Effects of Contact with Stillborn Babies on Maternal Anxiety and Depression
Abstract
Background Some guidelines encourage mothers to see and hold their babies after stillbirth, which might be traumatizing. The study objective was to investigate the effects of women seeing and holding their stillborn baby on the risk of anxiety and depression in a subsequent pregnancy and in the long term. Methods Thirty-seven organizations recruited women who had experienced stillbirth (N = 2,292 of whom 286 reported being pregnant). Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed by using the 25-item Hopkins Symptom Check List. Results Among nonpregnant women, seeing and holding their stillborn baby were associated with lower anxiety symptoms (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.95) and a tendency toward fewer symptoms of depression (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.51-1.02), compared with pregnant women. Participants who were pregnant also had less depressive symptomatology (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.75), but more symptoms of anxiety if they had seen and held their baby (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.42-10.1). Conclusions Seeing and holding the baby are associated with fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms among mothers of stillborn babies than not doing so, although this beneficial effect may be temporarily reversed during a subsequent pregnancy.
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Other specific recommendations found in older literature are no longer practiced, such as announcing the loss on the ward and suggesting to hold someone else's newborn.
“Other specific recommendations also found in older literature are no longer practiced (eg, announcing the loss on the ward, suggestion to hold someone else’s newborn).”
From Bereavement care guidelines used in health care facilities immediately following perinatal loss: a scoping review (2024) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Cacciatore, J., Rådestad, I., & Frederik Frøen, J.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Cacciatore, Joanne
- ORCID
- Cacciatore, Joanne
- Venue
- Birth
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-11-18
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 313-320
- ISSN
- 0730-7659 (ISSN-L)
- 1523-536X
- OpenAlex
- W2023748718
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Birth (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Arizona State University Library Digital Repository (Arizona State University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Keywords
- stillbirth, maternal anxiety, maternal depression, postpartum mental health, subsequent pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Depression, Female, Fetal Death, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Maternal Behavior, Mothers, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Confidence Intervals, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Stillbirth
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