Compassion in Organizational Life
Abstract
In this article, the authors explore compassion in work organizations. They discuss the prevalence and costs of pain in organizational life, and identify compassion as an important process that can occur in response to suffering. At the individual level, compassion takes place through three subprocesses: noticing another’s pain, experiencing an emotional reaction to the pain, and acting in response to the pain. The authors build on this framework to argue that organizational compassion exists when members of a system collectively notice, feel, and respond to pain experienced by members of that system. These processes become collective as features of an organization’s context legitimate them within the organization, propagate them among organizational members, and coordinate them across individuals.
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Most studies on compassionate leadership emerge from 2002, with several important contributions from Frost et al. (2004), Kanov et al. (2004), and Lilius et al. (2003) in the form of commentary and discussions.
“Even though the year 1999 was selected as the base year for identifying studies based on the theme of compassionate leadership, most of the studies emerge from 2002 with several important contributions from (Frost et al. 2004; Kanov et al. 2004; Lilius et al. 2003) in the form of commentary and discussions.”
From Whither compassionate leadership? A systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as Kanov et al. 2004
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Hsieh, C., Yang, K., & Fu, K. (2011) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02499.x · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Reshaping HRD in Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Ethics of Care Approach
McGuire, D., Germain, M., & Reynolds, K. (2020) · Advances in Developing Human Resources · doi:10.1177/1523422320973426 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Healing a Broken Spirit: Role of Servant Leadership
Jit, R., Sharma, C. S., & Kawatra, M. (2017) · Vikalpa The Journal for Decision Makers · doi:10.1177/0256090917703754 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Gill, M. (2018) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2016.0378 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Compassion Fatigue and Burnout
Slatten, L. A. D., CARSON, K. D., & Carson, P. P. (2011) · The Health Care Manager · doi:10.1097/hcm.0b013e31823511f7 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Lindebaum, D., & Jordan, P. J. (2014) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726714535824 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Bridging corporate social responsibility and compassion at work
Moon, T., Hur, W., Ko, S.-H., Kim, J.-W., & Yoon, S. (2014) · Career Development International · doi:10.1108/cdi-05-2013-0060 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Hu, Y., Wu, X., Zong, Z., Xiao, Y., Maguire, P., Qu, F., Wei, J., & Wang, D. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02470 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Spirituality and the Management Teacher
Kernochan, R. A., McCormick, D. W., & White, J. A. (2007) · Journal of Management Inquiry · doi:10.1177/1056492606297545 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self‐compassion in organizations: A review and future research agenda
Dodson, S. J., & Heng, Y. T. (2021) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2556 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Compassion at the counter: Service providers and bereaved consumers
O’Donohoe, S., & Turley, D. (2006) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726706071648 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Rosenbaum, D. P., & Lawrence, D. S. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11292-017-9293-3 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Ahmad, S., Islam, T., D’Cruz, P., & Noronha, E. (2022) · International Journal of Conflict Management · doi:10.1108/ijcma-05-2022-0098 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
The value of 21st century work–family supports: Review and cross‐level path forward
Masterson, C. R., Sugiyama, K., & Ladge, J. J. (2020) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2442 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Social innovation model for business performance and innovation
Saji, B. S., & Ellingstad, P. (2016) · International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management · doi:10.1108/ijppm-10-2015-0147 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Compassion revealed: What we know about compassion at work (and where we need to know more)
Lilius, J. M., Kanov, J. M., Dutton, J. E., Worline, M. C., & Maitlis, S. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationHazen, M. A. (2008) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2008.34587996 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Whither compassionate leadership? A systematic review
Ramachandran, S., Balasubramanian, S., James, W. F., & Al Masaeid, T. (2024) · Management Review Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11301-023-00340-w · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“Even though the year 1999 was selected as the base year for identifying studies based on the theme of compassionate leadership, most of the studies emerge from 2002 with several important contributions from (Frost et al. 2004; Kanov et al. 2004; Lilius et al. 2003) in the form of commentary and discussions.”
MethodCompassion: Embodied and Embedded
Khoury, B. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01211-w · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Muller, A. R., & Kräussl, R. (2011) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-011-0861-6 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Gerber, Z., & Anaki, D. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01540-1 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The Role of Compassion in Shaping Social Entrepreneurs’ Prosocial Opportunity Recognition
Yitshaki, R., Kropp, F., & Honig, B. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-021-04860-x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Williams, M., & Polman, E. (2014) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2014.0941 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Meyer, M. (2016) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3388-z · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Compassionate care: not easy, not free, not only nurses
Bivins, R., Tierney, S., & Seers, K. (2017) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2017-007005 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Kanov, J. M., Powley, E. H., & Walshe, N. D. (2016) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726716673144 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationThe trouble with sanctions: Organizational responses to deviant anger displays at work
Geddes, D., & Stickney, L. T. (2010) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726710375482 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
A Heart-Mind-Opportunity Nexus: Distinguishing Social Entrepreneurship for Entrepreneurs
Arend, R. J. (2012) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2012.0251 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Doctors need to be supported, not trained in resilience
Balme, E., Gerada, C., & Page, L. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h4709 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Miner, K. N., Diaz, I., Wooderson, R. L., McDonald, J. N., Smittick, A. L., & Lomeli, L. C. (2017) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000093 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Compassionas a neglected motivator for sustainable tourism
Weaver, D. B., & Jin, X. (2016) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2015.1101130 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Cultivating organizational compassion in healthcare
Simpson, A. V., Farr‐Wharton, B., & Reddy, P. (2019) · Journal of Management & Organization · doi:10.1017/jmo.2019.54 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Calling in Black: a dynamic model of racially traumatic events, resourcing, and safety
McCluney, C. L., Bryant, C. M., King, D. D., & Ali, A. A. (2017) · Equality Diversity and Inclusion An International Journal · doi:10.1108/edi-01-2017-0012 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Embodying compassion: A systematic review of the views of nurses and patients
Durkin, J., Usher, K. J., & Jackson, D. W. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.14722 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Carmeli, A., & Russo, M. (2015) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2015.09.007 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Exploring the Influence of Ethical Climate on Employee Compassion in the Hospitality Industry
Zoghbi‐Manrique‐de‐Lara, P., & Guerra-Báez, R. M. (2014) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-014-2415-1 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kanov, J. M., Maitlis, S., Worline, M. C., Dutton, J. E., Frost, P. J., & Lilius, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Venue
- American Behavioral Scientist
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2004-02
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 808-827
- ISSN
- 0002-7642 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3381
- OpenAlex
- W2070452521
- Cited by
- 671
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 12.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Behavioral Scientist (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Cisco Systems
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Management and Organizational Studies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Appreciative Inquiry and Organizational Change
- Keywords
- compassion, organizational compassion, work-related suffering, emotional response to pain, compassionate action, organizational legitimacy, organizational context
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