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Cited by 358Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchFamily and Disability Support ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Descriptive epidemiology of autism in a California population: Who is at risk?

Croen, Lisa A., Grether, Judith K., Selvin, Steve·2002·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
DOI 10.1023/a:1015405914950
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Abstract

We investigated the association between selected infant and maternal characteristics and autism risk. Children with autism born in California in 1989-1994 were identified through service agency records and compared with the total population of California live births for selected characteristics recorded on the birth certificate. Multivariate models were used to generate adjusted risk estimates. From a live birth population of more than 3.5 million, 4381 children with autism were identified. Increased risks were observed for males, multiple births, and children born to black mothers. Risk increased as maternal age and maternal education increased. Children born to immigrant mothers had similar or decreased risk compared with California-born mothers. Environmental factors associated with these demographic characteristics may interact with genetic vulnerability to increase the risk of autism.

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Crossref · 10.1023/a:1015405914950

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51 of 51 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The risk of AD was reported to be higher in children of mothers born in Mexico and in East Asian countries living in the US than in children of mothers born in the US.

    “The risk of AD was reported to be higher in children of mothers born in Mexico and in East Asian countries living in the US than those of mothers born in the US [68,69].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [68]

  • Most studies showed increased risk of ASD among children of migrant parents, while some reported no association or even decreased risk.

    “Most studies showed increased risk of ASD among children of migrant parents [61,62,63,64,65,66,67,69,70], while some reported no association [61,65,68,69] or even decreased risk [61,68,69,70].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [68]

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Authors
Croen, L. A., Grether, J. K., & Selvin, S.
Affiliations
  • March of Dimes (US)
  • University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author
Croen, Lisa A.
ORCID
Croen, Lisa A.
Venue
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2002-06
Volume
32
Issue
3
Pages
217-224
ISSN
  • 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-3432
DOI
10.1023/a:1015405914950
OpenAlex
W1581467677
Cited by
358
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 30
FWCI
4.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, autism risk factors, infant characteristics, maternal characteristics, maternal age, maternal education, multiple births, racial disparities, immigrant mothers, sex differences, environmental risk factors, genetic susceptibility, California
MeSH terms
Autistic Disorder, California, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mass Screening, Intellectual Disability, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Syndrome, Incidence, Multivariate Analysis

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