Influence of mindfulness practice on cortisol and sleep in long-term and short-term meditators
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is growing scientific interest in assessing the biological correlates of non-pharmacological interventions such as mindfulness. Examinations of the beneficial effects of mindfulness on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical system activity (HPA SA) and sleep are sparse. The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of long- and short-term meditation experience on HPA SA and sleep. METHOD: There were 20 participants, 9 of whom had long-term experience in meditation (mean = 264 months) and 11 novices. Novices underwent an 8-week course in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), and cortisol samples were taken in the lab at the beginning and end of the course. To assess the cortisol awakening response, 4 morning cortisol samples were collected. Sleep and mindfulness were assessed by self-rating questionnaires. RESULTS: Among participants with long-term meditation experience, morning cortisol decreased with length of experience. For novices, after an 8-week introductory MBSR course, morning cortisol levels had decreased, while both sleep and self-attribution of mindfulness significantly improved. Cortisol levels did not, however, change between the beginning and end of individual MBSR sessions. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of results lends support to the view that MBSR/meditation has a favorable influence both on biomarkers of stress regulation, such as cortisol secretion, and on sleep.
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The study had a dropout rate of only 11%, which was significantly lower than the typical range of 24-50% observed in mental health RCTs delivered via smartphones.
“Our study also had a dropout rate of only 11%, which was significantly lower than the typical range of 24–50% observed in mental health RCTs delivered via smartphones [97-99].”
Results regarding the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on CAR are mixed.
“However, results regarding the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on CAR are mixed [63–66].”
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- Authors
- Brand, S., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Naranjo, J. R., & Schmidt, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Basel (CH)
- University Medical Center Freiburg (DE)
- University of Humanistic Studies (NL)
- Venue
- Neuropsychobiology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 109-118
- ISSN
- 0302-282X (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0224
- OpenAlex
- W2094150959
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 17.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Keywords
- mindfulness, meditation, cortisol, sleep, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stress regulation, mindfulness-based stress reduction, long-term meditators, cortisol awakening response
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Saliva, Sleep, Time Factors, Wakefulness, Meditation, Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical, Area Under Curve
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