Regulation of the synthesis of steroidogenic enzymes in adrenal cortical cells by ACTH
Abstract
Macrophage polarization refers to how macrophages have been activated at a given point in space and time. Polarization is not fixed, as macrophages are sufficiently plastic to integrate multiple signals, such as those from microbes, damaged tissues, and ...Read More
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Hypothalamus produces CRH that stimulates corticotrope cells in anterior pituitary to biosynthesize and release ACTH that in turn stimulates adrenal gland to produce steroid hormones, specifically DHEA and cortisol.
“In short, the hypothalamus produces corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) that stimulates corticotrope cells in the anterior pituitary to biosynthesize and release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) that in turn stimulates the adrenal gland to produce steroid hormones, specifically DHEA and cortisol [21,22].”
From Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: a comprehensive review (2019) · cites this paper as [22]
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“Specifically, ACTH promotes the conversion of cholesterol into δ-5 pregnenolone during the initial step of glucocorticoid biosynthesis.(61,64)”
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“Binding of ACTH to MC2R produces adenylate cyclase-dependent increases in intracellular cAMP levels, which causes a rapid increase in cholesterol biosynthesis (149).”
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“The reverse primer used for SF-1 (1-277) was a primer that introduces a stop codon after codon 277, and that used for SF-1 (DBD) was a primer that introduces a stop codon after codon 104.”
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A brief history of the search for the protein(s) involved in the acute regulation of steroidogenesis
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BackgroundCharacterization of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Human Breast Tissue from Reduction Mammaplasties1
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- Authors
- Simpson, E. R., & Waterman, M. R.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Simpson, Evan R.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Physiology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1988-10
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 427-440
- ISSN
- 0066-4278 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-1585
- OpenAlex
- W2125701765
- Cited by
- 506
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 20.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01am028350-05)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 13234, HD-11149)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Keywords
- ACTH, steroidogenic enzymes, adrenal cortex, enzyme synthesis regulation, steroidogenesis, glucocorticoid feedback, macrophage polarization
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Cortex, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Humans
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