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Cited by 476Atrial Fibrillation Management and OutcomesPhysical Activity and HealthCardiovascular and exercise physiology

Physical Activity and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Open access
Mozaffarian, Dariush, Furberg, Curt D., Psaty, Bruce M., Siscovick, David·2008·Circulation
DOI 10.1161/circulationaha.108.785626PMC PMC3133958
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Abstract

Background— Vigorous exertion and endurance training have been reported to increase atrial fibrillation (AF). Associations of habitual light or moderate activity with AF incidence have not been evaluated. Methods and Results— We prospectively investigated associations of leisure-time activity, exercise intensity, and walking habits, assessed at baseline and updated during follow-up visits, with incident AF, diagnosed by annual 12-lead ECGs and hospital discharge records, from 1989 to 2001 among 5446 adults ≥65 years of age in the Cardiovascular Health Study. During 47 280 person-years of follow-up, 1061 new AF cases occurred (incidence 22.4/1000 person-years). In multivariable-adjusted analyses, leisure-time activity was associated with lower AF incidence in a graded manner, with 25% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61 to 0.90), 22% (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.95), and 36% (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.79) lower risk in quintiles 3, 4, and 5 versus quintile 1 ( P for trend <0.001). Exercise intensity had a U-shaped relationship with AF (quadratic P =0.02): Versus no exercise, AF incidence was lower with moderate-intensity exercise (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.89) but not with high-intensity exercise (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.19). Walking distance and pace were each associated with lower AF risk in a graded manner ( P for trend <0.001); when we assessed the combined effects of distance and pace, individuals in quartiles 2, 3, and 4 had 25% (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.99), 32% (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.92), and 44% (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.82) lower AF incidence than individuals in quartile 1. Findings appeared unrelated to confounding by comorbidity or indication. After evaluation of cut points of moderate leisure-time activity (≈600 kcal/week), walking distance (12 blocks per week), and pace (2 mph), 26% of all new AF cases (95% CI 7% to 43%) appeared attributable to absence of these activities. Conclusions— Light to moderate physical activities, particularly leisure-time activity and walking, are associated with significantly lower AF incidence in older adults.

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

In older U.S. adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study, greater leisure-time physical activity and walking were associated with lower incident atrial fibrillation, while high-intensity exercise showed no significant benefit. Moderate activity appeared to account for a meaningful fraction of new AF cases.

Key findings

  • During 47,280 person-years, 1,061 new AF cases occurred (incidence 22.4/1,000 person-years) among 5,446 adults ≥65.
  • Leisure-time activity was graded inversely associated with AF: versus quintile 1, HRs were 0.75 (95% CI 0.61–0.90), 0.78 (0.65–0.95), and 0.64 (0.52–0.79) for quintiles 3, 4, and 5; p trend <0.001.
  • Exercise intensity had a U-shaped relationship: versus no exercise, moderate intensity HR 0.72 (0.58–0.89), but high intensity HR 0.87 (0.64–1.19).
  • Combined walking distance/pace was graded inversely associated with AF: versus quartile 1, HRs were 0.73 (0.61–0.86), 0.60 (0.50–0.73), and 0.52 (0.42–0.65) for quartiles 2–4; 26% (95% CI 7–43%) of new AF cases were attributable to absence of moderate leisure-time activity and regular walking.

Methods

  • Prospective cohort analysis within the Cardiovascular Health Study: 5,446 ambulatory, noninstitutionalized adults ≥65 without AF at baseline, enrolled in 1989–90 with additional black participants in 1992.
  • Physical activity measures—leisure-time activity, exercise intensity, and walking distance/pace—were assessed at baseline and updated at the 3rd and 7th annual visits; AF was identified by annual 12-lead ECGs and hospital discharge records through 2001.
  • Cox proportional-hazards models estimated hazard ratios for incident AF, using cumulative averaging of activity measures and multivariable adjustment for demographic, clinical, and potential mediator covariates.

Limitations

  • The paper states physical activity was self-reported and assessed average activity in the prior two weeks at each visit, so misclassification is likely; asymptomatic paroxysmal AF may have been missed; residual confounding cannot be excluded; and findings may not generalize to younger individuals.
  • The paper also notes the observational design cannot establish causality, although it reports consistency with other observational and randomized lifestyle studies.
  • Evident from the text: exercise intensity and walking habits relied on self-report categories, and the cohort was older U.S. adults, limiting generalization to other ages or populations.

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/circulationaha.108.785626

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

0 of 25 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

  • Findingown data

    Walking pace is associated with lower atrial fibrillation risk in a graded manner in older adults.

    “Walking distance and pace were each associated with lower AF risk in a graded manner (p trend <0.001)”
    • Also stated in: § Distance and Pace of Walking · plain
      “Compared to pace <2 mph, individuals with pace of 2–3 mph and >3 mph had 32% and 41% lower risk, respectively (p trend <0.001).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    During 47,280 person-years of follow-up in the Cardiovascular Health Study, 1,061 new cases of atrial fibrillation occurred, an incidence of 22.4 cases per 1,000 person-years.

    “During 47,280 person-years follow-up, 1,061 new AF cases occurred (incidence=22.4/1,000 person-years).”
    • Also stated in: § Leisure-Time Activity and Exercise Intensity · plain
      “During 12 years follow-up (47,280 total person-years), 1,061 new cases of AF were documented (incidence rate=22.4 cases per 1,000 person-years).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Walking distance is associated with lower atrial fibrillation risk in a graded manner in older adults.

    “Walking distance and pace were each associated with lower AF risk in a graded manner (p trend <0.001)”
    • Also stated in: § Distance and Pace of Walking · plain
      “compared to walking 0–4 blocks/week, individuals walking 5–11, 12–23, 24–59, and 60+ blocks/week had 22%, 24%, 33%, and 44% lower risk, respectively (p trend <0.001).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Compared with no regular exercise, high intensity exercise is not associated with significantly lower atrial fibrillation risk (HR=0.87, 95%CI=0.64, 1.19).

    “but not high (HR=0.87, 95%CI=0.64, 1.19), intensity exercise.”
    • Also stated in: § Leisure-Time Activity and Exercise Intensity · plain
      “individuals with high intensity exercise did not have significantly lower risk than those with no regular exercise”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    In older adults, leisure-time physical activity is associated with lower atrial fibrillation incidence in a graded manner.

    “leisure-time activity was associated with lower AF incidence in a graded manner”
    • Also stated in: § Leisure-Time Activity and Exercise Intensity · plain
      “After multivariable-adjustment, graded lower risk was evident across quintiles of leisure-time activity”
    • Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
      “Greater leisure-time activity and walking were associated with graded lower incidence of AF”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • May combine two claims. 8
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 11

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Exercise intensity has a nonlinear U-shaped relationship with incident atrial fibrillation, with a significant quadratic term (p=0.02).

    “Exercise intensity had a U-shaped relationship with AF (quadratic p=0.02)”
    • Also stated in: § Leisure-Time Activity and Exercise Intensity · plain
      “a nonlinear U-shaped relationship was seen between exercise intensity and incident AF”
    • Also stated in: § Leisure-Time Activity and Exercise Intensity · plain
      “the addition of a U-shaped (quadratic) term to the ordinal model for exercise intensity was statistically significant (p=0.02), confirming the nonlinearity of this relationship.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    A combined walking distance and pace score is associated with lower atrial fibrillation risk in a graded manner; the highest quartile had 48% lower risk compared with the lowest quartile (HR=0.52, 95%CI=0.42, 0.65).

    “individuals in quartile 2, 3, and 4 had 27% (HR=0.73, 95%CI=0.61, 0.86), 40% (HR=0.60, 95%CI=0.50, 0.73), and 48% (HR=0.52, 95%CI=0.42, 0.65) lower AF incidence, compared with quartile 1.”
    • Also stated in: § Distance and Pace of Walking · plain
      “individuals in the highest quartile had 48% lower risk (95% CI=35, 58%; p trend <0.001).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Excluding individuals with comorbidities that could limit activity did not greatly alter results; lower atrial fibrillation risk remained with greater leisure-time activity, moderate exercise intensity, and greater walking distance/pace.

    “Results were not greatly altered, with lower AF risk in multivariable-adjusted analyses with greater leisure-time activity (comparing extreme quintiles, HR=0.68, 95% CI=0.54, 0.86; p trend=0.003), moderate exercise intensity (comparing moderate to none, HR=0.70, 95% CI=0.54, 0.90) and greater distance/pace walked (comparing extreme quartiles, HR=0.54, 95% CI=0.42, 0.69; p trend <0.001).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Further adjustment for potential confounders or mediators modestly attenuated the associations: the extreme quintile relative risk for leisure-time activity went from 0.64 to 0.67, moderate exercise intensity from 0.72 to 0.73, and high exercise intensity from 0.87 to 0.93.

    “the extreme quintile relative risk for leisure-time activity went from 0.64 to 0.67 (95% CI=0.54, 0.83), and the relative risk for moderate and for high exercise intensity went from 0.72 to 0.73 (95% CI=0.59, 0.91) and from 0.87 to 0.93 (95% CI=0.66, 1.28), respectively.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Interpretationnone given

    The associations observed in older adults participating in a cohort study may not be generalizable to younger individuals.

    “The associations were observed in older adults participating in a cohort study and may not be generalizable to younger individuals.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductnone given

    The use of repeated assessments of physical activity and other risk factors over time reduces misclassification due to changes in activity and assesses long-term effects.

    “The use of repeated assessments of physical activity and other risk factors over time reduces misclassification due to changes in activity and assesses long-term effects.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductreasoning

    Residual confounding due to unmeasured or imprecisely measured factors cannot be excluded.

    “The possibility of residual confounding due to unmeasured or imprecisely measured factors cannot be excluded.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Study design and conductnone given

    Standardized assessment of a wide variety of participant characteristics increases the capacity to adjust for confounding.

    “Standardized assessment of a wide variety of participant characteristics increases the capacity to adjust for confounding.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Vigorous exertion and endurance training have been reported to increase atrial fibrillation risk.

    “Vigorous exertion and endurance training have been reported to increase atrial fibrillation (AF).”
    • Also stated in: § INTRODUCTION · plain
      “Physical activity has been reported to increase the risk of AF.5–11”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 7 sources checked
    • cites [5] Karjalainen J Kujala UM Kaprio J Sarna S Viitasalo M Lone atrial fibrillation in vigorously exercising middle aged men: case-control study BMJ 1998 316 1784 1785 9624065 PMC28577 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [6] Furlanello F Bertoldi A Dallago M Galassi A Fernando F Biffi A Mazzone P Pappone C Chierchia S Atrial fibrillation in elite athletes J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1998 9 S63 68 9727678

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [7] Mont L Sambola A Brugada J Vacca M Marrugat J Elosua R Pare C Azqueta M Sanz G Long-lasting sport practice and lone atrial fibrillation Eur Heart J 2002 23 477 482 11863350 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [8] Hoogsteen J Schep G Van Hemel NM Van Der Wall EE Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in male endurance athletes. A 9-year follow up Europace 2004 6 222 228 15121075 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [9] Heidbuchel H Anne W Willems R Adriaenssens B Van de Werf F Ector H Endurance sports is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation after ablation for atrial flutter Int J Cardiol 2006 107 67 72 16337500 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [10] Elosua R Arquer A Mont L Sambola A Molina L Garcia-Moran E Brugada J Marrugat J Sport practice and the risk of lone atrial fibrillation: a case-control study Int J Cardiol 2006 108 332 337 15963583 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [11] Heidbuchel H Panhuyzen-Goedkoop N Corrado D Hoffmann E Biffi A Delise P Blomstrom-Lundqvist C Vanhees L Ivarhoff P Dorwarth U Pelliccia A Recommendations for participation in leisure-time physical activity and competitive sports in patients with arrhythmias and potentially arrhythmogenic conditions Part I: Supraventricular arrhythmias and pacemakers Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2006 13 475 484 16874135 source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Only vigorous exertion and endurance training have been evaluated for atrial fibrillation risk, and largely only in retrospective case-control studies and case series of younger athletes and middle-aged adults.

    “However, only vigorous exertion and endurance training have been evaluated, and largely only in retrospective case-control studies and case series of younger athletes and middle-aged adults.5–11”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 7 sources checked
    • cites [5] Karjalainen J Kujala UM Kaprio J Sarna S Viitasalo M Lone atrial fibrillation in vigorously exercising middle aged men: case-control study BMJ 1998 316 1784 1785 9624065 PMC28577 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [6] Furlanello F Bertoldi A Dallago M Galassi A Fernando F Biffi A Mazzone P Pappone C Chierchia S Atrial fibrillation in elite athletes J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1998 9 S63 68 9727678

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [7] Mont L Sambola A Brugada J Vacca M Marrugat J Elosua R Pare C Azqueta M Sanz G Long-lasting sport practice and lone atrial fibrillation Eur Heart J 2002 23 477 482 11863350 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [8] Hoogsteen J Schep G Van Hemel NM Van Der Wall EE Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in male endurance athletes. A 9-year follow up Europace 2004 6 222 228 15121075 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [9] Heidbuchel H Anne W Willems R Adriaenssens B Van de Werf F Ector H Endurance sports is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation after ablation for atrial flutter Int J Cardiol 2006 107 67 72 16337500 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [10] Elosua R Arquer A Mont L Sambola A Molina L Garcia-Moran E Brugada J Marrugat J Sport practice and the risk of lone atrial fibrillation: a case-control study Int J Cardiol 2006 108 332 337 15963583 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [11] Heidbuchel H Panhuyzen-Goedkoop N Corrado D Hoffmann E Biffi A Delise P Blomstrom-Lundqvist C Vanhees L Ivarhoff P Dorwarth U Pelliccia A Recommendations for participation in leisure-time physical activity and competitive sports in patients with arrhythmias and potentially arrhythmogenic conditions Part I: Supraventricular arrhythmias and pacemakers Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2006 13 475 484 16874135 source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Study design and conductnone given

    The population-based recruitment strategy enhances generalizability.

    “The population-based recruitment strategy enhances generalizability.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductnone given

    The prospective assessment of physical activity and other covariates reduces potential bias from recall differences.

    “The prospective assessment of physical activity and other covariates reduces potential bias from recall differences.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductnone given

    The cohort design minimizes selection bias because the non-cases represent the true population from which the cases arose.

    “The cohort design minimizes selection bias (i.e., the non-cases represent the true population from which the cases arose).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    Physical activity was self-reported and assessed average activity in the prior two weeks at each visit, and some misclassification of the true activity of each individual is likely.

    “Physical activity was self-reported and assessed average activity in the prior two weeks at each visit, and some misclassification of the true activity of each individual is likely (although cumulative averaging over time reduces such error).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductnone given

    The large number of events provides ample statistical power.

    “The large number of events provides ample statistical power.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    Physical activity habits were updated over time using cumulative averaging to minimize misclassification and assess long-term effects of habitual activity.

    “Physical activity habits were updated over time using cumulative averaging to minimize misclassification (measurement error) and assess long-term effects of habitual activity”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Atrial fibrillation is particularly problematic in older adults aged 65 and older, in whom the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation is approximately 2% per year.

    “AF is particularly problematic in older adults (≥65), in whom risk of new-onset AF is ~2% per year;1, 2, 4”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [1] Rosamond W Flegal K Friday G Furie K Go A Greenlund K Haase N Ho M Howard V Kissela B Kittner S Lloyd-Jones D McDermott M Meigs J Moy C Nichol G O’Donnell CJ Roger V Rumsfeld J Sorlie P Steinberger J Thom T Wasserthiel-Smoller S Hong Y Heart disease and stroke statistics--2007 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Circulation 2007 115 e69 171 17194875 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [2] Kannel WB Wolf PA Benjamin EJ Levy D Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates Am J Cardiol 1998 82 2N 9N 9809895 source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [4] Psaty BM Manolio TA Kuller LH Kronmal RA Cushman M Fried LP White R Furberg CD Rautaharju PM Incidence of and risk factors for atrial fibrillation in older adults Circulation 1997 96 2455 2461 9337224

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductcitation

    To minimize potential confounding, covariates were selected based on clinical interest, previously established risk factors for incident atrial fibrillation in older adults, or associations with exposures or outcomes in the current cohort.

    “To minimize potential confounding, covariates were selected based on clinical interest, previously established risk factors for incident AF in older adults,4 or associations with exposures or outcomes in the current cohort.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [4] Psaty BM Manolio TA Kuller LH Kronmal RA Cushman M Fried LP White R Furberg CD Rautaharju PM Incidence of and risk factors for atrial fibrillation in older adults Circulation 1997 96 2455 2461 9337224

      Not checked in the free run.

18 of 18

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    No prior studies have prospectively evaluated the relationship between habitual light to moderate physical activity and incidence of atrial fibrillation.

    “No prior studies have prospectively evaluated the relationship between habitual light to moderate physical activity and incidence of AF.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The relationship between habitual physical activity and incidence of atrial fibrillation among older adults is unknown.

    “However, the relationship between habitual physical activity and incidence of AF among older adults is unknown.”
2 of 2

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The J-shape effect of physical activity on AF risk is gender-specific and more pronounced in younger males.

    “This effect seems to be gender-specific and more pronounced in younger males.”

    From Atrial Fibrillation in Elite Athletes: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [15]

    The Results (Assessment of Confounding by Comorbidity; page unavailable) report little evidence that the association between physical activity and AF varied by age or gender. Although the paper finds a U-shaped association for exercise intensity in older adults, it does not find the claimed stronger effect in younger males. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Physical activity has a dose-dependent J-shape effect on AF risk, with increased risk at very low and very high levels of physical activity.

    “A recent meta-analysis showed that physical activity has a dose-dependent J-shape effect on AF risk, with increased risk at very low and very high levels of physical activity [15].”

    From Atrial Fibrillation in Elite Athletes: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [15]

    The Results report a nonlinear, U-shaped association for exercise intensity in older adults: moderate exercise was associated with lower AF risk than no regular exercise. But high-intensity exercise was not associated with significantly higher risk than no exercise, and the Discussion explicitly describes it as having a neutral association. This paper is a prospective cohort study, not a meta-analysis; its leisure-time activity measure showed graded lower risk rather than a J-shaped pattern. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Regular exercise of low or moderate intensity serves as a preventive strategy for cardiovascular disease and AF, while higher-intensity endurance exercise may lead to AF.

    “Regular exercise of either low or moderate intensity seems serve as a preventive strategy for cardiovascular disease and AF, while higher-intensity endurance exercise may lead to AF [6,7,8,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21].”

    From Atrial Fibrillation in Elite Athletes: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [15]

    The Results and Discussion report lower AF incidence with moderate activity in older adults, and the Discussion reports a possible increase in AF with endurance exercise among younger and middle-aged people. But this study found no increased AF risk with high-intensity exercise in its older cohort. It also does not establish low- or moderate-intensity exercise as a preventive strategy for cardiovascular disease generally; the AF finding is observational. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • A 2 to 10 times higher frequency of AF has been shown in high-intensity endurance athletes compared to individuals who do not exercise.

    “Many retrospective observational studies and meta-analyses have estimated a 2 to 10 times higher frequency of AF in high-intensity endurance athletes compared to individuals who do not exercise [6,7,8,12,13,14,15,16,17].”

    From Atrial Fibrillation in Elite Athletes: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [15]

    The Discussion reports that case series and retrospective studies suggest higher AF risk in long-term endurance athletes than in the general population. It does not give a 2-to-10-fold estimate, identify meta-analyses supporting that range, or establish that the comparison group did not exercise. The paper’s own Results concern older adults and do not show higher AF incidence with high-intensity exercise than with no regular exercise. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Our results do not support the hypothesis that the observed lower risk of cardiovascular events amongst individuals with high cardiorespiratory fitness can be explained by a more benign (i.e. stable) plaque composition.

    “our results do not support the hypothesis that the observed lower risk of cardiovascular events amongst individuals with high cardiorespiratory fitness can be explained by a more benign (i.e. stable) plaque composition.22”

    From Lifelong endurance exercise and its relation with coronary atherosclerosis (2023) · cites this paper as [22]

    The Results and Discussion address physical activity and incident atrial fibrillation in older adults, not cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular events, or plaque composition. Searches for stable plaque composition and plaque stability found no passage evaluating the proposed explanation. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.

  • Conflicting statements about leisure-time activity and preexisting CHD

    Minor

    The results first say greater leisure-time activity was associated with a lower prevalence of CHD, then say leisure-time activity was not associated with preexisting CHD.

1 of 1

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. 10.1161/circ.96.7.2455 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Mozaffarian, D., Furberg, C. D., Psaty, B. M., & Siscovick, D.
Affiliations
Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
ORCID
Venue
Circulation
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2008-08-19
Volume
118
Issue
8
Pages
800-807
ISSN
  • 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4539
DOI
10.1161/circulationaha.108.785626
PMC
PMC3133958
OpenAlex
W1985229307
Semantic Scholar
86910bc7dc4958b103faa32780d2405263d4643d
Cited by
476
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 20
FWCI
10.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Circulation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (n01hc045133-001, n01hc085079-024, n01hc015103-009, n01hc085086-022, n01hc55222-0-0-0, n01hc075150-004, n01hc035129-010, 1k08hl075628-01)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01 HC085086, K08-HL-075628, N01 HC085079, N01HC‐75150, N01 HC85086, N01 HC035129, N01 HC015103, N01 HC55222, U01HL080295, N01 HC055222, N01 HC075150, N01 HC045133, N01-HC85079)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords
atrial fibrillation, physical activity, older adults, leisure-time activities, exercise intensity, walking, walking speed, walking distance, atrial fibrillation incidence, U-shaped relationship, Cardiovascular Health Study, cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical fitness, sex differences, racial differences, socioeconomic status, endurance training
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Atrial Fibrillation, Female, Humans, Leisure Activities, Male, Motor Activity, Prospective Studies, Exercise, Incidence, Walking

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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