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Cited by 72Stress Responses and CortisolSleep and Wakefulness ResearchSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity Is Related to the Level of Central Arousal: Effect of Sleep Deprivation on the Association of High-Frequency Waking Electroencephalogram with Cortisol Release

Chapotot, Florian, Buguet, Alain, Gronfier, Claude, Brandenberger, Gabrielle·2001·Neuroendocrinology
DOI 10.1159/000054648
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Abstract

The temporal and quantitative interrelationships between the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and the level of central arousal were studied in 10 healthy young men during daytime wakefulness. Two experimental sessions were conducted randomly between 09.00 and 18.00 h, once after nocturnal sleep and once after a night of total sleep deprivation. Spectral analysis of serial waking electroencephalography (EEG) from a short target fixation task repeated every 10 min was undertaken, along with an estimation of cortisol secretory profiles by deconvolution of plasma radioimmunoassay measures obtained from continuous blood withdrawal with regular sampling at a 10-min interval. Following nocturnal sleep, a temporal association between the HPA axis activity and the waking EEG activity was found, cortisol secretory rate following changes in frontal gamma (20–45 Hz) band power by 10 min (average R = 0.458, p < 0.001). Although it remained significant (average R = 0.276, p < 0.05), the association strength decreased significantly following total sleep deprivation (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon test). Cortisol plasma level, secretory rate and pulse amplitude were increased as well as waking EEG power in the delta (0.5–5.5 Hz), theta (5.5–8.5 Hz) and gamma frequency bands (all p values <0.05, Student t tests). The sleep deprivation-related increases in cortisol secretory rate and waking EEG gamma activity were quantitatively associated (R = 0.504, p < 0.05). These results support the existence of a common ultradian regulatory mechanism, co-ordinating HPA axis activity to the level of central arousal in man, which seems involved in the sleep deprivation-induced hyperarousal.

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  • During waking, an association exists between cortisol secretory bursts and indices of central arousal.

    “During waking, an association between cortisol secretory bursts and indices of central arousal has also been detected.”

    From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [63]

  • The findings of high glucocorticoid levels in a condition of acute sleep loss have been interpreted as reflecting the stress of the effort to maintain wakefulness and are consistent with the positive correlation found between high frequency EEG activity in wake, indices of arousal, and cortisol release.

    “The findings of high glucocorticoid levels in a condition of acute sleep loss have been interpreted as reflecting the stress of the effort to maintain wakefulness and is consistent with the positive correlation found between high frequency EEG activity in wake, indices of arousal, and cortisol release [63].”

    From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [63]

  • A biphasic HPA response to sleep deprivation has been suggested, where activation of the HPA axis, as part of the stress response, may be one of the arousal mechanisms recruited early on to adapt to sleep loss; however, when wakefulness is prolonged, the increased sleep pressure may eventually cause a blunting of the HPA axis activity.

    “Hence, a biphasic HPA response to sleep deprivation has been suggested [63] where activation of the HPA axis, as part of the stress response, may be one of the arousal mechanisms recruited early on to adapt to sleep loss; however, when wakefulness is prolonged, the increased sleep pressure may eventually cause a blunting of the HPA axis activity.”

    From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [63]

  • Several studies have reported an elevation of cortisol levels both during the night of total sleep deprivation and, if wakefulness was further prolonged, during the following day, particularly in the afternoon and evening.

    “Several studies have reported an elevation of cortisol levels both during the night of total sleep deprivation [13, 35, 72] and, if wakefulness was further prolonged, during the following day, particularly in the afternoon and evening [63, 73].”

    From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [63]

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Authors
Chapotot, F., Buguet, A., Gronfier, C., & Brandenberger, G.
Affiliations
  • Service de Santé des Armées (FR)
  • Université de Strasbourg (FR)
ORCID
Venue
Neuroendocrinology
Publisher
S. Karger AG
Published
2001
Volume
73
Issue
5
Pages
312-321
ISSN
  • 0028-3835 (ISSN-L)
  • 1423-0194
DOI
10.1159/000054648
OpenAlex
W1963484696
Cited by
72
References
35
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
FWCI
1.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, sleep deprivation, cortisol secretion, waking EEG, gamma power, ultradian rhythms, hyperarousal, plasma cortisol, EEG spectral analysis
MeSH terms
Adrenal Glands, Adult, Arousal, Electroencephalography, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamus, Male, Pituitary Gland, Sleep Deprivation, Wakefulness

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