DEVELOPMENT OF THE VERTEBRATE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION

Sanes, Joshua R.; Lichtman, Jeff W.

doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.22.1.389

Cited by 1,532Nerve injury and regenerationNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchAxon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling

DEVELOPMENT OF THE VERTEBRATE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION

Sanes, Joshua R., Lichtman, Jeff W.·1999·Annual Review of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.22.1.389

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Abstract

▪ Abstract We describe the formation, maturation, elimination, maintenance, and regeneration of vertebrate neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), the best studied of all synapses. The NMJ forms in a series of steps that involve the exchange of signals among its three cellular components—nerve terminal, muscle fiber, and Schwann cell. Although essentially any motor axon can form NMJs with any muscle fiber, an additional set of cues biases synapse formation in favor of appropriate partners. The NMJ is functional at birth but undergoes numerous alterations postnatally. One step in maturation is the elimination of excess inputs, a competitive process in which the muscle is an intermediary. Once elimination is complete, the NMJ is maintained stably in a dynamic equilibrium that can be perturbed to initiate remodeling. NMJs regenerate following damage to nerve or muscle, but this process differs in fundamental ways from embryonic synaptogenesis. Finally, we consider the extent to which the NMJ is a suitable model for development of neuron-neuron synapses.

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Synaptic pruning is an activity-dependent developmental program in which many synapses formed early are eliminated while a subset are maintained and strengthened.
“Synaptic pruning is an activity-dependent developmental program in which a large number of synapses that form in early development are eliminated while a subset of synapses are maintained and strengthened (Hua and Smith, 2004; Katz and Shatz, 1996; Sanes and Lichtman, 1999).”
From Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner (2012) · cites this paper as Sanes and Lichtman, 1999
Neuronal-specific Agrn isoforms containing the Z exons (32 and 33) are the most potent in promoting AChR aggregation.
“Neuronal-specific Agrn isoforms containing the Z exons (32 and 33) are the most potent in promoting AChR aggregation74–77.”
From The neurogenetics of alternative splicing (2016) · cites this paper as [77]

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Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner
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Electrical activity and development of neural circuits
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Synapse Formation between Central Neurons Requires Postsynaptic Expression of theMEN1Tumor Suppressor Gene
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Safety factor at the neuromuscular junction
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Axon Pruning during Drosophila Metamorphosis
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New insights into the roles of agrin
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Regulation of Postsynaptic Structure and Protein Localization by the Rho-Type Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor dPix
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Defective Neuromuscular Synapses in Mice Lacking Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) and APP-Like Protein 2
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Acetylcholine receptors and myasthenia
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The neuregulin receptor ErbB-4 interacts with PDZ-containing proteins at neuronal synapses
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Authors: Sanes, J. R., & Lichtman, J. W.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Sanes, Joshua R.
Lichtman, Jeff W.
Venue: Annual Review of Neuroscience
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 1999-03
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Pages: 389-442
ISSN: 0147-006X (ISSN-L)
1545-4126
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.22.1.389
OpenAlex: W2134505400
Cited by: 1,532
References: 403
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 57
FWCI: 8.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
Keywords: neuromuscular junction, synaptogenesis, synapse maturation, synaptic pruning, synapse maintenance, synaptic remodeling, neuromuscular junction regeneration, motor axons, muscle fibers, Schwann cells, vertebrate development
MeSH terms: Animals, Glycoproteins, Nerve Regeneration, Neuromuscular Junction, Synapses, Transcription, Genetic, Vertebrates, Signal Transduction, Presynaptic Terminals, Neuregulins

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DEVELOPMENT OF THE VERTEBRATE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION

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