Six-Year Outcome for Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Residual Symptoms in Major Depression
Abstract
Objective The authors' goal was to determine whether cognitive behavioral treatment of residual symptoms of depression might have a significant effect on relapse rate. Method A 6-year follow-up assessment was conducted of 40 patients with primary major depressive disorder who had been successfully treated with antidepressants and were randomly assigned to either cognitive behavioral treatment of residual symptoms or standard clinical management. Results Ten of the patients (50%) in the cognitive behavioral treatment group and 15 (75%) in the standard clinical management group relapsed. The difference did not attain statistical significance. When multiple relapses were considered, patients in the cognitive behavioral treatment group had a significantly lower number of depressive episodes than those in the standard clinical management group. Patients responded to the same antidepressant drug used in the index episode; in two cases (4%), resistance occurred. Conclusions The protective effects of cognitive behavioral treatment that were evident at 4-year follow-up faded afterward. Cognitive behavioral treatment of residual symptoms, however, improved the long-term outcome of major depression in terms of total number of episodes during the follow-up period.
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Cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy have shown longer-lasting effects in preventing relapse in adults, some comparable to medication alone.
“Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (Fava 1998; Hensley 2004) and, more recently, mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy (MBCT), have shown longer-lasting effects (Ma 2004; Teasdale 2000), some of which are comparable to that achieved by medication alone (Segal 2010).”
From Interventions for preventing relapse and recurrence of a depressive disorder in children and adolescents (2012) · cites this paper as Fava 1998
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- Authors
- Fava, G. A., Rafanelli, C., Grandi, S., Canestrari, R., & Morphy, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Buffalo VA Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1998-10-01
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1443-1445
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W1995582902
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 12.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, residual depressive symptoms, major depressive disorder, relapse prevention, long-term outcomes, antidepressant treatment, treatment-resistant depression, number of depressive episodes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Secondary Prevention
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