Meditation as an adjunct to the management of multiple sclerosis.
Open accessAbstract
Background. Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course is known to be adversely affected by several factors including stress. A proposed mechanism for decreasing stress and therefore decreasing MS morbidity and improving quality of life is meditation. This review aims to critically analyse the current literature regarding meditation and MS.Methods. Four major databases were used to search for English language papers published before March 2014 with the terms MS, multiple sclerosis, meditation, and mindfulness.Results. 12 pieces of primary literature fitting the selection criteria were selected: two were randomised controlled studies, four were cohort studies, and six were surveys. The current literature varies in quality; however common positive effects of meditation include improved quality of life (QOL) and improved coping skills.Conclusion. All studies suggest possible benefit to the use of meditation as an adjunct to the management of multiple sclerosis. Additional rigorous clinical trials are required to validate the existing findings and determine if meditation has an impact on disease course over time.
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MBIs can be beneficial in terms of improving both psychological and physical aspects of MS.
“Recently two systematic reviews [20, 21] focused on the efficacy of MBIs in MS patients, concluding that MBIs can be beneficial, especially in terms of improving the QoL, mental health parameters (such as anxiety and depression) and physical parameters (as fatigue).”
None of the studies comparing MBIs in MS compared the intervention with an active control group.
“but none of them compared the intervention with an active control group.”
MBIs are a relatively brief and cost-effective program that has been employed effectively in patients with several diseases, such as chronic pain, cancer, fibromyalgia, and recently in patients with MS.
“In particular, Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBIs) are a relatively brief and cost-effective program that has been employed effectively in patients with several diseases, such as chronic pain, cancer, fibromyalgia [19] and also recently in patients with MS [20, 21].”
Both a review including only controlled trials and a review using a less restrictive criterion of effectiveness concluded that mindfulness-based interventions can improve multiple sclerosis patients' quality of life and mental health, and improve ability to cope with some physical symptoms, such as fatigue and pain.
“Both a review including only controlled trial (Simpson et al., 2014) and a review using a less restrictive criterion of effectiveness (Levin et al., 2014) concluded that MBIs can improve MS patients’ quality of life and mental health, and improve ability to cope with some of the physical symptoms, such as fatigue and pain.”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
Recent systematic reviews have indicated that mindfulness-based interventions are effective in multiple sclerosis patients.
“Recent systematic reviews have indicated that MBIs are effective in MS patients (Simpson et al., 2014; Levin et al., 2014; San José et al., 2016).”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
There is a need for more rigorous clinical trials comparing mindfulness-based interventions with active control groups.
“and argued that there is a need for more rigorous clinical trials comparing MBI with active control groups (Levin et al., 2014; Simpson et al., 2014).”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
Most of the data demonstrating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions were obtained in non-controlled trials or in comparison with standard care.
“However, systematic reviews have also highlighted that most of the data demonstrating the effectiveness of MBIs were obtained in non-controlled trials or in comparison with standard care”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
Previous studies have relied on self-report outcome measures, and no previous studies have evaluated psychosocial functioning before and after an intervention using objective measures.
“Previous studies have relied on self-report outcome measures (Levin et al., 2014; Simpson et al., 2014) and no previous studies have evaluated psychosocial functioning before and after an intervention using objective measures.”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
Recent systematic reviews concluded that MBIs could help patients with MS by reducing mental symptoms (anxiety and depression) and physical symptoms (fatigue) and improving quality of life.
“Recent systematic reviews concluded that MBIs could also help patients with MS, by reducing the mental (such as anxiety and depression) and physical (i.e., fatigue) symptoms and improving the patients’ quality of life (Simpson et al., 2014; Levin et al., 2014; San José et al., 2016).”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
The results on completers strengthen the evidence that MBIs reduce depressive symptoms and enhance quality of life in patients with MS, as they demonstrate the effects of MBIs are specific to this type of intervention and are not the result of non-specific factors.
“The results on completers strengthen the evidence that MBIs reduce depressive symptoms and enhance quality of life in patients with MS (Levin et al., 2014; Simpson et al., 2014; San José et al., 2016) as they demonstrate the effects of MBIs are specific to this type of intervention and are not the result of non-specific factors.”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
None of the recent systematic reviews of MBIs in MS compared MBIs with an active control, leaving question marks over the specificity of the efficacy of MBIs.
“However, none of these studies compared MBIs with an active control, which means that there are question marks over the specificity of the efficacy of MBIs.”
From The effectiveness of a body-affective mindfulness intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled clinical trial (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2014
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The Handbook of Wellness Medicine
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Perera, D. M., & Moe, J. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.005 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Wellness Interventions in the Workplace
Chernoff, R. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.020 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sharma‐Brymer, V., Dashper, K. L., & Brymer, E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.034 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Telerehabilitation for Integrative Health
Ratcliff, C. G., Bonthala, S., Torres, D., & Korupolu, R. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-82486-6.00015-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Well-Being and Work–Life Balance
Bolton, M. A., Lobben, I., Pruzinsky, T., & Stern, T. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.046 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Forgiveness, Gratitude, and Spirituality
Idicula, S. A., Thrower, N., & Lomax, J. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.029 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bokarius, V., & Bokarius, A. V. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.037 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Wellness Interventions in Patients Living with Chronic Medical Conditions
Steiner, A. J., Aguilar-Hernandez, L., Pizano, D. R., Dascal, J., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.014 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ooi, S. L., & Pak, S. C. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.033 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dieppe, P. A., Goldingay, S., & Warber, S. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.042 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Emotional Intelligence and Its Role in Sustaining Fulfillment in Life
Sax, H. C., & Gewertz, B. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.038 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Family Relations, Friendships, and Love
Alsup, S., Weisbaum, E., Vogel, T., & Siegel, D. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.047 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Linking Organizational Stress and Burnout
Rua, O. L., Amorim, V., Lamas, M. C., & Lopes, B. D. S. (2023) · Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-7212-5.ch007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Role of Aesthetics in Wellness
Mikhail, A. A., & Ngor, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.032 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ogunyemi, D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.011 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Volle, D. C., & DeBonis, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.023 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Allergic, Infectious, and Immunological Processes
Riaz, O., Orimaye, S. O., Al-Khateeb, T., Sodeke, P. O., Awujoola, A. O., & Goodkin, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.012 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Melchert, T. P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.004 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.052 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Crescentini, C., Fabbro, F., & Aglioti, S. M. (2017) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52067-4_7
Mindfulness and Multiple Sclerosis
Sadhir, M. (2018) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)
Mindfulness, Meditation, and Yoga
Budd, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.028
Work, Love, Play, and Joie de Vivre
Groningen, N. V., IsHak, W. W., Ganjian, S., Ong, M. K., & Slusser, W. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.045
Acupuncture, Herbs, and Ayurvedic Medicine
Postolov, L., & Gilberg-Lenz, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.031
Circadian Rhythm in the Digital Age
Ezzat-Velinov, M., & Guarneri, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.035
Chaudhry, M., Gordon, A., Tadros, E., Sun, C., Tobia, G., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.019
The Personalized Wellness Life Plan
IsHak, W. W., Bart, R., Gohar, Y., Lorea, N., Eskander, L., Chang, T., Cohen, S., Furman, K., Nayyar, P. P., & DeBonis, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.050
Exercise, Dance, Tai Chi, Pilates, and Alexander Technique
Altug, Z. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.025
Louy, C., Sweet, C., Pollock, G. A., de Zagon, C., Louy, Z., Weiss, J. M., & Maher, D. P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.017
Pharmaceuticals and Alternatives for Wellness
Parisi, T., Heath, B., Wen, R. Y., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.024
Bucciarelli, A., Ellison, G. K., Sommer, E. K., & Spooner, H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.036
Screening and Assessment Methods for Wellness
Greenberg, J. M., Castillo, E. G., IsHak, W. W., & Wells, K. B. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.002
The Role of Leisure, Recreation, and Play in Health and Well-Being
Payne, L. L., & An, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.048
Positive Neuropsychology, Cognitive Rehabilitation, and Neuroenhancement
Pimental, P. A., O'Hara, J. B., Christopher, J., & Ciampanelli, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.030
Wellness in Children and Adolescents
Zanko, C., & Stuber, M. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.016
Connection, Compassion, and Community
Hedrick, R., & Jones, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.043
Wellness Interventions for Chronicity and Disability
Klimowicz, A., Schussel, L., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.044
Mays, A. M., Whiteman, E., & Rosen, S. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.015
Developing Purpose, Meaning, and Achievements
Vilhauer, J. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.041
Sleep, Rest, and Relaxation in Improving Wellness
Ngor, A., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.026
The Biopsychosocial Assessment
Somjee, L., & Esbitt, S. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.003 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Wellness and the Genito-Urinary System
EILBER, K. S., & Lee, U. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.010
Marin, K., Tobia, G., Bakhoum, A., Naghdechi, L., Korouri, S., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.027
Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Wellness
IsHak, W. W., & Herrera, N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.008
Wellness in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Clevenger, S., Eskander, L., Lin, T. Y., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.013
The Concept of Wellness in Psychiatric and Substance-Use Disorders
Awad, A. G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.006
Wellness and Whole-Person Care
Hutchinson, T. A., & Hutchinson, N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.049
Herrera, N., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.040
Wellness in Cancer and Neoplastic Diseases
Bashmi, L., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.018
Wellness Interventions for Physicians and Healthcare Professionals
Goldenberg, M., & Danovitch, I. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.021
Neurological and Neurosurgical Disorders and Wellness
Ding, K., & Yang, I. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.007
Gastrointestinal System and Wellness
Robbins, L., & Feldman, E. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.009
(2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-22085-2.00028-8
Bevens, W., Weiland, T. J., Gray, K. M., Neate, S. L., Nag, N., Simpson, S., Reece, J. C., Yu, M., & Jelinek, G. A. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3987076
Self-citationIsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.051
Lundy, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.022
IsHak, W. W., Mann, A., Manoukian, V., Pakhdikian, S., Chaudhry, M., Liu, A., & Bart, R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.001
IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.053
Crescentini, C., & Feruglio, S. (2023) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24930-3_7
- Authors
- Levin, A. B., Hadgkiss, E. J., Weiland, T. J., & Jelinek, G. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Levin, Adam B.
- Venue
- Neurology Research International
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 2014
- Pages
- 1-10
- ISSN
- 2090-1852 (ISSN-L)
- 2090-1860
- PMC
- PMC4102064
- OpenAlex
- W2008664295
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 56 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neurology Research International (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, meditation, mindfulness, stress, quality of life, coping strategies, adjunctive therapy, clinical course
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