Influence of exercise contraction mode and protein supplementation on human skeletal muscle satellite cell content and muscle fiber growth.
Open accessAbstract
Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are involved in remodeling and hypertrophy processes of skeletal muscle. However, little knowledge exists on extrinsic factors that influence the content of SCs in skeletal muscle. In a comparative human study, we investigated the muscle fiber type-specific association between emergence of satellite cells (SCs), muscle growth, and remodeling in response to 12 wk unilateral resistance training performed as eccentric (Ecc) or concentric (Conc) resistance training ± whey protein (Whey, 19.5 g protein + 19.5 g glucose) or placebo (Placebo, 39 g glucose) supplementation. Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were analyzed for fiber type-specific SCs, myonuclei, and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA). Following training, SCs increased with Conc in both type I and type II fibers (P < 0.01) and exhibited a group difference from Ecc (P < 0.05), which did not increase. Myonuclei content in type I fibers increased in all groups (P < 0.01), while a specific accretion of myonuclei in type II fibers was observed in the Whey-Conc (P < 0.01) and Placebo-Ecc (P < 0.01) groups. Similarly, whereas type I fiber CSA increased independently of intervention (P < 0.001), type II fiber CSA increased exclusively with Whey-Conc (P < 0.01) and type II fiber hypertrophy correlated with whole muscle hypertrophy exclusively following Conc training (P < 0.01). In conclusion, isolated concentric knee extensor resistance training appears to constitute a stronger driver of SC content than eccentric resistance training while type II fiber hypertrophy was accentuated when combining concentric resistance training with whey protein supplementation.
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Satellite cell activation and proliferation are influenced by the mode of exercise performed.
“The degree of satellite cell activation and proliferation appears to be influenced by the mode of exercise performed.”
From Myofibre Hypertrophy in the Absence of Changes to Satellite Cell Content Following Concurrent Exercise Training in Young Healthy Men (2021) · cites this paper as Farup et al., 2014
The Abstract and Discussion (page not provided) report that concentric training increased satellite-cell content more than eccentric training, supporting an effect of contraction mode on the satellite-cell pool. The study measured satellite-cell content, not activation or proliferation directly; the Discussion treats mechanisms involving proliferation as possibilities. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Farup, J., Rahbek, S. K., Riis, S., Vendelbo, M. H., Paoli, F. D., & Vissing, K.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, and Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Corresponding author
- Vissing, Kristian
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2014-10-15
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 898-909
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- PMC
- PMC4280155
- OpenAlex
- W2069811586
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 3.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- skeletal muscle satellite cells, resistance training, eccentric training, concentric training, whey protein supplementation, muscle fiber hypertrophy, muscle fiber type, myonuclei, fiber cross-sectional area, muscle remodeling, vastus lateralis, knee extensors
- MeSH terms
- Whey Proteins, Adult, Humans, Hypertrophy, Knee Joint, Male, Milk Proteins, Muscle Contraction, Exercise, Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch, Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch, Dietary Supplements, Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle, Quadriceps Muscle, Resistance Training, Young Adult
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