High-fructose corn syrup enhances intestinal tumor growth in mice
Open accessAbstract
A sweetener's not-so-sweet effects: Obesity increases an individual's risk of developing many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. One of the factors driving the rise in obesity rates is thought to be the use of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) as a sweetener in soft drinks. Goncalves et al. found that ingestion of HFCS promotes the growth of intestinal cancer even in the absence of obesity in mouse tumor models. An enzyme in tumors (ketohexokinase) converts fructose to fructose-1-phosphate, which alters tumor cell metabolism and leads to enhanced cell growth. Whether a similar process occurs in humans remains to be seen. Science , this issue p. 1345
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In mice, high fructose corn syrup intake could induce intestinal tumourigenesis by expediting glycolysis and de novo lipogenesis, with substantially increased tumour size and tumour grade independent of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
“A recent animal study showed that high fructose corn syrup intake could induce intestinal tumourigenesis in mice by expediting glycolysis and de novo lipogenesis. The mice treated with the syrup had a substantially increased tumour size and tumour grade, independent of obesity and metabolic syndrome.124”
From Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review (2023) · cites this paper as [124]
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“[1-2] [2-5] [5-10] [10-20] [20+] 0 10 20 30 40”
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“For example, one study reported that glucose-fructose syrup (HFCS) enhances intestinal tumor growth in mice via activation of glycolysis and increased synthesis of fatty acids in tumor cells that support tumor growth (1); Another study found that high fructose intake is associated with increased hepatic fatty acid syn…”
BackgroundIntestinal plasticity and metabolism as regulators of organismal energy homeostasis
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“62 Coculturing models rather than in vivo mice models could be exploited to investigate the role of the immune system in EO cancers (Table 1).”
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Early life high fructose impairs microglial phagocytosis and neurodevelopment
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“The selected fructose dosage is 45% of the typical 100 mg per mouse dose delivered daily by oral gavage to adult mice, which was determined to be equivalent to 3% of total daily caloric intake and analogous to human consumption of less than 12 oz of sugar-sweetened drink 59 .”
GLUT5 (SLC2A5) enables fructose-mediated proliferation independent of ketohexokinase
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“This observation aligns with increasing evidence that dietary sugars are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis, both in humans and animals (16, 37, 44).”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Goncalves, M. D., Lu, C., Tutnauer, J., Hartman, T. E., Hwang, S.-K., Murphy, C. J., Pauli, C., Morris, R., Taylor, S., Bosch, K., Yang, S., Wang, Y., Van Riper, J., Lekaye, H. C., Roper, J., Kim, Y., Chen, Q., Gross, S. S., Rhee, K. Y., Cantley, L. C., & Yun, J.
- Affiliations
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- University Hospital Zurich (CH)
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Tisch Cancer Institute (US)
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- Duke University (US)
- Chonnam National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Cantley, Lewis C.
- Yun, Jihye
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2019-03-22
- Volume
- 363
- Issue
- 6433
- Pages
- 1345-1349
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC6487857
- OpenAlex
- W2922809418
- Cited by
- 374
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 15
- FWCI
- 39.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 NS093872, R35 CA197588, KL2 Scholar 2014 [Y8-H], CA230318)
- National Cancer Institute (1K22CA216036)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (PO1 HD067244)
- Stand Up To Cancer Colorectal Cancer Dream Team Translational Research Grant (SU2C-AACR-DT22-17)
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RR170039)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Keywords
- high fructose corn syrup, colorectal cancer, fructose, dietary glucose, fructose-1-phosphate, glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, carcinogenesis, sugar-sweetened beverages, obesity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diet, Intestinal Neoplasms, Mice, Mutant Strains, Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein, Tumor Burden, Mice, Neoplasm Grading, Carcinogenesis, High Fructose Corn Syrup
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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