The DOI matches its Crossref record; 230 of the 230 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Fear Extinction as a Model for Translational Neuroscience: Ten Years of Progress
Open accessAbstract
The psychology of extinction has been studied for decades. Approximately 10 years ago, however, there began a concerted effort to understand the neural circuits of extinction of fear conditioning, in both animals and humans. Progress during this period has been facilitated by a high degree of coordination between rodent and human researchers examining fear extinction. Here we review the major advances and highlight new approaches to understanding and exploiting fear extinction. Research in fear extinction could serve as a model for translational research in other areas of behavioral neuroscience.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A closely related domain of research on conditioning and extinction in both rodents and humans also suggests that ventromedial PFC (vmPFC), an area neighboring rACC, supports extinction while cACC supports increased aversive processing (Milad and Quirk, 2012; see Figure 7).”
From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Milad and Quirk, 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The vmPFC is proposed to be the homologue for the IL in rodents [87] and serves to inhibit threat responses produced by the amygdala.”
From Prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and threat processing: implications for PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [87]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The vmPFC is thought to modulate amygdala processing of conditioned fear by suppressing fear responses through a set of amygdala neurons in the intercalated region between the basolateral and central amygdala nucleus (Milad and Quirk, 2012).”
From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Milad and Quirk, 2012
In the citing paper
“The vmPFC is activated during retrieval of extinction learning and down-regulates the amygdala”
From Childhood adversity and neural development: Deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience (2014) · cites this paper as Milad and Quirk, 2012
In the citing paper
“Therefore, in PTSD, there is both hyperactivation of the fear expression and hypoactivation of the extinction memory networks [59, 60].”
From Sleep and REM sleep disturbance in the pathophysiology of PTSD: the role of extinction memory (2015) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“However, rather than erasing the CS-US association, extinction represents formation of a new memory, an “extinction memory,” signifying “CS-no US,” that competitively inhibits the memory of the CS-US contingency and expression of its associated CR when the CS is again encountered [51–59].”
From Sleep and REM sleep disturbance in the pathophysiology of PTSD: the role of extinction memory (2015) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“A deficit in the ability to encode, consolidate, or retrieve extinction memory is believed to play a role in the development and perpetuation of such disorders [6, 59, 61, 87].”
From Sleep and REM sleep disturbance in the pathophysiology of PTSD: the role of extinction memory (2015) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“Neuroimaging research using de novo fear-conditioning and extinction paradigms has revealed areas in the brain associated with experiencing conditioned fear (a “fear expression network”) in the amygdala and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and other areas associated with memory for the extinction (inhibition) of this fear (an “extinction memory network”) that includes the hippocampus and”
From Sleep and REM sleep disturbance in the pathophysiology of PTSD: the role of extinction memory (2015) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“Brain circuitry at the core of threat discrimination learning includes areas within the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)1.”
From Multimodal evidence for delayed threat extinction learning in adolescence and young adulthood (2019) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“During threat extinction training, the CS is presented without the aversive outcome, which results in reduced amygdala responses to the CS over time3, with the mPFC playing a critical role1,4,5.”
From Multimodal evidence for delayed threat extinction learning in adolescence and young adulthood (2019) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“During threat extinction training, the CS is presented without the aversive outcome, which results in reduced amygdala responses to the CS over time3, with the mPFC playing a critical role1,4,5.”
From Multimodal evidence for delayed threat extinction learning in adolescence and young adulthood (2019) · cites this paper as [1]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444
Insel, T., Cuthbert, B., Garvey, M., Heinssen, R., Pine, D. S., Quinn, K., Sanislow, C., & Wang, P. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09091379 · Cited by 7,067
Functional connectivity in the resting brain: a network analysis of the default mode hypothesis
Greicius, M. D., Krasnow, B., Reiss, A. L., & Menon, V. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0135058100 · Cited by 6,358
Psychophysiological and Modulatory Interactions in Neuroimaging
Friston, K. J., Buechel, C., Fink, G. R., Morris, J., Rolls, E., & Dolan, R. J. (1997) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0291 · Cited by 3,097
Emotional processing in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex
Etkin, A., Egner, T., & Kalisch, R. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.11.004 · Cited by 3,059 · cited 1×
“Numerous reviews on molecular mechanisms of extinction, clinical relevance, and inhibition circuitry within the amygdala have recently appeared (Pape & Paré 2010, Herry et al 2010, Sotres-Bayon & Quirk 2010, Myers et al 2011, Etkin et al 2011).”
BackgroundTrauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Community: The 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma
Breslau, N., Kessler, R. C., Chilcoat, H. D., Schultz, L. R., Davis, G. C., & Andreski, P. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.626 · Cited by 2,407
Whalen, P. J., Rauch, S. L., Etcoff, N. L., McInerney, S. C., Lee, M. B., & Jenike, M. A. (1998) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-01-00411.1998 · Cited by 2,205
Resting-State Functional Connectivity Reflects Structural Connectivity in the Default Mode Network
Greicius, M. D., Supekar, K., Menon, V., & Dougherty, R. F. (2009) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn059 · Cited by 2,175
Integrative activity of the brain
Konorski, J. (1967) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · Cited by 2,043
Pezawas, L., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Drabant, E. M., Verchinski, B. A., Munoz, K. E., Kolachana, B. S., Egan, M. F., Mattay, V. S., Hariri, A. R., & Weinberger, D. R. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1463 · Cited by 1,980
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,002
Hammoud, M. Z., Foa, E. B., & Milad, M. R. (2019) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12800 · Cited by 23
Self-citationMaymon, N., Zer‐Aviv, T. M., Sabban, E. L., & Akirav, I. (2019) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107804 · Cited by 21
Novaes, L. S., Bueno-de-Camargo, L. M., & Munhoz, C. D. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-020-01140-6 · Cited by 21
Lower estradiol predicts increased reinstatement of fear in women
Felmingham, K. L., Caruana, J. M., Miller, L. N., Ney, L. J., Zuj, D. V., Hsu, C. M. K., Nicholson, E., To, A., & Bryant, R. A. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103875 · Cited by 21
Cross-species approaches to cognitive neuroplasticity research
Mishra, J., & Gazzaley, A. H. (2015) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.09.002 · Cited by 23
Comparison of inbred mouse substrains reveals segregation of maladaptive fear phenotypes
Temme, S. J., Bell, R. Z., Pahumi, R., & Murphy, G. G. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00282 · Cited by 22
Velásquez, F., Wiggins, J. L., Mattson, W. I., Martin, D. M., Lord, C., & Monk, C. S. (2016) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2016.12.002 · Cited by 22
The Impact of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Cognitive Behavioural Instructions on Safety Learning
Wake, S., van Reekum, C. M., Dodd, H., & Morriss, J. (2020) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-020-10113-4 · Cited by 20
Infralimbic activity during REM sleep facilitates fear extinction memory
Hong, J., Choi, K., Fuccillo, M. V., Chung, S., & Weber, F. (2024) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.018 · Cited by 20
Immune checkpoint inhibition perturbs neuro-immune homeostasis and impairs cognitive function
Ifejeokwu, O. V., Do, A. H., El-Khatib, S. M., Ho, N., Zavala, A., Othy, S., & Acharya, M. M. (2025) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-025-03442-3 · Cited by 21
Castagna, P. J., Roye, S., Calamia, M. R., Owens-French, J., Davis, T. E., & Greening, S. G. (2017) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-017-9772-1 · Cited by 21
Hermann, A., Stark, R. M., Müller, E. A., Kruse, O., Wolf, O. T., & Merz, C. J. (2019) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107150 · Cited by 20
Extinction learning alters the neural representation of conditioned fear
Graner, J. L., Stjepanović, D., & LaBar, K. S. (2020) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-020-00814-4 · Cited by 21
Computational modeling of threat learning reveals links with anxiety and neuroanatomy in humans
Abend, R., Burk, D. C., Ruiz, S. G., Gold, A. L., Napoli, J. L., Britton, J. C., Michalska, K. J., Shechner, T., Winkler, A. M., Leibenluft, E., et al. (2022) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.66169 · Cited by 20
The neurobiology of Pavlovian safety learning: Towards an acquisition-expression framework
Laing, P. A. F., Felmingham, K. L., Davey, C. G., & Harrison, B. J. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104882 · Cited by 20
Cui, J., Lichtwarck‐Aschoff, A., Olthof, M., Li, T., & Hasselman, F. (2022) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1080/00273171.2022.2119927 · Cited by 20
Rosenblau, G., Frolichs, K., & Korn, C. W. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105181 · Cited by 20
Koot, S., Koukou, M., Baars, A. M., Hesseling, P., Klooster, J. G. L. T., Joëls, M., & van den Bos, R. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00127 · Cited by 23
Predicting Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Following Mild, Moderate, and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Al-Ozairi, A., McCullagh, S., & Feinstein, A. (2014) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000000043 · Cited by 21
A single episode of high intensity sound inhibits long-term potentiation in the hippocampus of rats
de Deus, J. L., Cunha, A. O. S., Terzian, A. L. B., Resstel, L. B. M., Elias, L. L. K., Antunes‐Rodrigues, J., Almeida, S. S., & Leão, R. M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14624-1 · Cited by 20
Farias, C. P., Furini, C. R. G., Nachtigall, E. G., Behling, J. A. K., Brasil, E. S. D. A., Bühler, L., Izquierdo, I., & Myskiw, J. D. C. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1815893116 · Cited by 21
Buissonnière-Ariza, V. L., Séguin, J. R., Nassim, M., Boivin, M., Pine, D. S., Leporé, F., Tremblay, R. E., & Maheu, F. S. (2019) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.03.019 · Cited by 22
Harrewijn, A., Kitt, E. R., Abend, R., Matsumoto, C., Odriozola, P., Winkler, A. M., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Gee, D. G. (2020) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112994 · Cited by 20
Abend, R., Bajaj, M. A., Harrewijn, A., Matsumoto, C., Michalska, K. J., Necka, E. A., Palacios‐Barrios, E. E., Leibenluft, E., Atlas, L. Y., & Pine, D. S. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.200110 · Cited by 20
Clark, J. W., Daykin, H. J., Metha, J. A., Allocca, G., Hoyer, D., Drummond, S. P. A., & Jacobson, L. H. (2021) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab068 · Cited by 20
Ridderbusch, I. C., Wroblewski, A., Yang, Y., Richter, J., Hollandt, M., Hamm, A. O., Wïttchen, H., Ströhle, A., Arolt, V., Margraf, J., et al. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118157 · Cited by 21
Reinstatement of contextual anxiety in humans: Effects of state anxiety
Glotzbach-Schoon, E., Andreatta, M., Mühlberger, A., & Pauli, P. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.07.013 · Cited by 20
Prefrontal encoding of an internal model for emotional inference
Gu, X., & Johansen, J. P. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09001-2 · Cited by 19
Smiley, C. E., McGonigal, J. T., Valvano, T., Newsom, R. J., Otero, N. K. H., & Gass, J. T. (2020) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05622-9 · Cited by 20
Young, D. A., Chao, L. L., Zhang, H., Metzler, T. J., Ross, J. A., Richards, A. L., O’Donovan, A., Inslicht, S. S., & Neylan, T. C. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.08.012 · Cited by 19
The effect of social anxiety on the acquisition and extinction of low-cost avoidance
Wake, S., van Reekum, C. M., & Dodd, H. F. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103967 · Cited by 19
Hyperexcitability: From Normal Fear to Pathological Anxiety and Trauma
Rosen, J. B., & Schulkin, J. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2022.727054 · Cited by 22
Vanuk, J. R., Pace-Schott, E. F., Bullock, A., Esbit, S., Dailey, N. S., & Killgore, W. D. S. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.886816 · Cited by 19
Reacquisition, reinstatement, and renewal of a conditioned taste aversion in preweanling rats
Revillo, D., Castelló, S., Paglini, M. G., & Arias, C. (2013) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.21140 · Cited by 19
Spontaneous Recovery of Fear Reverses Extinction-Induced Excitability of Infralimbic Neurons
Cruz, E., López, A. V., & Porter, J. T. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103596 · Cited by 22
Swaminathan, A., Delage, H., Chatterjee, S., Dutron, L. B., Cassel, R., Martinez, N., Cosquer, B., Kumari, S., Mongélard, F., Lannes, B., et al. (2016) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m116.744169 · Cited by 19
Neural systems mediating the inhibition of cocaine-seeking behaviors
Ewald, V. A. M., & LaLumiere, R. T. (2017) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2017.07.006 · Cited by 20
Prazosin during fear conditioning facilitates subsequent extinction in male C57Bl/6N mice
Lucas, E. K., Wu, W., Roman-Ortiz, C., & Clem, R. L. (2018) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5001-x · Cited by 19
Human BDNF rs6265 polymorphism as a mediator for the generalization of contextual anxiety
Andreatta, M., Neueder, D., Genheimer, H., Schiele, M. A., Schartner, C., Deckert, J., Domschke, K., Reif, A., Wieser, M. J., & Pauli, P. (2018) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24345 · Cited by 21
MR/GR Signaling in the Brain during the Stress Response
de Kloet, E. R., & Meijer, O. C. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.87234 · Cited by 22
Zoellner, L. A., Ojalehto, H. J., Rosencrans, P. L., Walker, R. W., Garcia, N. M., Sheikh, I. S., & Bedard‐Gilligan, M. A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816022-0.00002-8 · Cited by 22
Role of noradrenergic arousal for fear extinction processes in rodents and humans
Bierwirth, P., & Stockhorst, U. (2022) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107660 · Cited by 22
Dissociation of neuronal, electrodermal, and evaluative responses in disgust extinction.
Klucken, T., Schweckendiek, J., Merz, C. J., Vaitl, D., & Stark, R. M. (2013) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0032331 · Cited by 19
The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in trace fear extinctionPreprint
Kwapis, J. L., Jarome, T. J., & Helmstetter, F. J. (2014) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.036517.114 · Cited by 21
Schuerbeek, A. V., Vanderhasselt, M., Baeken, C., Pierre, A., Smolders, I. J., Waes, V. V., & Bundel, D. D. (2021) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.01.005 · Cited by 22
Jung, T., & Noh, J. (2021) · Animal Cells and Systems · doi:10.1080/19768354.2021.1902854 · Cited by 18
Paredes, D., Knippenberg, A. R., & Morilak, D. A. (2021) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-021-01171-7 · Cited by 18
Cortisol before extinction generalization alters its neural correlates during retrieval
Hagedorn, B., Wolf, O. T., & Merz, C. J. (2021) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105607 · Cited by 19
Makale, M. T., Abbasi, S., Nybo, C., Keifer, J., Christman, L. A., Fairchild, J. K., Yesavage, J. A., Blum, K., Gold, M. S., Baron, D. A., et al. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18943 · Cited by 19
Morphologic alterations of the fear circuitry: the role of sex hormones and oral contraceptives
Brouillard, A., Davignon, L., Turcotte, A.-M., & Marin, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1228504 · Cited by 21
Uncertainty-Dependent Extinction of Fear Memory in an Amygdala-mPFC Neural Circuit Model
Li, Y., Nakae, K., Ishii, S., & Naoki, H. (2016) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005099 · Cited by 20
Acoustic startle response in rats predicts inter-individual variation in fear extinction
Russo, A. S., & Parsons, R. G. (2017) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2017.01.008 · Cited by 18
Fernandez, B., Leuchs, L., Sämann, P. G., Czisch, M., & Spoormaker, V. I. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.005 · Cited by 18
Quadrelli, S., Mountford, C. E., & Ramadan, S. A. (2018) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.07.001 · Cited by 19
Suffren, S., Chauret, M., Nassim, M., Leporé, F., & Maheu, F. S. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.028 · Cited by 18
Wendt, J., König, J., Hufenbach, M. C., Koenig, J., Thayer, J. F., & Hamm, A. O. (2019) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13404 · Cited by 18
Fear conditioning and extinction in alcohol dependence: Evidence for abnormal amygdala reactivity
Muench, C., Charlet, K., Balderston, N. L., Grillon, C., Heilig, M. A., Cortes, C. R., Momenan, R., & Lohoff, F. W. (2019) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.12835 · Cited by 21
Xiao, B., Han, F., & Shi, Y. (2019) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.22146 · Cited by 18
Potential of microRNAs as novel targets in the alleviation of pathological fear
Murphy, C. P., & Singewald, N. (2017) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12427 · Cited by 18
Wroblewski, A., Hollandt, M., Yang, Y., Ridderbusch, I. C., Pietzner, A., Szeska, C., Lotze, M., Wïttchen, H., Heinig, I., Pittig, A., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.09.001 · Cited by 20
Neuropeptide S facilitates extinction of fear via modulation of mesolimbic dopaminergic circuitry
Kawade, H. M., Awathale, S. N., Subhedar, N. K., & Kokare, D. M. (2022) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109274 · Cited by 17
Yu, Z., Kisner, A., Bhatt, A., Polter, A. M., & Marvar, P. J. (2023) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109460 · Cited by 17
Changes in brain rhythms and connectivity tracking fear acquisition and reversal
Pirazzini, G., Starita, F., Ricci, G., Garofalo, S., di Pellegrino, G., Magosso, E., & Ursino, M. (2023) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-023-02646-7 · Cited by 18
Stimulus generalization and return of fear in C57BL/6J mice
Boddez, Y., Callaerts‐Vegh, Z., Vervliet, B., Baeyens, F., D’Hooge, R., Hermans, D., & Beckers, T. (2012) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00041 · Cited by 17
Kaag, A. M., Levar, N., Woutersen, K., Homberg, J. R., van den Brink, W., Reneman, L., & van Wingen, G. A. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15040433 · Cited by 19
Gorka, S. M., Lieberman, L., Shankman, S. A., & Phan, K. L. (2017) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12829 · Cited by 18
The Neurocircuitry of Fear and PTSD
VanElzakker, M. B., Staples-Bradley, L. K., & Shin, L. M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7148-0_10 · Cited by 19
A Brief Guide to Studying Fear in Developing Rodents: Important Considerations and Common Pitfalls
Cowan, C. S. M., & Richardson, R. (2018) · Current Protocols in Neuroscience · doi:10.1002/cpns.44 · Cited by 17
Altered cerebral benzodiazepine receptor binding in post-traumatic stress disorder
Reuveni, I., Nugent, A. C., Gill, J., Vythilingam, M., Carlson, P. J., Lerner, A., Neumeister, A., Charney, D. S., Drevets, W. C., & Bonne, O. B. (2018) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-018-0257-9 · Cited by 19
Input associativity underlies fear memory renewal
Li, W., Wu, Y., Gu, X., Fan, H.-R., Wang, Q., Zhu, J., Yi, X., Wang, Q., Jiang, Q., Li, Y., et al. (2021) · National Science Review · doi:10.1093/nsr/nwab004 · Cited by 17
αCaMKII in the lateral amygdala mediates PTSD-Like behaviors and NMDAR-Dependent LTD
An, S., Wang, J., Zhang, X., Duan, Y., Xu, Y.-Q., Lv, J., Wang, D., Zhang, H., Richter‐Levin, G., Klavir, O., et al. (2021) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100359 · Cited by 17
Abend, R., Ruiz, S. G., Bajaj, M. A., Harrewijn, A., Linke, J. O., Atlas, L. Y., Winkler, A. M., & Pine, D. S. (2022) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100428 · Cited by 18
Zoladz, P. R., Reneau, K. E., Weiser, J. N., Cordes, C. N., Virden, E. M., Helwig, S., Thebeault, C. K., Pfister, C. L., Getnet, B. A., Boaz, K. M., et al. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12111536 · Cited by 22
Wendt, J., Kuhn, M., Hamm, A. O., & Lonsdorf, T. B. (2023) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.14364 · Cited by 17
Demographic factors predict magnitude of conditioned fear
Rosenbaum, B. L., Bui, É., Marin, M., Holt, D. J., Lasko, N. B., Pitman, R. K., Orr, S. P., & Milad, M. R. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.06.010 · Cited by 17
Self-citationNonlinear developmental trajectory of fear learning and memory
King, E. C., Pattwell, S. S., Sun, A., Glatt, C. E., & Lee, F. S. (2013) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.12280 · Cited by 17
There Is More Than One Kind of Extinction Learning
Goodman, J., & Packard, M. G. (2019) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2019.00016 · Cited by 17
Pierre, A., Regin, Y., Schuerbeek, A. V., Fritz, E. M., Muylle, K. M., Beckers, T., Smolders, I. J., Singewald, N., & Bundel, D. D. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104430 · Cited by 17
Affective memory rehearsal with temporal sequences in amygdala neurons
Reitich-Stolero, T., & Paz, R. (2019) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-019-0542-9 · Cited by 17
Rousseau, P., Boukezzi, S. C., Garcia, R., Chaminade, T., & Khalfa, S. (2020) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867420913623 · Cited by 19
Behavioral and neural mechanisms of latent inhibitionPreprint
Miller, D. B., Rassaby, M. M., Collins, K. A., & Milad, M. R. (2022) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.053439.121 · Cited by 17
Self-citationExposure Therapy and Its Mechanisms
Hamlett, G. E., Foa, E. B., & Brown, L. A. (2023) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2023_428 · Cited by 16
BDNF genotype Val66Met interacts with acute plasma BDNF levels to predict fear extinction and recall
Ney, L. J., Matthews, A. J., Nicholson, E., Zuj, D. V., Hsu, C. M. K., Steward, T., Graham, B. M., Harrison, B. J., Nichols, D. S., & Felmingham, K. L. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103942 · Cited by 17
Williams, B. M., Brown, M. L., Sandoval-Araujo, L. E., Russell, S., & Levinson, C. A. (2022) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/jcpsy-d-2021-0011 · Cited by 19
Kausche, F. M., Härpfer, K., Carsten, H. P., Kathmann, N., & Riesel, A. (2022) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104181 · Cited by 16
Maples‐Keller, J. L., Watkins, L. E., Hellman, N. M., Phillips, N. L., & ROTHBAUM, B. O. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.07.010 · Cited by 16
Neuronal circuits of fear memory and fear extinction
Wotjak, C. T., & Pape, H. (2013) · e-Neuroforum · doi:10.1007/s13295-013-0046-0 · Cited by 22
Kummar, A. S. (2017) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/0033294117740137 · Cited by 17
Resting-state causal connectivity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in panic disorder
Pang, M., Zhong, Y., Hao, Z., Xu, H., Wu, Y., Teng, C., Li, J., Xiao, C., Fox, P. T., Zhang, N., et al. (2019) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-019-00229-x · Cited by 16
Omura, J., Fuchikami, M., Araki, M., Miyagi, T., Okamoto, Y., & Morinobu, S. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110090 · Cited by 16
Meta‐analytic evidence for downregulation of the amygdala during working memory maintenance
de Voogd, L. D., & Hermans, E. J. (2022) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.25828 · Cited by 17
Effects of Cannabis on PTSD Recovery: Review of the Literature and Clinical Insights
Bedard‐Gilligan, M. A., Lehinger, E. A., Cornell-Maier, S., Holloway, A., & Zoellner, L. A. (2022) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-022-00414-x · Cited by 18
Paredes, D., Knippenberg, A. R., Bulin, S. E., Keppler, L. J., & Morilak, D. A. (2022) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100468 · Cited by 16
Laricchiuta, D., Saba, L., Bartolo, P. D., Caioli, S., Zona, C., & Petrosini, L. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep21205 · Cited by 17
Gao, M., Lengersdorf, D., Stüttgen, M. C., & Güntürkün, O. (2018) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.01.026 · Cited by 18
Barry, T. J., Yeung, S. P., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2018) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.08.008 · Cited by 18
Garrett, A. S., Abazid, L., Cohen, J. A., van der Kooij, A. J., Carrión, V. G., Zhang, W., Jo, B., Franklin, C. G., Blader, J. C., Zack, S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22678 · Cited by 16
Causal Network Localization of Novel Brain Stimulation Targets for Transdiagnostic Trait Anxiety
Siddiqi, S., Klingbeil, J., Webler, R., Kratter, I., Blumberger, D., Grafman, J. H., George, M., Grafman, J. H., Pascual‐Leone, Á., Pines, A., et al. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.02.083 · Cited by 16
Wake, S. J., Hedger, N., van Reekum, C. M., & Dodd, H. F. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.17262 · Cited by 15
Fertuck, E. A., Tsoi, F., Grinband, J., Ruglass, L. M., Melara, R. D., & Hien, D. A. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.056 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- Milad, M. R., & Quirk, G. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus (PR)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Psychology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2012-01-10
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 129-151
- ISSN
- 0066-4308 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2085
- PMC
- PMC4942586
- OpenAlex
- W2160253364
- Semantic Scholar
- 3e1b47b5a0d8ab9823c918aa6f6ce64eb2eba033
- Cited by
- 1,466
- References
- 228
- Citations by year
- 2026: 105 · 2025: 96 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 110 · 2021: 114 · 2020: 131 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 109 · 2017: 102 · 2016: 100 · 2015: 105 · 2014: 88 · 2013: 73 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 5.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Annual Review of Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p50mh086400-05, 5r01mh081975-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (P-50-MH-086400, K01-MH08036, R01-MH081975, R01MH058883, K01MH080346)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- fear extinction, fear conditioning, neural circuits, translational neuroscience, psychobiology, anxiety disorders
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Conditioning, Psychological, Extinction, Psychological, Fear, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neurosciences
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
