R., & MCGuire, P. A. (1993) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.91.3.649 · Cited by 231
DEPRESSION IN CHILDHOOD
Rie, H. E. (1966) · Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0002-7138(09)61960-9 · Cited by 227
Attention-deficit hyperactivity and conduct disorder: comorbidity and implications for treatment.
Abikoff, H., & Klein, R. G. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.60.6.881 · Cited by 226
Risk Indicators: Assessment of Infancy Predictors of Pre‐School Behavioural Maladjustment
Sanson, A. V., Oberklaid, F., Pedlow, R., & Prior, M. R. (1991) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00338.x · Cited by 223
Antecedents of Preschool Children's Internalizing Problems: A Longitudinal Study of Low-Income Families
Shaw, D. S., Keenan, K. E., Vondra, J. I., DELLIQUARDI, E., & Giovannelli, J. L. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199712000-00025 · Cited by 223
The Clinical Picture of Depression in Preschool Children
Luby, J. L., Heffelfinger, A. K., Mrakotsky, C., Brown, K., HESSLER, M. J., WALLIS, J. M., & Spitznagel, E. L. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200303000-00015 · Cited by 222
Worry in Normal Children
MURIS, P., MEESTERS, C., MERCKELBACH, H., SERMON, A., & ZWAKHALEN, S. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199807000-00009 · Cited by 214
The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC)
March, J. S., & Parker, J. D. A. (2014) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410610621-2 · Cited by 213
BEHAVIOUR PROBLEMS IN PRE‐SCHOOL CHILDREN
Jenkins, S., BAX, M. C. O., & Hart, H. (1980) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1980.tb00011.x · Cited by 212
Follow-Up of a Preschool Epidemiological Sample: Cross-Age Continuities and Predictions of Later Adjustment with Internalizing and Externalizing Dimensions of Behavior
Fischer, M., Rolf, J. E., Hasazi, J. E., & Cummings, L. (1984) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129840 · Cited by 211
Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Young Preschoolers: Cross-Cultural Testing of the Validity of the Child Behavior Checklist/2-3
Koot, H. M., van den Oord, E. J. C. G., Verhulst, F. C., & Boomsma, D. I. (1997) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1025791814893 · Cited by 208
Representativeness of clinical samples of youths with mental disorders: A preliminary population-based study.
Goodman, S. H., LAHEY, B. B., Fielding, B., Dulcan, M. K., Narrow, W. E., & Regier, D. A. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.106.1.3 · Cited by 207
Preschool Major Depressive Disorder: Preliminary Validation for Developmentally Modified DSM-IV Criteria
Luby, J. L., Heffelfinger, A. K., Mrakotsky, C., HESSLER, M. J., Brown, K., & HILDEBRAND, T. (2002) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200208000-00011 · Cited by 205
Adolescent Outcomes of Childhood Disorders: The Consequences of Severity and Impairment
Costello, E. J., Angold, A. C., & Keeler, G. P. (1999) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199902000-00010 · Cited by 199
Self-citation
Psychiatric Epidemiology: It’s Not Just About Counting Anymore
Insel, T. R., & Fenton, W. S. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.590 · Cited by 198
Preschool Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Prevalence, Diagnosis, Neurobiology, and Stimulant Treatment
Connor, D. F. (2002) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-200202001-00002 · Cited by 197
Natural categories or fundamental dimensions: On carving nature at the joints and the rearticulation of psychopathology
PICKLES, A., & ANGOLD, A. (2003) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579403000282 · Cited by 193
Self-citation
DSM-III-R Disorders in Preschool Children From Low-Income Families
Keenan, K. E., Shaw, D. S., Walsh, B., Delliquadri, E., & Giovannelli, J. L. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199705000-00012 · Cited by 192
Alterations in Stress Cortisol Reactivity in Depressed Preschoolers Relative to Psychiatric and No-Disorder Comparison Groups
Luby, J. L., Heffelfinger, A., Mrakotsky, C., Brown, K., Hessler, M., & Spitznagel, E. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.12.1248 · Cited by 184
Trends in the Use of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics in Children and Adolescents
Patel, N. C., Crismon, M. L., Hoagwood, K., Johnsrud, M. T., Rascati, K. L., Wilson, J. P., & Jensen, P. S. (2005) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000157543.74509.c8 · Cited by 183
Prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in 4- to 17-Year-Old Children in the General Population
Pineda, D. A., Ardila, A., Rosselli, M., Arias, B. E., Henao, G. C., Gómez, L. F., Mejía-Arango, S., & Miranda, M. L. (1999) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1021932009936 · Cited by 182
The Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA): A Structured Parent Interview for Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders in Preschool Children.
EGGER, H. L., & Angold, A. C. (2004) · Cited by 182
Self-citation
Psychiatric disorders: Problems of boundaries and comorbidity.
Klein, D. N., & Riso, L. P. (1993) · Cited by 181
Linking temperamental fearfulness and anxiety symptoms: a behavior–genetic perspective
Goldsmith, H. H., & Lemery‐Chalfant, K. (2000) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01003-9 · Cited by 177
DSM-IV Symptoms in Community and Clinic Preschool Children
Gadow, K. D., Sprafkin, J. N., & Nolan, E. E. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200112000-00008 · Cited by 177
Who gets treated? Factors associated with referral in children with psychiatric disorders
Costello, E. J., & Janiszewski, S. (1990) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05492.x · Cited by 173
Prevalence of Behavior Problems in 3-Year-Old Children
Earls, F. J. (1980) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780230071010 · Cited by 172
Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in youth: Treatment implications.
Kendall, P. C., Kortlander, E., Chansky, T. E., & Brady, E. U. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.60.6.869 · Cited by 169
Familiality and Heritability of Subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Population Sample of Adolescent Female Twins
Todd, R. D., Rasmussen, E. R., Neuman, R. J., Reich, W., Hudziak, J. J., Bucholz, K. K., Madden, P. A. F., & Heath, A. C. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1891 · Cited by 165
BEHAVIOUR PROBLEMS AND LANGUAGE ABILITIES AT THREE YEARS AND BEHAVIOURAL DEVIANCE AT EIGHT YEARS
Stevenson, J., Richman, N., & GRAHAM, P. J. (1985) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1985.tb02261.x · Cited by 163
Preschool boys with oppositional defiant disorder: clinical presentation and diagnostic change.
Speltz, M. L., McClellan, J., Deklyen, M., & Jones, K. S. (1999) · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199907000-00013 · Cited by 163
Difficult Temperament and Behaviour Problems: A Longitudinal Study from 1.5 to 12 Years
Guerin, D. W., Gottfried, A. W., & Thomas, C. W. (1997) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1080/016502597384992 · Cited by 162
Research Diagnostic Criteria for Infants and Preschool Children: The Process and Empirical Support
Scheeringa, M. S. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200312000-00018 · Cited by 159
Can a Valid Diagnosis of Disruptive Behavior Disorder Be Made in Preschool Children?
Keenan, K. E., & Wakschlag, L. S. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.3.351 · Cited by 159
Early Parent–Child Relations and Family Functioning of Preschool Boys with Pervasive Hyperactivity
Keown, L. J., & Woodward, L. J. (2002) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1020803412247 · Cited by 153
PARENT‐REFERRED PROBLEM THREE‐YEAR‐OLDS: FOLLOW‐UP AT SCHOOL ENTRY
Campbell, S. B. G., Ewing, L. J., Breaux, A. M., & Szumowski, E. K. (1986) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00635.x · Cited by 151
NOTES ON CHILDHOOD DEPRESSION.
SANDLER, J., & Joffe, W. G. (1965) · PubMed · Cited by 151
Temperament and Home Environment Characteristics as Causal Factors in the Early Development of Childhood Psychopathology
Earls, F. J., & Jung, K. G. (1987) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-198707000-00005 · Cited by 150
Attachment in preschoolers with disruptive behavior: A comparison of clinic-referred and nonproblem children
Speltz, M. L., Greenberg, M. T., & DeKlyen, M. (1990) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579400000572 · Cited by 148
Temperament dimensions explain the comorbidity of psychiatric disorders
Battaglia, M., Przybeck, T. R., Bellodi, L., & Cloninger, C. R. (1996) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90008-5 · Cited by 146
Child psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial impairment: relationship and prognostic significance
Pickles, A. R., Rowe, R., Simonoff, E. A., Foley, D. L., Rutter, M. L., & Silberg, J. L. (2001) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.179.3.230 · Cited by 146
Irritability in pediatric mania and other childhood psychopathology
LEIBENLUFT, E., BLAIR, R. J. R., CHARNEY, D. S., & PINE, D. S. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1301.022 · Cited by 145
Development as progressive inhibitory control of action: retrieval of a contiguous object
Diamond, A., & Gilbert, J. (1989) · Cognitive Development · doi:10.1016/0885-2014(89)90007-5 · Cited by 144
Neuropsychological characteristics and test behaviors of boys with early onset conduct problems.
Speltz, M. L., DeKlyen, M., Calderon, R., Greenberg, M. T., & Fisher, P. A. (1999) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.108.2.315 · Cited by 144
Basic issues in psychopathology
Costello, C. G. (1993) · Guilford Press eBooks · Cited by 140
Short-Term Outcome of Major Depression: II. Life Events, Family Dysfunction, and Friendship Difficulties as Predictors of Persistent Disorder
Goodyer, I. M., Herbert, J., Tamplin, A., SECHER, S. M., & PEARSON, J. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199704000-00009 · Cited by 139
A Longitudinal Twin Study of Temperament and Behavior Problems: Common Genetic or Environmental Influences?
Gjone, H., & Stevenson, J. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199710000-00028 · Cited by 138
Genetic etiology of behavioral inhibition among 2-year-old children
DiLalla, L. F., Kagan, J., & Reznick, J. S. (1994) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/0163-6383(94)90032-9 · Cited by 138
Validity of DSM-IV Conduct Disorder in 4½–5-Year-Old Children: A Longitudinal Epidemiological Study
Kim-Cohen, J., Arseneault, L., Caspi, A., Tomás, M. P., Taylor, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.6.1108 · Cited by 137
Prevention, the appropriate target of infant psychotherapy
Fonagy, P. (1998) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0355(199822)19:2 · Cited by 134
Early Intervention for Preschool-Age Children with ADHD
McGoey, K. E., Eckert, T. L., & DuPaul, G. J. (2002) · Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/106342660201000103 · Cited by 133
Differences between preschool children with ODD, ADHD, and ODD+ADHD symptoms
Gadow, K. D., & Nolan, E. E. (2002) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00012 · Cited by 132
The role of frontal activation in the regulation and dysregulation of social behavior during the preschool years
Fox, N. A., Schmidt, L. A., Calkins, S. D., Rubin, K. H., & Coplan, R. J. (1996) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579400006982 · Cited by 130
The Development of Patterns of Stable, Transient, and School-Age Onset Aggressive Behavior in Young Children
Kingston, L., & Prior, M. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199503000-00021 · Cited by 130
Integrating Research on Temperament and Childhood Psychopathology: Its Pitfalls and Promise
Frick, P. J. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_1 · Cited by 125
An integrative, multidisciplinary approach to the study of brain–behavior relations in the context of typical and atypical development
NELSON, C. A., BLOOM, F. E., CAMERON, J. L., AMARAL, D., DAHL, R. E., & PINE, D. (2002) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579402003061 · Cited by 124
Associations Between Expressed Emotion and Child Behavioral Inhibition and Psychopathology: A Pilot Study
HIRSHFELD, D. R., Biederman, J., Brody, L. R., Faraone, S. V., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199702000-00011 · Cited by 122
An organizational perspective on the self.
Sroufe, L. A. (1990) · Cited by 121
A genetic study of maternal and paternal ratings of problem behaviors in 3-year-old twins.
van den Oord, E. J. C. G., Verhulst, F. C., & Boomsma, D. I. (1996) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.349 · Cited by 120
The revised version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED‐R): Treatment sensitivity in an early intervention trial for childhood anxiety disorders
Muris, P., Mayer, B., Bartelds, E., Tierney, S., & Bogie, N. (2001) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466501163724 · Cited by 118
Comorbidity: concepts, claims and choices
Rutter, M. L. (1997) · Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/cbm.190 · Cited by 118
The incidence, prevalence, and severity of behavior disorders among preschool-aged children in day care
Crowther, J. H., Bond, L. A., & Rolf, J. E. (1981) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00917855 · Cited by 116
Longitudinal Relations between Temperament Traits and Behavioral Syndromes in Middle Childhood
Rende, R. (1993) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199303000-00008 · Cited by 114
Behavioral inhibition and disinhibition as hypothesized precursors to psychopathology
Hirshfeld‐Becker, D. R., Biederman, J., Calltharp, S., Rosenbaum, E. D., Faraone, S. V., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00316-0 · Cited by 114
Familial clustering of latent class and DSM‐IV defined attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes
Rasmussen, E., Neuman, R. J., Heath, A. C., Lévy, F., Hay, D. A., & Todd, R. D. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00248.x · Cited by 114
Association between behaviour at age 3 years and adult criminality
Stevenson, J., & Goodman, R. (2001) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.179.3.197 · Cited by 114
A Twin‐Singleton Comparison of Problem Behaviour in 2‐3‐Year‐Olds
van den Oord, E. J. C. G., Koot, H. M., Boomsma, D. I., Verhulst, F. C., & Orlebeke, J. F. (1995) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01302.x · Cited by 113
Mental Health Service Use Among Young Children Receiving Pediatric Primary Care
Lavigne, J. V., Arend, R. A., Rosenbaum, D. L., Binns, H. J., Christoffel, K. K., BURNS, A., & Smith, A. P. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199811000-00017 · Cited by 113
Behaviour Problems in Pre-School Children: Family and Social Factors
Richman, N. (1977) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.131.5.523 · Cited by 106
"Comorbidity" in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Categorical and Quantitative Perspectives
Achenbach, T. M. (1990) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.1990.1.271 · Cited by 105
Replication of the latent class structure of Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes in a sample of Australian twins
Rasmussen, E. R., Neuman, R. J., Heath, A. C., Lévy, F., Hay, D. A., & Todd, R. D. (2002) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00229 · Cited by 105
Seriously depressed preschoolers
Kashani, J. H., & Carlson, G. A. (1987) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.144.3.348 · Cited by 104
Psychiatric Disorders With Onset in the Preschool Years: II. Correlates and Predictors of Stable Case Status
Lavigne, J. V., Arend, R. A., Rosenbaum, D. L., Binns, H. J., Christoffel, K. K., & Gibbons, R. D. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199812000-00008 · Cited by 103
Disruptive Behavior in Young Children: What Does It Mean?
Thomas, J. M., & Guskin, K. A. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200101000-00015 · Cited by 102
Karolinska Psychodynamic Profile. KAPP.
Weinryb, R. M., & Rössel, R. J. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 100
Modification of DSM-IV Criteria for Depressed Preschool Children
Luby, J. L., Mrakotsky, C., Heffelfinger, A. K., Brown, K., HESSLER, M. J., & Spitznagel, E. L. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.6.1169 · Cited by 100
Attachment disorders in infancy and early childhood: A preliminary investigation of diagnostic criteria
Boris, N. W., Zeanah, C. H., Larrieu, J. A., Scheeringa, M. S., & Heller, S. S. (1998) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.155.2.295 · Cited by 99
The Development of Normal Fear: A Review *
Marks, I. S. (1987) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1987.tb01552.x · Cited by 99
Patterns of Psychopathology and Dysfunction in Clinically Referred Preschoolers
Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., BROWN, S., Monuteaux, M. C., Prince, J. B., & Spencer, T. J. (2002) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-200202001-00006 · Cited by 98
Categorical Models of Childhood Disorder: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis
Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (1998) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00306 · Cited by 96
Diagnostic classification, 0-3 : diagnostic classification of mental health and developmental disorders of infancy and early childhood
Three, Z. T. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 95
Prevalence of problem behavior in Dutch children aged 2‐3
Koot, H. M., & Verhulst, F. C. (1991) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb10574.x · Cited by 95
A genetic study of maternal and paternal ratings of problem behaviors in 3-year-old twins.
van den Oord, E. J. C. G., Verhulst, F. C., & Boomsma, D. I. (1996) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.105.3.349 · Cited by 95
Comorbidity of Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Nottelmann, E. D., & Jensen, P. S. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9044-3_3 · Cited by 93
Clinical Significance and Correlates of Disruptive Behavior in Environmentally At-Risk Preschoolers
Wakschlag, L. S., & Keenan, K. E. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3002_13 · Cited by 93
Temperament and Major Depression in 11 to 16 Year Olds
Goodyer, I. M., Ashby, L., ALTHAM, P. M. E., Vize, C. M., & Cooper, P. (1993) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb02099.x · Cited by 90
Factor and Latent Class Analysis of DSM-IV ADHD Symptoms in a School Sample of Brazilian Adolescents
Rohde, L. A., Barbosa, G. A., Polanczyk, G. V., Eizirik, M., RASMUSSEN, E. R., Neuman, R. J., & Todd, R. D. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200106000-00017 · Cited by 89
Social–Cognitive Processes in Preschool Boys With and Without Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Coy, K. C., Speltz, M. L., DeKlyen, M., & Jones, K. A. (2001) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1005279828676 · Cited by 88
Toward Establishing an Empirical Basis for the Diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Angold, A. C., & Costello, E. J. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199609000-00018 · Cited by 84
Self-citation
The Depressed Child and Adolescent: Developmental and Clinical Perspectives
KIM-LEFF, M. (1996) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.153.7.963-a · Cited by 82
Attachment in boys with early onset conduct problems
SPELTZ, M. L., DEKLYEN, M., & GREENBERG, M. T. (1999) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579499002059 · Cited by 82
Depression and depressive symptoms in preschool children from the general population
Kashani, J. H., Holcomb, W. R., & Orvaschel, H. (1986) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.143.9.1138 · Cited by 78

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 18

Achenbach T.M., 1991, Rochester Symposium on Developmental Psychopathology, Volume 3: Models and integrations
Angold A., Prevalence and comorbidity of psychiatric disorders in preschoolers attending a large pediatric service, Archives of General Psychiatry
DiLalla L., 1995, The assessment of biological mechanisms across the lifespan, 91
DuPaul G.J., 1998, Manual for the AD/HD Rating Scale‐IV
Egger H.L., 2004, Handbook of infant, toddler, and preschool mental assessment, 223
Egger H.L., The epidemiology of Preschool ADHD, Infant and Young Children
10.1016/0163-6383(94)90032-9 · DOI
Gadow K.D., 1997, Early Childhood Symptom Inventory‐4 Norms Manual
Gadow K.D., 2000, Early Childhood Symptom Inventory‐4 Screening Manual
10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617 · DOI · Paper page
Luby J., 2005, Joint Annual Meeting AACAP & CACAP, 83
MacFarlane J.W., 1954, A developmental study of the behavior problems of normal children
Sprafkin J., 1996, Early Childhood Inventories Manual
Sroufe L.A., 1990, The self in transition: Infancy to childhood, 281
Tremblay R.E., 2004, Social and moral development: Emerging evidence on the toddler years, 221
US Government, 1993, Federal Register, 58, 29425
10.1037/0022-3514.74.2.387 · DOI
World Health Organization, 1992, ICD‐10: The ICD‐10 classification of mental and behavioral disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines

Sorted by citations

Untitled work
(2009) · Cited by 2,013
Epidemiology of mental disorders in children and adolescents
Merikangas, K. R., Nakamura, E. F., & Kessler, R. C. (2009) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2009.11.1/krmerikangas · Cited by 1,246
Psychometric properties of the parent and teacher versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for 4- to 12-year-olds: A review
Stone, L. L., Otten, R., Engels, R. C. M. E., Vermulst, A. A., & Janssens, J. M. A. M. (2010) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-010-0071-2 · Cited by 1,031
Mathematics anxiety: what have we learned in 60 years?
Dowker, A., Sarkar, A., & Looi, C. Y. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00508 · Cited by 811
The Developmental Epidemiology of Anxiety Disorders: Phenomenology, Prevalence, and Comorbidity
Costello, E. J., EGGER, H. L., & Angold, A. C. (2005) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2005.06.003 · Cited by 854
Self-citation

See all 1,575

Authors: Egger, H. L., & Angold, A.
Affiliations: Duke Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Egger, Helen Link
ORCID: Egger, Helen Link
Venue: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-02-22
Volume: 47
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 313-337
ISSN: 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
1469-7610
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01618.x
OpenAlex: W2153372746
Cited by: 1,575
References: 269
Citations by year: 2026: 42 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 91 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 88 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 125 · 2016: 112 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 114 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 92
FWCI: 6.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Keywords: preschool children, emotional and behavioral disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, childhood anxiety disorders, disease classification, DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, diagnostic validity, comorbidities, early intervention, prevention
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders, Mental Disorders, Child, Preschool, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Mood Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Common emotional and behavioral disorders in preschool children: presentation, nosology, and epidemiology

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks