Green tea extract attenuates muscle loss and improves muscle function during disuse, but fails to improve muscle recovery following unloading in aged rats
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In this study we tested the hypothesis that green tea extract (GTE) would improve muscle recovery after reloading following disuse. Aged (32 mo) Fischer 344 Brown Norway rats were randomly assigned to receive either 14 days of hindlimb suspension (HLS) or 14 days of HLS followed by normal ambulatory function for 14 days (recovery). Additional animals served as cage controls. The rats were given GTE (50 mg/kg body wt) or water (vehicle) by gavage 7 days before and throughout the experimental periods. Compared with vehicle treatment, GTE significantly attenuated the loss of hindlimb plantaris muscle mass (-24.8% vs. -10.7%, P < 0.05) and tetanic force (-43.7% vs. -25.9%, P <0.05) during HLS. Although GTE failed to further improve recovery of muscle function or mass compared with vehicle treatment, animals given green tea via gavage maintained the lower losses of muscle mass that were found during HLS (-25.2% vs. -16.0%, P < 0.05) and force (-45.7 vs. -34.4%, P < 0.05) after the reloading periods. In addition, compared with vehicle treatment, GTE attenuated muscle fiber cross-sectional area loss in both plantaris (-39.9% vs. -23.9%, P < 0.05) and soleus (-37.2% vs. -17.6%) muscles after HLS. This green tea-induced difference was not transient but was maintained over the reloading period for plantaris (-45.6% vs. -21.5%, P <0.05) and soleus muscle fiber cross-sectional area (-38.7% vs. -10.9%, P <0.05). GTE increased satellite cell proliferation and differentiation in plantaris and soleus muscles during recovery from HLS compared with vehicle-treated muscles and decreased oxidative stress and abundance of the Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), yet this did not further improve muscle recovery in reloaded muscles. These data suggest that muscle recovery following disuse in aging is complex. Although satellite cell proliferation and differentiation are critical for muscle repair to occur, green tea-induced changes in satellite cell number is by itself insufficient to improve muscle recovery following a period of atrophy in old rats.
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Apoptosis signaling has been reported in muscle and neuronal cells of aged rodents and humans.
“Apoptosis signaling has been reported in muscle and neuronal cells of aged rodents (4, 7, 26, 34, 47, 77, 88, 130), and humans (44, 145).”
From Mitochondria initiate and regulate sarcopenia (2017) · cites this paper as [4]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Alway, S. E., Bennett, B. T., Wilson, J. C., Sperringer, J., Mohamed, J. S., Edens, N. K., & Pereira, S. L.
- Affiliations
- West Virginia University (US)
- Strategic R&D, Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio
- Abbott Nutrition (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Alway, Stephen E.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2015-02-01
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 319-330
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- PMC
- PMC4312851
- OpenAlex
- W2124142131
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (2p20rr016477-09, 1p30rr032138-01)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM103488, P30GM103488)
- National Center for Research Resources (P30-RR-032138, P20-RR016477, P20RR016440)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Keywords
- muscle atrophy, disuse, muscle unloading, hindlimb unloading, muscle recovery, reloading, aging, satellite cells, oxidative stress, Bax, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, plantaris muscle, soleus muscle, tetanic force, muscle mass
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Male, Muscular Atrophy, Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena, Organ Size, Plant Extracts, Rats, Inbred BN, Rats, Inbred F344, Tea, Oxidative Stress, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Hindlimb Suspension, Cell Proliferation, bcl-2-Associated X Protein, Rats
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