Physicochemical Foundations and Structural Design of Hydrogels in Medicine and Biology
Abstract
▪ Abstract Hydrogels are cross-linked hydrophilic polymers that can imbibe water or biological fluids. Their biomedical and pharmaceutical applications include a very wide range of systems and processes that utilize several molecular design characteristics. This review discusses the molecular structure, dynamic behavior, and structural modifications of hydrogels as well as the various applications of these biohydrogels. Recent advances in the preparation of three-dimensional structures with exact chain conformations, as well as tethering of functional groups, allow for the preparation of promising new hydrogels. Meanwhile, intelligent biohydrogels with pH- or temperature-sensitivity continue to be important materials in medical applications.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
PEG-modified hydrophilic surfaces have excellent anti-adhesive properties for bacteria and proteins.
“Hydrophilic surface modifications, such as the PEG modified surfaces discussed above, have also been widely characterized in the literature and have demonstrated excellent anti-adhesive properties for bacteria cells and proteins.44”
From Recent advances in thromboresistant and antimicrobial polymers for biomedical applications: just say yes to nitric oxide (NO) (2016) · cites this paper as [44]
Cites
Principles of Polymer Chemistry.
Huggins, M. L. (1954) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja01639a090 · Cited by 16,657 · see citing works
Principles of polymer chemistry
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-2140 · Cited by 15,292 · see citing works
Statistical Mechanics of Cross-Linked Polymer Networks II. Swelling
Flory, P. J., & Rehner, J. (1943) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1723792 · Cited by 3,898 · see citing works
Hydrophilic gels for biological use
WICHTERLE, O., & LÍM, D. (1960) · Nature · doi:10.1038/185117a0 · Cited by 2,996 · see citing works
Wulff, G. (1995) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.199518121 · Cited by 2,373 · see citing works
Polymerized colloidal crystal hydrogel films as intelligent chemical sensing materials
Holtz, J. H., & Asher, S. A. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/39834 · Cited by 2,003 · see citing works
Comb-type grafted hydrogels with rapid deswelling response to temperature changes
Yoshida, R., Uchida, K., Kaneko, Y., Sakai, K., Kikuchi, A., Sakurai, Y., & Okano, T. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/374240a0 · Cited by 1,257 · see citing works
Graft copolymers that exhibit temperature-induced phase transitions over a wide range of pH
Chen, G., & Hoffman, A. S. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/373049a0 · Cited by 1,221 · see citing works
A reversibly antigen-responsive hydrogel
Miyata, T., Asami, N., & Uragami, T. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/21619 · Cited by 1,167 · see citing works
Tethered chains in polymer microstructures
Halperin, A., Tirrell, M., & Lodge, T. P. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/bfb0051635 · Cited by 1,139 · see citing works
Solute Diffusion within Hydrogels. Mechanisms and Models
Amsden, B. G. (1998) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma980765f · Cited by 952 · see citing works
Physical models of diffusion for polymer solutions, gels and solids
Masaro, L., & Zhu, X. X. (1999) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/s0079-6700(99)00016-7 · Cited by 913 · see citing works
Swelling of ionic gels: quantitative performance of the Donnan theory
Rička, J., & Tanaka, T. (1984) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma00142a081 · Cited by 776 · see citing works
GABAA-receptor-associated protein links GABAA receptors and the cytoskeleton
Wang, H., Bedford, F. K., Brandon, N. J., Moss, S. J., & Olsen, R. W. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/16264 · Cited by 733 · see citing works
Poly(ethylene glycol)-containing hydrogels in drug delivery
Peppas, N. A., Keys, K. B., Torres‐Lugo, M., & Lowman, A. M. (1999) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00027-9 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Self-citationInteraction of cultured human endothelial cells with polymeric surfaces of different wettabilities
van Wachem, P. B., Beugeling, T., Feijen, J., Bantjes, A., Detmers, J. P., & van Aken, W. G. (1985) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/0142-9612(85)90101-2 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Hybrid hydrogels assembled from synthetic polymers and coiled-coil protein domains
Wang, C., Stewart, R. J., & Kopec̆ek, J. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/17092 · Cited by 583 · see citing works
Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications
Andrade, J. D. (1976) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-1976-0031 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Hubbell, J. A. (1999) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/s0958-1669(99)80021-4 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Improving protein therapeutics with sustained-release formulations
Putney, S. D., & Burke, P. A. (1998) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt0298-153 · Cited by 461 · see citing works
Ranade, V., Hollinger, M. A., & Cannon, J. B. (1995) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420040142 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Peppas, N. A. (1997) · Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science · doi:10.1016/s1359-0294(97)80103-3 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Self-citationTheory of gel electrophoresis of DNA
Lumpkin, O. J., Déjardin, P., & Zimm, B. H. (1985) · Biopolymers · doi:10.1002/bip.360240812 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Oral delivery of insulin using pH‐responsive complexation gels
Lowman, A. M., Morishita, M., Kajita, M., NAGAI, T., & Peppas, N. A. (1999) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1021/js980337n · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Self-citationPoly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels: Reinforcement of radiation‐crosslinked networks by crystallization
Peppas, N. A., & Merrill, E. W. (1976) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Chemistry Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1976.170140215 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Self-citationMuhr, A., & Blanshard, J. M. V. (1982) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(82)90402-5 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Torres‐Lugo, M., & Peppas, N. A. (1999) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma990541c · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Self-citationSmetana, K. (1993) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/0142-9612(93)90203-e · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Ramkissoon-Ganorkar, C., Liu, F., Baudyš, M., & Kim, S. W. (1999) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00006-1 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Phase transitions in gels and a single polymer
Tanaka, T. (1979) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(79)90281-7 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Saccharide-sensitive phase transition of a lectin-loaded gel
Kokufata, E., Zhang, Y., & Tanaka, T. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/351302a0 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Controlled release of proteins from dextran hydrogels
Hennink, W. E., Talsma, H., Borchert, J. C. H., Smedt, S. C. D., & Demeester, J. (1996) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(95)00132-8 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Preparation Methods and Structure of Hydrogels
Peppas, N. A., & Mikos, A. G. (2019) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429285097-1 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citationBiomedical membranes from hydrogels and interpolymer complexes
Bell, C. L., & Peppas, N. A. (1995) · Advances in polymer science · doi:10.1007/3540587888_15 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Self-citationProtein design: a perspective from simple tractable models
Shakhnovich, E. I. (1998) · Folding and Design · doi:10.1016/s1359-0278(98)00021-2 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Temperature modulated protein release from pH/temperature-sensitive hydrogels
Park, T. G. (1999) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(98)00197-5 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Testosterone Receptor Binding Mimic Constructed Using Molecular Imprinting
Cheong, S.-H., McNiven, S. J., Rachkov, A. E., Levi, R., Yano, K., & Karube, I. (1997) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma961014l · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Protein design: A perspective from simple tractable models
Shakhnovich, E. I. (1998) · PubMed · doi:10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/9804199 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Šentjurc, M., Vrhovnik, K., & Kristl, J. (1999) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(98)00181-3 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Dextran hydrogels for the controlled release of proteins
Hennink, W. E., Franssen, O., van Dijk-Wolthuis, W. N. E., & Talsma, H. (1997) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(97)00047-3 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Efficient assembly of rat hepatocyte spheroids for tissue engineering applications
Wu, F. J., Friend, J. R., Hsiao, C. C., Zilliox, M. J., Ko, W., Cerra, F. B., & Hu, W. (1996) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19960520)50:4 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Analysis of the Complexation/Decomplexation Phenomena in Graft Copolymer Networks
Lowman, A. M., & Peppas, N. A. (1997) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma970399k · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Self-citationAnsell, R. J., Kriz, D., & Mosbach, K. (1996) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/s0958-1669(96)80101-7 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Molecular imprinting: recent developments and the road ahead
Cormack, P. A. G., & Mosbach, K. (1999) · Reactive and Functional Polymers · doi:10.1016/s1381-5148(99)00024-3 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Protein adsorption on hydrogels
Castillo, E. J., Koenig, J. L., Anderson, J. M., & Lo, J. (1985) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/0142-9612(85)90089-4 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Kinetic Gelation model predictions of crosslinked polymer network microstructure
Anseth, K. S., & Bowman, C. N. (1994) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/0009-2509(94)e0055-u · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Temperature- and pH-sensitive terpolymers for modulated delivery of streptokinase
Vakkalanka, S. K., Brazel, C. S., & Peppas, N. A. (1997) · Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition · doi:10.1163/156856296x00192 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationElectrophoretic mobility of DNA in gels. I. New biased reptation theory including fluctuations
Duke, T. A. J., Viovy, J., & Semenov, A. N. (1994) · Biopolymers · doi:10.1002/bip.360340210 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Pande, V. S., Grosberg, A. Y., & Tanaka, T. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12976 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
'Smart' polymers in biotechnology and medicine
Galaev, I. Y. (1995) · Russian Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1070/rc1995v064n05abeh000161 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Recent advances in dendritic polymers
Dvornić, P. R., & Tomalia, D. A. (1996) · Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science · doi:10.1016/s1359-0294(96)80008-2 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
A kinetic gelation method for the simulation of free-radical polymerizations
Bowman, C. N., & Peppas, N. A. (1992) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/0009-2509(92)80286-l · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular simulation of polymeric networks and gels: phase behavior and swelling
Escobedo, F. A., & de Pablo, J. J. (1999) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/s0370-1573(99)00012-5 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Palmans, A. R. A., Vekemans, J. A. J. M., Hikmet, R. A. M., Fischer, H., & Meijer, E. W. (1998) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4095(199808)10:11 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Characterization of the Cross-Linked Structure of Hydrogels
Peppas, N. A., & Barr‐Howell, B. D. (2019) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429285097-2 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationTirrell, J. G., Fournier, M. J., Mason, T. L., & Tirrel, D. A. (1994) · Chemical & Engineering News · doi:10.1021/cen-v072n051.p040 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Schwarte, L. M., & Peppas, N. A. (1998) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00087-1 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationRegulated insulin release from biodegradable dextran hydrogels containing poly(ethylene glycol)
Moriyama, K., & Yui, N. (1996) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(96)01456-3 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Fast swelling/deswelling kinetics of comb‐type grafted poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels
Kaneko, Y., Sakai, K., Kikuchi, A., Sakurai, Y., & Okano, T. (1996) · Macromolecular Symposia · doi:10.1002/masy.19961090105 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Polymer gels that can recognize and recover molecules
Tanaka, T., Wang, C., Pande, V. S., Grosberg, A. Y., English, A. E., Masamune, S., Gold, H., Levy, R., & King, K. (1995) · Faraday Discussions · doi:10.1039/fd9950100201 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Equilibrium Swelling Behavior of Porous and Non-Porous Hydrogels
Brannon‐Peppas, L., & Peppas, N. A. (1990) · Studies in polymer science · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-88654-5.50009-1 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationThe rational use of hydrophobic effect-based recognition in molecularly imprinted polymers
Piletsky, S. A., Andersson, H. S., & Nicholls, I. A. (1998) · Journal of Molecular Recognition · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1352(199812)11:1/6 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Network structures of radiation-crosslinked star polymer gels
Cima, L. G., & Lopina, S. T. (1995) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma00124a013 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Hydrogels Containing Immobilized Bilayer Membranes
Hayakawa, M., Onda, T., Tanaka, T., & Tsujii, K. (1997) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la970195x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Targeted cellular adhesion at biomaterial interfaces
Dillow, A. K., & Tirrell, M. (1998) · Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science · doi:10.1016/s1359-0286(98)80099-5 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Water Wettability of Hydrogels
Holly, F. J., & Refojo, M. F. (1976) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-1976-0031.ch019 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Solute Diffusion in Hydrophilic Network Structures
Peppas, N. A., & Lustig, S. R. (2019) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429285097-3 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationNakayama, Y., Takatsuka, M., & Matsuda, T. (1999) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la981169h · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Modelling of crosslinking and cyclization in free‐radical copolymerization of vinyl/divinyl monomers
Zhu, S., Hamielec, A. E., & Pelton, R. H. (1993) · Macromolecular Theory and Simulations · doi:10.1002/mats.1993.040020406 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Novel Bioadhesive Complexation Networks for Oral Protein Drug Delivery
Lowman, A. M., Peppas, N. A., Morishita, M., & NAGAI, T. (1998) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-1998-0709.ch012 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationCationic Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Proteins and Other Macromolecules
Schwarte, L. M., Podual, K., & Peppas, N. A. (1998) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-1998-0709.ch003 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationTanaka, T., Enoki, T., Grosberg, A. Y., Masamune, S., Oya, T., Takaoka, Y., Tanaka, K., Wang, C., & Wang, G. (1998) · Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie · doi:10.1002/bbpc.19981021103 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Formation and Structure of Cross-Linked Polyacrylates
Kinney, A. B., & Scranton, A. B. (1994) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-1994-0573.ch001 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Reptation Dynamics with Random Local Interactions
Hubert, S. J., Krzywinski, M. I., L'Heureux, A. I., & Slater, G. W. (1998) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma970763f · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Protein Adsorption to Hydrogels
Horbett, T. A. (2019) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429285097-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ratner, B. D. (2019) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429285097-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Formation and Structure of Cross-Linked Polyacrylates
Kinney, A. B., & Scranton, A. B. (1993) · Iowa Research Online (University of Iowa) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Formation of macroporous styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer networks: Theory vs. experiments
Okay, O. (1999) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19991128)74:9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Why do phospholipid polymers reduce protein adsorption?
Ishihara, K., Nomura, H., Mihara, T., Kurita, K., Iwasaki, Y., & Nakabayashi, N. (1998) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199802)39:2
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 81 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lutolf, M. P., & Hubbell, J. A. (2005) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1055 · Cited by 4,551 · see citing works
Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Biology
Hyman, A. A., Weber, C. A., & Jülicher, F. (2014) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100913-013325 · Cited by 3,155 · see citing works
Hydrogels in regenerative medicine
Slaughter, B. V., Khurshid, S. S., Fisher, O. Z., Khademhosseini, A., & Peppas, N. A. (2009) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200802106 · Cited by 2,703 · see citing works
Self-citationSynthetic Molecular Motors and Mechanical Machines
Kay, E. R., Leigh, D. A., & Zerbetto, F. (2006) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200504313 · Cited by 2,607 · see citing works
Erbaş-Çakmak, S., Leigh, D. A., McTernan, C. T., & Nussbaumer, A. L. (2015) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00146 · Cited by 1,983 · see citing works
Novel crosslinking methods to design hydrogels
Hennink, W. E., & van Nostrum, C. F. (2002) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(01)00240-x · Cited by 1,979 · see citing works
Mansur, H. S., Sadahira, C. M., Souza, A. N., & Mansur, A. A. P. (2007) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2007.10.088 · Cited by 1,876 · see citing works
Hydrogels in controlled release formulations: Network design and mathematical modeling
Lin, C., & Metters, A. T. (2006) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2006.09.004 · Cited by 1,774 · see citing works
Polymers for Drug Delivery Systems
Liechty, W. B., Kryscio, D. R., Slaughter, B. V., & Peppas, N. A. (2010) · Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering · doi:10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-073009-100847 · Cited by 1,608 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh-water-content mouldable hydrogels by mixing clay and a dendritic molecular binder
Wang, Q., Mynar, J. L., Yoshida, M., Lee, E. J., Lee, M., Okuro, K., Kinbara, K., & Aida, T. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08693 · Cited by 1,582 · see citing works
Design properties of hydrogel tissue-engineering scaffolds
Zhu, J., & Marchant, R. E. (2011) · Expert Review of Medical Devices · doi:10.1586/erd.11.27 · Cited by 1,434 · see citing works
Responsive polymers in controlled drug delivery
Bajpai, A. K., Shukla, S. K., Bhanu, S., & Kankane, S. (2008) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.07.005 · Cited by 1,391 · see citing works
Magnetic fluid hyperthermia: focus on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
Laurent, S., Dutz, S., Häfeli, U. O., & Mahmoudi, M. (2011) · Advances in Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cis.2011.04.003 · Cited by 1,326 · see citing works
Biomedical Applications of Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly: From Biomimetics to Tissue Engineering
Tang, Z., Wang, Y., Podsiadlo, P., & Kotov, N. A. (2006) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200600113 · Cited by 1,305 · see citing works
Fouling Release Coatings: A Nontoxic Alternative to Biocidal Antifouling Coatings
Lejars, M., Margaillan, A., & Bressy, C. (2012) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr200350v · Cited by 1,274 · see citing works
Biomedical Applications of Supramolecular Systems Based on Host–Guest Interactions
Ma, X., & Zhao, Y. (2014) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr500392w · Cited by 1,231 · see citing works
Nanocomposite hydrogels for biomedical applications
Gaharwar, A. K., Peppas, N. A., & Khademhosseini, A. (2013) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.25160 · Cited by 1,222 · see citing works
Self-citationNovel crosslinking methods to design hydrogels
Hennink, W. E., & van Nostrum, C. F. (2012) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2012.09.009 · Cited by 1,176 · see citing works
Supramolecular polymeric hydrogels
Appel, E. A., del Barrio, J., Loh, X. J., & Scherman, O. A. (2012) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c2cs35264h · Cited by 1,167 · see citing works
Liu, X., Liu, J., Lin, S., & Zhao, X. (2020) · Materials Today · doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2019.12.026 · Cited by 1,023 · see citing works
Advances in biomaterials, drug delivery, and bionanotechnology
Langer, R., & Peppas, N. A. (2003) · AIChE Journal · doi:10.1002/aic.690491202 · Cited by 969 · see citing works
Self-citationSmart Hydrogels in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Mantha, S., Pillai, S., Khayambashi, P., Upadhyay, A., Zhang, Y., Tao, O., Pham, H. M., & Tran, S. D. (2019) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma12203323 · Cited by 863 · see citing works
Rapidly recovering hydrogel scaffolds from self-assembling diblock copolypeptide amphiphiles
Nowak, A. P., Breedveld, V., Pakstis, L., Ozbas, B., Pine, D. J., Pochan, D. J., & Deming, T. J. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/417424a · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Stimuli-responsive polymers: Biomedical applications and challenges for clinical translation
Hoffman, A. S. (2012) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2012.11.004 · Cited by 763 · see citing works
The role of fractional calculus in modeling biological phenomena: A review
Ionescu, C. M., Lopes, A. M., Copoţ, D., Machado, J. A. T., & Bates, J. H. T. (2017) · Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation · doi:10.1016/j.cnsns.2017.04.001 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
Liang, H., Guan, Q., Chen, L., Zhu, Z., Zhang, W., & Yu, S. (2012) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201200710 · Cited by 673 · see citing works
Haines-Butterick, L. A., Rajagopal, K., Branco, M. C., Salick, D. A., Rughani, R. V., Pilarz, M., Lamm, M. S., Pochan, D. J., & Schneider, J. P. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0701980104 · Cited by 644 · see citing works
Mechanical characterisation of hydrogel materials
Oyen, M. L. (2013) · International Materials Reviews · doi:10.1179/1743280413y.0000000022 · Cited by 641 · see citing works
Synthetische molekulare Motoren und mechanische Maschinen
Kay, E. R., Leigh, D. A., & Zerbetto, F. (2006) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.200504313 · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Wearable and implantable wireless sensor network solutions for healthcare monitoring
Darwish, A., & Hassanien, A. E. (2011) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s110605561 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Synthetic polypeptides for biomedical applications
Deming, T. J. (2007) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.010 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Phelps, E. A., Enemchukwu, N. O., Fiore, V. F., Sy, J. C., Murthy, N., Sulchek, T., Barker, T. H., & Garcı́a, A. J. (2011) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201103574 · Cited by 541 · see citing works
Recent Advances in the Theory of Filler Networking in Elastomers
Heinrich, G., & Klüppel, M. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-45362-8_1 · Cited by 533 · see citing works
Lou, J., Stowers, R. S., Nam, S., Xia, Y., & Chaudhuri, O. (2017) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.004 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Synthetic hydrogels: Synthesis, novel trends, and applications
Madduma‐Bandarage, U. S. K., & Madihally, S. V. (2020) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.50376 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Serra, L., Doménech, J., & Peppas, N. A. (2006) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.06.011 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Self-citationAnalyte-Responsive Hydrogels: Intelligent Materials for Biosensing and Drug Delivery
Culver, H. R., Clegg, J. R., & Peppas, N. A. (2017) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00533 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
Self-citationFabrication of microfluidic hydrogels using molded gelatin as a sacrificial element
Golden, A. P., & Tien, J. (2007) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/b618409j · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Release mechanisms for polyelectrolyte capsules
Geest, B. G. D., Sanders, N. N., Sukhorukov, G. B., Demeester, J., & Smedt, S. C. D. (2006) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b600460c · Cited by 464 · see citing works
The role of surface science in bioengineered materials
Tirrell, M., Kokkoli, E., & Biesalski, M. (2002) · Surface Science · doi:10.1016/s0039-6028(01)01548-5 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Ultrahigh-Water-Content Supramolecular Hydrogels Exhibiting Multistimuli Responsiveness
Appel, E. A., Loh, X. J., Jones, S. T., Biedermann, F., Dreiss, C. A., & Scherman, O. A. (2012) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja3044568 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Microfluidic fabrication of microengineered hydrogels and their application in tissue engineering
Chung, B. G., Lee, K. H., Khademhosseini, A., & Lee, S. (2011) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/c1lc20859d · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Highly Tunable Elastomeric Silk Biomaterials
Partlow, B. P., Hanna, C. W., Rnjak‐Kovacina, J., Moreau, J. E., Applegate, M. B., Burke, K. A., Marelli, B., Mitropoulos, A. N., Omenetto, F. G., & Kaplan, D. L. (2014) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201400526 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Rodell, C. B., Kaminski, A. L., & Burdick, J. A. (2013) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm401280z · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Release Mechanisms for Polyelectrolyte Capsules
Geest, B. G. D., Sanders, N. N., Sukhorukov, G. B., Demeester, J., & Smedt, S. C. D. (2007) · ChemInform · doi:10.1002/chin.200724277 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Polymeric protein delivery systems
Lee, K. Y., & Yuk, S. H. (2007) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.04.001 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
From 3D to 2D: A Review of the Molecular Imprinting of Proteins
Turner, N. W., Jeans, C. W., Brain, K. R., Allender, C. J., Hlady, V., & Britt, D. W. (2006) · Biotechnology Progress · doi:10.1002/bp060122g · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Electroconductive natural polymer-based hydrogels
Shi, Z., Gao, X., Ullah, M. W., Li, S., Wang, Q., & Yang, G. (2016) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.09.020 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hydrogels Formed by “Click Chemistry”
Ossipov, D. A., & Hilborn, J. G. (2006) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma052545p · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Hydrogels for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications
Kashyap, N., Kumar, N., & Kumar, M. N. V. R. (2005) · Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems · doi:10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v22.i2.10 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Gao, F., Xu, Z., Liang, Q., Li, H., Peng, L., Wu, M., Zhao, X., Cui, X., Ruan, C., & Liu, W. (2019) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.201900867 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Hydrogels and Scaffolds for Immunomodulation
Singh, A. K., & Peppas, N. A. (2014) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201402105 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Self-citationdos Reis, E. F., Campos, F. S., Lage, A. P., Leite, R. C., Heneine, L. G. D., Vasconcelos, W. L., Lobato, Z. I. P., & Mansur, H. S. (2006) · Materials Research · doi:10.1590/s1516-14392006000200014 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
“2D or not 2D”: Shape-programming polymer sheets
Liu, Y., Genzer, J., & Dickey, M. D. (2015) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.09.001 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Microscale 3-D hydrogel scaffold for biomimetic gastrointestinal (GI) tract model
Sung, J. H., Yu, J., Luo, D., Shuler, M. L., & March, J. C. (2010) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/c0lc00273a · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Controlled Structure and Properties of Thermoresponsive Nanoparticle–Hydrogel Composites
Wang, C., Flynn, N. T., & Langer, R. (2004) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200306516 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Towards artificial tissue models: past, present, and future of 3D bioprinting
Yıldız, A. A., Assal, R. E., Chen, P., Güven, S., İnci, F., & Demirci, U. (2016) · Biofabrication · doi:10.1088/1758-5090/8/1/014103 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Feng, Q., Wei, K., Lin, S., Xu, Z. C., Sun, Y., Shi, P., Li, G., & Bian, L. (2016) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.043 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Khan, S., & Ranjha, N. M. (2014) · Polymer Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s00289-014-1178-2 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Riley, L., Schirmer, L., & Segura, T. (2018) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2018.11.001 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Loo, J. S. C., Ooi, C. P., & Boey, F. Y. C. (2005) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.05.001 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Essawy, H., Ghazy, M. B. M., El‐Hai, F. A., & Mohamed, M. F. (2016) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.071 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
McClements, D. J. (2016) · Advances in Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cis.2016.12.005 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Nanoscale technology of mucoadhesive interactions
Peppas, N. A., & Huang, Y. (2004) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2004.03.001 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Self-citationBrazel, C. S. (2008) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-008-9773-2 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
A microfluidic actuator based on thermoresponsive hydrogels
Harmon, M. E., Tang, M. X., & Frank, C. W. (2003) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(03)00463-4 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Tissue adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics
Li, S., Cong, Y., & Fu, J. (2021) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d1tb00523e · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Pore structure in supermacroporous polyacrylamide based cryogels
Plieva, F. M., Karlsson, M. E., Aguilar, M. R., Gomez, D., Mikhalovsky, S. V., & Galaev, I. Y. (2005) · Soft Matter · doi:10.1039/b510010k · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Effect of Crosslinking Agent Concentration on the Properties of Unmedicated Hydrogels
Wong, R. S. H., Ashton, M., & Dodou, K. (2015) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics7030305 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Dikovsky, D., Bianco‐Peled, H., & Seliktar, D. (2005) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.09.038 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Hydrogels in healthcare: From static to dynamic material microenvironments
Magin, C. M., & Anseth, K. S. (2013) · Acta Materialia · doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2012.10.037 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Guided cell adhesion and outgrowth in peptide-modified channels for neural tissue engineering
Yu, T., & Shoichet, M. S. (2004) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.05.012 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Recent expansions in an emergent novel drug delivery technology: Emulgel
Ajazuddin, M., Alexander, A., Khichariya, A., Gupta, S., Patel, R. J., Giri, T. K., & Tripathi, D. K. (2013) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.06.030 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Wo, Y., Brisbois, E. J., Bartlett, R. H., & Meyerhoff, M. E. (2016) · Biomaterials Science · doi:10.1039/c6bm00271d · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Integrin‐Mediated Interactions Control Macrophage Polarization in 3D Hydrogels
Cha, B., Shin, S. R., Leijten, J., Li, Y., Singh, S., Liu, J. C., Annabi, N., Abdi, R., Dokmeci, M. R., Vrana, N. E., et al. (2017) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201700289 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Effect of Cross-Linking on the Diffusion of Water, Ions, and Small Molecules in Hydrogels
Wu, Y., Joseph, S., & Aluru, N. R. (2009) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp808145x · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Light controlled protein release from a supramolecular hydrogel
Peng, K., Tomatsu, I., & Kros, A. (2010) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c002565h · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Photolithographically patterned smart hydrogel based bilayer actuators
Bassik, N., Abebe, B. T., Laflin, K. E., & Gracias, D. H. (2010) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2010.10.035 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Mussel-inspired silver-releasing antibacterial hydrogels
Fullenkamp, D. E., Rivera, J. G., Gong, Y., Lau, K. H. A., He, L., Varshney, R., & Messersmith, P. B. (2012) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.02.027 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Klinger, D., & Landfester, K. (2012) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2012.08.053 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Dalton, P. D., Flynn, L. E., & Shoichet, M. S. (2002) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00120-5 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Material properties of biofilms—a review of methods for understanding permeability and mechanics
Billings, N., Birjiniuk, A., Samad, T. S., Doyle, P. S., & Ribbeck, K. (2015) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/78/3/036601 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Synthesis and Characterization of Pectin/PVP Hydrogel Membranes for Drug Delivery System
Mishra, R. K., Datt, M., & Banthia, A. K. (2008) · AAPS PharmSciTech · doi:10.1208/s12249-008-9048-6 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Ashraf, S., Park, H., Park, H., & Lee, S. (2016) · Macromolecular Research · doi:10.1007/s13233-016-4052-2 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Nano strategies for berberine delivery, a natural alkaloid of Berberis
Mirhadi, E., Rezaee, M., & Malaekeh‐Nikouei, B. (2018) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.067 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Wang, Z., An, G., Zhu, Y., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Wu, H., Wang, Y., Shi, X., & Mao, C. (2019) · Materials Horizons · doi:10.1039/c8mh01208c · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Bodin, A., Ahrenstedt, L., Fink, H., Brumer, H., Risberg, B., & Gatenholm, P. (2007) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm070343q · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Engineering design and molecular dynamics of mucoadhesive drug delivery systems as targeting agents
Serra, L., Doménech, J., & Peppas, N. A. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.09.022 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Self-citationBiofouling and me: My Stockholm syndrome with biofilms
Flemming, H. (2020) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.115576 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Cheung, H. K., Han, T. T. Y., Marecak, D. M., Watkins, J. F., Amsden, B. G., & Flynn, L. E. (2013) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.067 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Hoti, G., Caldera, F., Cecone, C., Pedrazzo, A. R., Anceschi, A., Appleton, S. L., Monfared, Y. K., & Trotta, F. (2021) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma14030478 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Yielding Behavior in Injectable Hydrogels from Telechelic Proteins
Olsen, B. D., Kornfield, J. A., & Tirrell, D. A. (2010) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma101434a · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Macrophage responses to implants: prospects for personalized medicine
Kzhyshkowska, J. G., Gudima, A., Riabov, V., Dollinger, C., Lavall�e, P., & Vrana, N. E. (2015) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.5vmr0415-166r · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Plieva, F. M., Galaev, I. Y., & Mattìasson, B. (2007) · Journal of Separation Science · doi:10.1002/jssc.200700127 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Wang, N. X., & von Recum, H. A. (2010) · Macromolecular Bioscience · doi:10.1002/mabi.201000206 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Biomaterials from Ultrasonication-Induced Silk Fibroin−Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels
Hu, X., Lü, Q., Sun, L., Cebe, P., Wang, X., Zhang, X., & Kaplan, D. L. (2010) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm1010504 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
(Macro)molecular self-assembly for hydrogel drug delivery
Webber, M. J., & Pashuck, E. T. (2021) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.006 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Recent advances in high-strength and elastic hydrogels for 3D printing in biomedical applications
Xu, C., Dai, G., & Hong, Y. (2019) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.032 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Fiber templating of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) for neural tissue engineering
Flynn, L. E. (2003) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00334-x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Protein deposition on contact lenses: The past, the present, and the future
Luensmann, D., & Jones, L. (2012) · Contact Lens and Anterior Eye · doi:10.1016/j.clae.2011.12.005 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
- Authors
- Peppas, N. A., Huang, Y., Torres-Lugo, M., Ward, J. H., & Zhang, J.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Program on Therapeutic and Diagnostic Devices, Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Laboratories, School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1283;
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2000-08
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-29
- ISSN
- 1523-9829 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4274
- OpenAlex
- W2157220384
- Cited by
- 1,016
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 61 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 65 · 2012: 65
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
- Keywords
- hydrogels, biohydrogel, chain conformation, pH-responsive hydrogels, thermosensitive hydrogel, stimuli-responsive hydrogels
- MeSH terms
- Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, Physical, Diffusion, Surface Properties, Molecular Structure, Hydrogels, Chemical Phenomena
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review