The DOI matches its Crossref record; 127 of the 127 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs
Open accessAbstract
During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in societal interest in preventing disability and death in the United States by changing individual behaviors linked to the risk of contracting chronic diseases. This renewed interest in health pro motion and disease prevention has not been without its critics. Some critics have accused proponents of life-style interventions of promoting a victim-blaming ideology by neglecting the importance of social influences on health and disease. This article proposes an ecological model for health promotion which focuses atten tion on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health promo tion interventions. It addresses the importance of interventions directed at changing interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy, factors which support and maintain unhealthy behaviors. The model assumes that appropriate changes in the social environment will produce changes in individuals, and that the support of individ uals in the population is essential for implementing environmental changes.
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“The PAL intervention was based on a socio-ecological theoretical framework that recognizes the complex interplay between personal and environmental influences on behaviour [16].”
In the citing paper
“The theoretical framework used for the review is the socio-ecological model (SEM) to map and interpret the various influences on HPV vaccination awareness and uptake among adolescent girls in India47,48.”
From Barriers to HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in India: A scoping review (2026) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“Interpersonal factors like parental influence, peer support, and healthcare provider recommendations also shaped decisions, though outreach was inconsistent in underserved areas31,39,45.”
From Barriers to HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in India: A scoping review (2026) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“Many respondents, especially mothers, said they were uncomfortable with their daughters receiving a vaccine against a sexually transmitted disease, frequently attributing this to ethical issues and the belief that it encourages immorality36,37,45.”
From Barriers to HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in India: A scoping review (2026) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“The SEM recognizes that health behaviors are shaped by interactions across multiple levels: individual, interpersonal, organizational/institutional, community, and policy.”
From Barriers to HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in India: A scoping review (2026) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“Family disapproval, particularly in patriarchal or conservative settings, often resulted in refusal to vaccinate, with rural households being more hesitant24,45.”
From Barriers to HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in India: A scoping review (2026) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) (187) share data across states and represent a policy tool targeted toward providers, the broadest level of intervention in the socio-ecological model (188, 189).”
From A Biopsychosocial Overview of the Opioid Crisis: Considering Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health (2019) · cites this paper as [189]
In the citing paper
“This single cohesive framework considers the interdependency of the entire system, drawing its conceptual roots from socio-ecological models (188, 189) including Ecosocial Theory (23).”
From A Biopsychosocial Overview of the Opioid Crisis: Considering Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health (2019) · cites this paper as [189]
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Metadata
- Authors
- McLeroy, K. R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A., & Glanz, K.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Temple University (US)
- Venue
- Health Education Quarterly
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1988-12
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 351-377
- ISSN
- 0195-8402 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2158089900
- Semantic Scholar
- f8154b5adc62485636016c48ebb94a9c8bc9dde8
- Cited by
- 8,502
- References
- 125
- Citations by year
- 2026: 810 · 2025: 739 · 2024: 573 · 2023: 541 · 2022: 569 · 2021: 552 · 2020: 611 · 2019: 420 · 2018: 406 · 2017: 319 · 2016: 344 · 2015: 317 · 2014: 302 · 2013: 299 · 2012: 224
- FWCI
- 38.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Health Education Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University Libraries (University of Maryland) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Public Health Policies and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Community Health and Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Keywords
- ecological model, health promotion, disease prevention, lifestyle intervention, social environment, social determinants of health, victim blaming, chronic disease prevention, community-based intervention, public policy, organizational interventions, interpersonal factors
- MeSH terms
- Community Health Services, Health Promotion, Humans, Social Environment, Health Behavior
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