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Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski’s horses

Gaunitz, Charleen, Fages, Antoine, Hanghøj, Kristian, Albrechtsen, Anders, Khan, Naveed, Schubert, Mikkel, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Owens, Ivy J., Felkel, Sabine, Bignon-Lau, Olivier, de Barros Damgaard, Peter, Mittnik, Alissa, Mohaseb, Azadeh F., Davoudi, Hossein, Alquraishi, Saleh, Alfarhan, Ahmed H., Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S., Crubézy, Eric, Benecke, Norbert, Olsen, Sandra, Brown, Dorcas, Anthony, David, Massy, Ken, Pitulko, Vladimir, Kasparov, Aleksei, Brem, Gottfried, Hofreiter, Michael, Mukhtarova, Gulmira, Baimukhanov, Nurbol, Lõugas, Lembi, Onar, Vedat, Stockhammer, Philipp W., Krause, Johannes, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Undrakhbold, Sainbileg, Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav, Lepetz, Sébastien, Mashkour, Marjan, Ludwig, Arne, Wallner, Barbara, Merz, Victor, Merz, Ilja, Zaibert, Viktor, Willerslev, Eske, Librado, Pablo, Outram, Alan K., Orlando, Ludovic·2018·Science
DOI 10.1126/science.aao3297
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Abstract

Revisiting the origins of modern horses: The domestication of horses was very important in the history of humankind. However, the ancestry of modern horses and the location and timing of their emergence remain unclear. Gaunitz et al. generated 42 ancient-horse genomes. Their source samples included the Botai archaeological site in Central Asia, considered to include the earliest domesticated horses. Unexpectedly, Botai horses were the ancestors not of modern domestic horses, but rather of modern Przewalski's horses. Thus, in contrast to current thinking on horse domestication, modern horses may have been domesticated in other, more Western, centers of origin. Science , this issue p. 111

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    “Large-scale population replacement occurred in dogs 278 , wolves 196,279,280 , horses 148,281 , pigs 282 and crops such as potato 283 .”

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Metadata

Authors
Gaunitz, C., Fages, A., Hanghøj, K., Albrechtsen, A., Khan, N., Schubert, M., Seguin-Orlando, A., Owens, I. J., Felkel, S., Bignon-Lau, O., de Barros Damgaard, P., Mittnik, A., Mohaseb, A. F., Davoudi, H., Alquraishi, S., Alfarhan, A. H., Al-Rasheid, K. A. S., Crubézy, E., Benecke, N., Olsen, S., Brown, D., Anthony, D., Massy, K., Pitulko, V., Kasparov, A., Brem, G., Hofreiter, M., Mukhtarova, G., Baimukhanov, N., Lõugas, L., Onar, V., Stockhammer, P. W., Krause, J., Boldgiv, B., Undrakhbold, S., Erdenebaatar, D., Lepetz, S., Mashkour, M., Ludwig, A., Wallner, B., Merz, V., Merz, I., Zaibert, V., Willerslev, E., Librado, P., Outram, A. K., & Orlando, L.
Affiliations
  • Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, 1350K Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200N Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Department of Archaeology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QE, UK.
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
  • Équipe Ethnologie préhistorique, ArScAn, CNRS, UMR 7041, Maison de l’Archéologie et de l’Ethnologie (MAE) René-Ginouvès, 92023 Nanterre Cédex, France.
  • Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique, Sociétés, Pratiques et Environnements, UMR 7209, 75005 Paris, France.
  • Archaeozoology section, Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Tehran, Tehran CP1417634934, Iran.
  • Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
  • Laboratoire d’Anthropobiologie Moléculaire et d’Imagerie de Synthèse UMR 5288, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, France.
  • German Archaeological Institute, Department of Natural Sciences, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
  • Biodiversity Institute–Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
  • Anthropology Department, Hartwick College, Oneonta, NY 13820, USA.
  • Institute for Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology and Archaeology of the Roman Provinces, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80799 München, Germany.
  • Institute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 191186, Russia.
  • Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
  • Issyk State Historical-Cultural Reserve Museum, 040400 Almaty Region, Enbekshikazak District, Kazakhstan.
  • Shejire DNA Project, 050046 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
  • Archaeological Research Collection, Tallinn University, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia.
  • Osteoarchaeology Practice and Research Center and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcılar Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Ecology Group, Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia.
  • Department of Archaeology, Ulaanbaatar State University, Ulaanbaatar 51, Mongolia.
  • Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, Germany.
  • S.Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University, Joint Research Center for Archeological Studies, 637000 Pavlodar, Kazakhstan.
  • Scientific Research Institute of Archaeology and Steppe Civilizations, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
ORCID
Venue
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
2018-04-06
Volume
360
Issue
6384
Pages
111-114
ISSN
  • 0036-8075
  • 1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.aao3297
Cited by
298
References
12
Language
en
Funders
  • European Research Council (ERC-CoG-2015-681605)
  • Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF94)
  • Russian Science Foundation (16-18-10265-RNF)
  • Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences (4002-00152B)
  • Initiative d’Excellence Chaires d’attractivité, Université de Toulouse (OURASI)
  • International Highly cited Research Group Program (HCRC#15-101)
  • Taylor Family-Asia Foundation Endowed Chair in Ecology and Conservation Biology (N/A)
  • Innovation Fund of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N/A)
  • Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (N/A)
  • Villum Fonden miGENEPI research project (N/A)

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