Anabolic signaling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after dynamic shortening or lengthening exercise

Cuthbertson, Daniel J.; Babraj, John; Smith, Kenneth; Wilkes, Emilie; Fedele, Mark J.; Esser, Karyn; Rennie, Michael

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00415.2005

Cited by 166Muscle metabolism and nutritionMuscle Physiology and DisordersCardiovascular and exercise physiology

Anabolic signaling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after dynamic shortening or lengthening exercise

Cuthbertson, Daniel J., Babraj, John, Smith, Kenneth, Wilkes, Emilie, Fedele, Mark J., Esser, Karyn, Rennie, Michael·2006·American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.00415.2005

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Abstract

We hypothesized a differential activation of the anabolic signaling proteins protein kinase B (PKB) and p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) and subsequent differential stimulation of human muscle protein synthesis (MPS) after dynamic shortening or lengthening exercise. Eight healthy men [25 ± 5 yr, BMI 26 ± 3 kg/m−2 (means ± SD)] were studied before and after 12 min of repeated stepping up to knee height, and down again, while carrying 25% of their body weight, i.e., shortening exercise with the “up” leg and lengthening exercise with contralateral “down” leg. Quadriceps biopsies were taken before and 3, 6, and 24 h after exercise. After exercise, over 2 h before the biopsies, the subjects ingested 500 ml of water containing 45 g of essential amino acids and 135 g of sucrose. Rates of muscle protein synthesis were determined via incorporation over time of [1-13C]leucine (≤6 h after exercise) or [1-13C]valine (21–24 h after exercise) and phosphorylation of signaling proteins by Western analysis. PKB and p70S6K phosphorylation increased ∼3-fold after 3 h and remained elevated at 6 and 24 h. After exercise, rates of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis were unchanged over the period including exercise and 3 h of recovery but had increased significantly at 6 (∼3.0- and 2.4-fold, respectively) and 24 h (∼3.2- and 2.0-fold, respectively), independently of the mode of exercise. Short-term dynamic exercise in either shortening or lengthening mode increases MPS at least as much as resistance exercise and is associated with long-term activation of PKB and p70S6K.

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Skeletal muscle protein synthesis signaling, via activation of the mTORC1 pathway, is stimulated in the range of 1-7 days post-damage in response to various eccentric or lengthening contraction protocols in rodents and humans.
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From Phytoecdysteroids Accelerate Recovery of Skeletal Muscle Function Following in vivo Eccentric Contraction-Induced Injury in Adult and Old Mice (2021) · cites this paper as [58]

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Authors: Cuthbertson, D. J., Babraj, J., Smith, K., Wilkes, E., Fedele, M. J., Esser, K., & Rennie, M.
Affiliations: Ninewells Hospital (GB)
University of Dundee (GB)
University of Nottingham (GB)
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
University of Kentucky (US)
ORCID: Cuthbertson, Daniel J.
Babraj, John
Smith, Kenneth
Wilkes, Emilie
Esser, Karyn
Rennie, Michael
Venue: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Published: 2006-04
Volume: 290
Issue: 4
Pages: E731-E738
ISSN: 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
1522-1555
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00415.2005
OpenAlex: W2135780085
Cited by: 166
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 3.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR 45617, R01AR049869, AR49869, R01AR045617)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords: muscle protein synthesis, anabolic signaling, Akt, p70 S6 kinase, dynamic exercise, quadriceps, myofibrillar protein synthesis, leucine incorporation, post-exercise recovery, resistance training
MeSH terms: Adult, Biopsy, Collagen, Humans, Leucine, Male, Muscle Proteins, Myofibrils, Phosphorylation, Random Allocation, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Valine, Blotting, Western, Signal Transduction, Exercise, Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Quadriceps Muscle

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Anabolic signaling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after dynamic shortening or lengthening exercise

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