The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nonlinear Component Analysis as a Kernel Eigenvalue Problem
Abstract
A new method for performing a nonlinear form of principal component analysis is proposed. By the use of integral operator kernel functions, one can efficiently compute principal components in high-dimensional feature spaces, related to input space by some nonlinear map—for instance, the space of all possible five-pixel products in 16 × 16 images. We give the derivation of the method and present experimental results on polynomial feature extraction for pattern recognition.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Cortes, C., & Vapnik, V. (1995) · Machine Learning · doi:10.1007/bf00994018 · Cited by 59,421
The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory
Vapnik, V. N. (1995) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2440-0 · Cited by 39,138
Backpropagation Applied to Handwritten Zip Code Recognition
LeCun, Y., Boser, B., Denker, J. S., Henderson, D., Howard, R. E., Hubbard, W., & Jackel, L. D. (1989) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco.1989.1.4.541 · Cited by 11,891
Simplified neuron model as a principal component analyzer
Oja, E. (1982) · Journal of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/bf00275687 · Cited by 2,309
Cited by
Representation Learning: A Review and New Perspectives
Bengio, Y., Courville, A., & Vincent, P. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2013.50 · Cited by 13,001
Gene selection for cancer classification using support vector machines
Guyon, I., Weston, J., Barnhill, S., & Vapnik, V. (2002) · Machine Learning · doi:10.1023/a:1012487302797 · Cited by 9,954
Hearst, M. A., Dumais, S. T., Osuna, E., Platt, J., & Scholkopf, B. (1998) · IEEE Intelligent Systems and their Applications · doi:10.1109/5254.708428 · Cited by 7,243
A Comprehensive Survey on Transfer Learning
Zhuang, F., Qi, Z., Duan, K., Xi, D., Zhu, Y., Zhu, H., Xiong, H., & He, Q. (2021) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2020.3004555 · Cited by 6,678
Dimensionality Reduction by Learning an Invariant Mapping
Hadsell, R., Chopra, S., & LeCun, Y. (2006) · 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2 (CVPR'06) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2006.100 · Cited by 5,336
Human3.6M: Large Scale Datasets and Predictive Methods for 3D Human Sensing in Natural Environments
Ionescu, C., Papava, D., Olaru, V., & Sminchisescu, C. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2013.248 · Cited by 3,653
Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis
Tipping, M. E., & Bishop, C. M. (1999) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/1467-9868.00196 · Cited by 3,679
(2015) · Cited by 2,857
(1999) · doi:10.1162/089976600300015565 · Cited by 2,799
A Comprehensive Survey of Clustering Algorithms
Xu, D., & Tian, Y. (2015) · Annals of Data Science · doi:10.1007/s40745-015-0040-1 · Cited by 1,939
Detecting Spacecraft Anomalies Using LSTMs and Nonparametric Dynamic Thresholding
Hundman, K., Constantinou, V., Laporte, C., Colwell, I., & Soderstrom, T. (2018) · Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining · doi:10.1145/3219819.3219845 · Cited by 1,771
Pimentel, M. A. F., Clifton, D. A., Clifton, L., & Tarassenko, L. (2014) · Signal Processing · doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2013.12.026 · Cited by 1,649
Unke, O. T., Chmiela, S., Sauceda, H. E., Gastegger, M., Poltavsky, I., Schütt, K. T., Tkatchenko, A., & Müller, K.-R. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01111 · Cited by 1,647
Self-citationExplaining Deep Neural Networks and Beyond: A Review of Methods and Applications
Samek, W., Montavon, G., Lapuschkin, S., Anders, C. J., & Muller, K.-R. (2021) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2021.3060483 · Cited by 1,477
“, centroid-based [119], PCA-based [64], kernelbased [141], or combinations of them [37], [72], [164])”
BackgroundSingle-trial analysis and classification of ERP components — A tutorial
Blankertz, B., Lemm, S., Treder, M., Haufe, S., & Müller, K.-R. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.06.048 · Cited by 1,138
Self-citation(2007) · Cited by 937
Combining Machine Learning and Computational Chemistry for Predictive Insights Into Chemical Systems
Keith, J. A., Vassilev-Galindo, V., Cheng, B., Chmiela, S., Gastegger, M., Müller, K.-R., & Tkatchenko, A. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00107 · Cited by 849
Self-citationComparing molecules and solids across structural and alchemical space
De, S., Bartók, A. P., Csányi, G., & Ceriotti, M. (2016) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c6cp00415f · Cited by 778
Machine learning unifies the modeling of materials and molecules
Bartók, A. P., De, S., Poelking, C., Bernstein, N., Kermode, J. R., Csányi, G., & Ceriotti, M. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701816 · Cited by 764
Domain Generalization via Invariant Feature Representation
Muandet, K., Balduzzi, D., & Schölkopf, B. (2013) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1301.2115 · Cited by 771
Self-citationDiffusion maps for high-dimensional single-cell analysis of differentiation data
Haghverdi, L., Buettner, F., & Theis, F. J. (2015) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv325 · Cited by 649
Dimensionality Reduction for Supervised Learning With Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces
Fukumizu, K., Bach, F. R., & Jordan, M. I. (2003) · doi:10.21236/ada446572 · Cited by 723
Integration strategies of multi-omics data for machine learning analysis
Picard, M., Scott-Boyer, M.-P., Bodein, A., Périn, O., & Droit, A. (2021) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2021.06.030 · Cited by 696
Hou, R., & Xia, Y. (2021) · Journal of Sound and Vibration · doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2020.115741 · Cited by 674
Discovering phase transitions with unsupervised learning
Wang, L. (2016) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.94.195105 · Cited by 618
Quantum advantage in learning from experiments
Huang, H.-Y., Broughton, M., Cotler, J., Chen, S., Li, J., Mohseni, M., Neven, H., Babbush, R., Kueng, R., Preskill, J., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abn7293 · Cited by 519
A survey on wearable sensor modality centred human activity recognition in health care
Wang, Y., Cang, S., & Yu, H. (2019) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2019.04.057 · Cited by 409
Liu, X., Gao, J., He, X., Deng, L., Duh, K., & Wang, Y.-Y. (2015) · Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies · doi:10.3115/v1/n15-1092 · Cited by 395
High-dimensional data clustering
Bouveyron, C., Girard, S., & Schmid, C. (2007) · Computational Statistics & Data Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.csda.2007.02.009 · Cited by 382
Fault diagnosis of low speed bearing based on relevance vector machine and support vector machine
Widodo, A., Kim, E. Y., Son, J.-D., Yang, B.-S., Tan, A. C. C., Gu, D.-S., Choi, B.-K., & Mathew, J. (2009) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2008.09.033 · Cited by 324
Tutorial on practical tips of the most influential data preprocessing algorithms in data mining
García, S., Luengo, J., & Herrera, F. (2016) · Knowledge-Based Systems · doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2015.12.006 · Cited by 310
Symmetry-Adapted Machine Learning for Tensorial Properties of Atomistic Systems
Grisafi, A., Wilkins, D. M., Csányi, G., & Ceriotti, M. (2018) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.120.036002 · Cited by 309
The Virtual Brain Integrates Computational Modeling and Multimodal Neuroimaging
Ritter, P., Schirner, M., McIntosh, A. R., & Jirsa, V. K. (2013) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2012.0120 · Cited by 268
Rohrdanz, M. A., Zheng, W., & Clementi, C. (2013) · Annual Review of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-physchem-040412-110006 · Cited by 242
Chen, C., Zhang, Q., Yu, B., Yu, Z., Lawrence, P. J., Ma, Q., & Zhang, Y. (2020) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103899 · Cited by 238
Reynders, E., Wursten, G., & De Roeck, G. (2014) · Structural Health Monitoring · doi:10.1177/1475921713502836 · Cited by 237
On a connection between kernel PCA and metric multidimensional scaling
Williams, C. K. I. (2002) · Machine Learning · doi:10.1023/a:1012485807823 · Cited by 206
Using sketch-map coordinates to analyze and bias molecular dynamics simulations
Tribello, G. A., Ceriotti, M., & Parrinello, M. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1201152109 · Cited by 202
Unsupervised machine learning in atomistic simulations, between predictions and understanding
Ceriotti, M. (2019) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.5091842 · Cited by 173
Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Automated Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders
Raghavendra, U., Acharya, U. R., & Adeli, H. (2019) · European Neurology · doi:10.1159/000504292 · Cited by 174
Overfitting in linear feature extraction for classification of high-dimensional image data
Liu, R., & Gillies, D. F. (2016) · Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2015.11.015 · Cited by 123
${l_p}$-norms in One-Class Classification for Intrusion Detection in SCADA Systems
Nader, P., Honeine, P., & Beauseroy, P. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics · doi:10.1109/tii.2014.2330796 · Cited by 122
Machine learning in bioinformatics: A brief survey and recommendations for practitioners
Bhaskar, H., Hoyle, D. C., & Singh, S. (2006) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2005.09.002 · Cited by 109
Jiang, L., Xuan, J., & Shi, T. (2013) · Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing · doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2013.05.017 · Cited by 103
Challenges in the Development of Soft Sensors for Bioprocesses: A Critical Review
Brunner, V., Siegl, M., Geier, D., & Becker, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2021.722202 · Cited by 100
U.S. Treaty Making with American Indians: Institutional Change and Relative Power, 1784–1911
Spirling, A. (2012) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00558.x · Cited by 98
Juefei-Xu, F., Luu, K., & Savvides, M. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2015.2468173 · Cited by 74
Deep Learning Based Attribute Classification Insider Threat Detection for Data Security
Meng, F., Lou, F., Fu, Y., & Tian, Z. (2018) · 2018 IEEE Third International Conference on Data Science in Cyberspace (DSC) · doi:10.1109/dsc.2018.00092 · Cited by 74
Nonlinear dimensionality reduction and mapping of compound libraries for drug discovery
Reutlinger, M., & Schneider, G. (2012) · Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.jmgm.2011.12.006 · Cited by 72
Active learning via query synthesis and nearest neighbour search
Wang, L., Hu, X., Yuan, B., & Lu, J. (2015) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2014.06.042 · Cited by 59
Open-Ended Learning Leads to Generally Capable Agents
Open Ended Learning Team, Stooke, A., Mahajan, A., Barros, C., Deck, C., Bauer, J., Sygnowski, J., Trebacz, M., Jaderberg, M., Mathieu, M., et al. (2021) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2107.12808 · Cited by 56
Lapish, C. C., Balaguer-Ballester, E., Seamans, J. K., Phillips, A. G., & Durstewitz, D. (2015) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2421-14.2015 · Cited by 45
Mapping and classifying molecules from a high-throughput structural database
De, S., Musil, F., Ingram, T., Baldauf, C., & Ceriotti, M. (2017) · Journal of Cheminformatics · doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0192-4 · Cited by 42
Yoo, K., Kim, J., Jang, J., & Kwak, N. (2022) · Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2022 · doi:10.18653/v1/2022.findings-acl.289 · Cited by 33
Use of machine learning for classification of magnetocardiograms
Embrechts, M., Szymanski, B., Sternickel, K., Naenna, T., & Bragaspathi, R. (2004) · SMC'03 Conference Proceedings. 2003 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Conference Theme - System Security and Assurance (Cat. No.03CH37483) · doi:10.1109/icsmc.2003.1244608 · Cited by 27
A multilayer perceptron hazard detector for vision-based autonomous planetary landing
Lunghi, P., Ciarambino, M., & Lavagna, M. (2016) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.asr.2016.04.012 · Cited by 26
Spacecraft Pose Estimation using Principal Component Analysis and a Monocular Camera
Shi, J.-F., Ulrich, S., & Ruel, S. (2017) · AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference · doi:10.2514/6.2017-1034 · Cited by 25
Introduction to Scientific Data Mining: Direct Kernel Methods and Applications
Embrechts, M. J., Szymanski, B., & Sternickel, K. (2004) · Computationally Intelligent Hybrid Systems · doi:10.1002/9780471683407.ch10 · Cited by 21
Efficient representations of binarized health deficit data: the frailty index and beyond
Pridham, G., Rockwood, K., & Rutenberg, A. (2023) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-022-00723-z · Cited by 17
Learning Weighted Submanifolds With Variational Autoencoders and Riemannian Variational Autoencoders
Miolane, N., & Holmes, S. (2020) · 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr42600.2020.01451 · Cited by 16
3D Point Correspondence by Minimum Description Length in Feature Space
Chen, J.-H., Zheng, K. C., & Shapiro, L. G. (2010) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-15558-1_45 · Cited by 12
(2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · Cited by 7
Pakravan, M., & Jahed, M. (2022) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2021.103410 · Cited by 6
Kenfack, C. S., Mkankam, F. K., Alory, G., Penhoat, Y. D., Hounkonnou, M. N., Vondou, D. A., & Jr., B. G. N. (2017) · Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences · doi:10.3319/tao.2016.08.29.01 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., & Müller, K.-R.
- Venue
- Neural Computation
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 1998-07-01
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1299-1319
- ISSN
- 0899-7667 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-888X
- OpenAlex
- W2140095548
- Cited by
- 8,084
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 43.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.