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Cited by 129Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchFamily and Disability Support ResearchSexual Differentiation and Disorders

Risk factors for autism and Asperger syndrome: Perinatal factors and migration

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Haglund, Nils G.S., Källén, Karin B.M.·2011·Autism
DOI 10.1177/1362361309353614
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Abstract

Using the Swedish Medical Birth Registry (MBR), obstetrical and demographic information was retrieved for 250 children with autism or Asperger syndrome who were born in Malmoe, Sweden, and enrolled at the local Child and Youth Habilitation Center. The reference group consisted of all children born in Malmoe during 1980—2005. Obstetric sub-optimality (prematurity, low Apgar scores, growth restriction, or macrosomia) was positively associated with autism but not with Asperger syndrome. Maternal birth outside the Nordic countries was positively associated with autism (adjusted OR: 2.2; 95%CI: 1.6—3.1) and negatively associated with Asperger syndrome (OR: 0.6; 95%CI: 0.3—0.97). The highest risk estimate for autism was found among children to women who were born in sub-Saharan Africa (OR: 7.3), or in East Asia (OR: 3.4).

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Crossref · 10.1177/1362361309353614

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  • Several recent studies suggest that parental immigration, especially maternal immigration but also paternal immigration, is a risk factor for ASD.

    “In fact, several recent studies suggest that parental immigration, especially maternal immigration but also paternal immigration, is a risk factor for ASD (53–59).”

    From Gene × Environment Interactions in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms (2014) · cites this paper as [55]

  • Most studies showed increased risk of ASD among children of migrant parents, while some reported no association or even decreased risk.

    “Most studies showed increased risk of ASD among children of migrant parents [61,62,63,64,65,66,67,69,70], while some reported no association [61,65,68,69] or even decreased risk [61,68,69,70].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [67]

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Authors
Haglund, N. G. S., & Källén, K. B. M.
Affiliations
  • Malmoe Child and Youth Habilitation Center, Sweden,
  • Lund University (SE)
ORCID
Venue
Autism
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2010-10-05
Volume
15
Issue
2
Pages
163-183
ISSN
  • 1362-3613 (ISSN-L)
  • 1461-7005
DOI
10.1177/1362361309353614
OpenAlex
W2111619439
Cited by
129
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 10
FWCI
5.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Autism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Keywords
Asperger syndrome, risk factors, preterm birth, low Apgar score, fetal growth restriction, macrosomia, maternal birthplace, maternal migration, sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia
MeSH terms
Adult, Apgar Score, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Asia, Eastern, Female, Fetal Growth Retardation, Fetal Macrosomia, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Maternal Age, Parity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Risk Factors, Sweden, Multivariate Analysis, Confidence Intervals, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Africa South of the Sahara, Asperger Syndrome, Emigrants and Immigrants, Young Adult

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