Broca's Area in Language, Action, and Music

Fadiga, Luciano; Craighero, Laila; D’Ausilio, Alessandro

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04582.x

Cited by 332Neurobiology of Language and BilingualismAction Observation and SynchronizationNeuroscience and Music Perception

Broca's Area in Language, Action, and Music

Fadiga, Luciano, Craighero, Laila, D’Ausilio, Alessandro·2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04582.x

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Abstract

The work of Paul Broca has been of pivotal importance in the localization of some higher cognitive brain functions. He first reported that lesions to the caudal part of the inferior frontal gyrus were associated with expressive deficits. Although most of his claims are still true today, the emergence of novel techniques as well as the use of comparative analyses prompts modern research for a revision of the role played by Broca's area. Here we review current research showing that the inferior frontal gyrus and the ventral premotor cortex are activated for tasks other than language production. Specifically, a growing number of studies report the involvement of these two regions in language comprehension, action execution and observation, and music execution and listening. Recently, the critical involvement of the same areas in representing abstract hierarchical structures has also been demonstrated. Indeed, language, action, and music share a common syntactic-like structure. We propose that these areas are tuned to detect and represent complex hierarchical dependencies, regardless of modality and use. We speculate that this capacity evolved from motor and premotor functions associated with action execution and understanding, such as those characterizing the mirror-neuron system.

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The neuroimaging claims are based largely on observations of activation for a nonlanguage task in or near a general brain region previously implicated in language, without a direct demonstration of overlap of linguistic and nonlinguistic activations in the same subjects.
“However, the neuroimaging claims are based largely on observations of activation for a nonlanguage task in or near a general brain region previously implicated in language (e.g., Broca's area), without a direct demonstration of overlap of linguistic and nonlinguistic activations in the same subjects.”
From Functional specificity for high-level linguistic processing in the human brain (2011) · cites this paper as [16]

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A Roadmap for Cognitive Development in Humanoid Robots
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Platelet-Derived Factors Involved in Tissue Repair—From Signal to Function
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Are left fronto-temporal brain areas a prerequisite for normal music-syntactic processing?
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Cognitive representation of “musical fractals”: Processing hierarchy and recursion in the auditory domain
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Lost in translation? Neuroscientific research, advocacy, and the claimed transfer benefits of musical practice
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The human language system, including its inferior frontal component in ‘Broca’s area’, does not support music perceptionPreprint
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Direct cortical stimulation of inferior frontal cortex disrupts both speech and music production in highly trained musicians
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A Beamformer Analysis of MEG Data Reveals Frontal Generators of the Musically Elicited Mismatch Negativity
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Deriving Electrophysiological Brain Network Connectivity via Tensor Component Analysis During Freely Listening to Music
Zhu, Y., Liu, J., Mathiak, K., Ristaniemi, T., & Cong, F. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2019.2953971 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Authors: Fadiga, L., Craighero, L., & D’Ausilio, A.
Affiliations: University of Ferrara (IT)
Corresponding author: Fadiga, Luciano
ORCID: Fadiga, Luciano
Craighero, Laila
D’Ausilio, Alessandro
Venue: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-07
Volume: 1169
Issue: 1
Pages: 448-458
ISSN: 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
1749-6632
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04582.x
OpenAlex: W2104302934
Cited by: 332
References: 95
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 28
FWCI: 1.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 23 d)
Locations: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
Keywords: Broca's area, inferior frontal gyrus, ventral premotor cortex, language production, language comprehension, action observation, action execution, music processing, mirror neuron system, language evolution
MeSH terms: Frontal Lobe, Humans, Language, Motor Skills, Music

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Broca's Area in Language, Action, and Music

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