Blending genomes: distributive conjugal transfer in mycobacteria, a sexier form of HGT
Open accessAbstract
Summary: This review discusses a novel form of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) found in mycobacteria called Distributive Conjugal Transfer (DCT). While satisfying the criteria for conjugation, DCT occurs by a mechanism so distinct from oriT‐mediated conjugation that it could be considered a fourth category of HGT. DCT involves the transfer of chromosomal DNA between mycobacteria and, most significantly, generates transconjugants with mosaic genomes of the parental strains. Multiple segments of donor chromosomal DNA can be co‐transferred regardless of their location or the genetic selection and, as a result, the transconjugant genome contains many donor‐derived segments; hence the name DCT. This distinguishing feature of DCT separates it from the other known mechanisms of HGT, which generally result in the introduction of a single, defined segment of DNA into the recipient chromosome (Fig. ). Moreover, these mosaic progeny are generated from a single conjugal event, which provides enormous capacity for rapid adaptation and evolution, again distinguishing it from the three classical modes of HGT. Unsurprisingly, the unusual mosaic products of DCT are generated by a conjugal mechanism that is also unusual. Here, we will describe the unique features of DCT and contrast those to other mechanisms of HGT, both from a mechanistic and an evolutionary perspective. Our focus will be on transfer of chromosomal DNA, as opposed to plasmid mobilization, because DCT mediates transfer of chromosomal DNA and is a chromosomally encoded process.
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Mosaicism results from a single DCT event, dramatically shortening the time to combine parental traits that could confer a competitive evolutionary advantage.
“Mosaicism results from a single DCT event, dramatically shortening the time to combine parental traits that could confer a competitive evolutionary advantage (42).”
From Mycobacterium smegmatis: The Vanguard of Mycobacterial Research (2023) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Gray, T. A., & Derbyshire, K. M.
- Affiliations
- New York State Department of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gray, Todd A.
- Derbyshire, Keith M.
- Venue
- Molecular Microbiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-05-11
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 601-613
- ISSN
- 0950-382X (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2958
- PMC
- PMC5997560
- OpenAlex
- W2802044770
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01AI097191, R21AI07258)
- National Science Foundation (MCB‐1614178)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Keywords
- horizontal gene transfer, mycobacteria, conjugation, mosaic genomes, transconjugants, bacterial evolution, bacterial adaptation
- MeSH terms
- Conjugation, Genetic, Humans, Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium Infections, Plasmids, Genome, Bacterial, Gene Transfer, Horizontal
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