The prion hypothesis in Parkinson's disease: braak to the future
Open accessAbstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder typified by the presence of intraneuronal inclusions containing aggregated alpha synuclein (αsyn). The progression of parkinsonian pathology and clinical phenotype has been broadly demonstrated to follow a specific pattern, most notably described by Braak and colleagues. In more recent times it has been hypothesized that αsyn itself may be a critical factor in mediating transmission of disease pathology from one brain area to another. Here we investigate the growing body of evidence demonstrating the ability of αsyn to spread transcellularly and induce pathological aggregation affecting neurons by permissive templating and provide a critical analysis of some irregularities in the hypothesis that the progression of PD pathology may be mediated by such a prion-like process. Finally we discuss some key questions that remain unanswered which are vital to determining the potential contribution of a prion-like process to the pathogenesis of PD.
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Alpha-synuclein could act like a prion protein during Parkinson's disease pathogenesis, spreading pathology by templating misfolding of nearby alpha-synuclein.
“It has been suggested that alpha-synuclein could act like a prion protein during PD pathogenesis.In this theory pathologic, misfolded alpha-synuclein is an 'infectious' protein spreading pathology by forming a template that seeds misfolding for nearby alpha-synuclein protein, turning the previously healthy protein into a pathogenic protein (Jucker and Walker, 2013;Visanji et al., 2013).”
From The Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease: Possibilities for Food-Based Therapies (2017) · cites this paper as Visanji et al., 2013
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“In this theory pathologic, misfolded alpha-synuclein is an ‘infectious’ protein spreading pathology by forming a template that seeds misfolding for nearby alpha-synuclein protein, turning the previously healthy protein into a pathogenic protein (Jucker and Walker, 2013; Visanji et al., 2013).”
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Kumari, S., Taliyan, R., & Dubey, S. K. (2023) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00730 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The neuromicrobiology of Parkinson’s disease: A unifying theory
Muñoz, M., Empadinhas, N., & Cardoso, S. M. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101396 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
- Authors
- Visanji, N. P., Brooks, P. L., Hazrati, L.-N., & Lang, A. E.
- Affiliations
- Toronto Western Hospital (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Lang, Anthony E
- Venue
- Acta Neuropathologica Communications
- Published
- 2013-05-08
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2-2
- ISSN
- 2051-5960 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3776210
- OpenAlex
- W2159340140
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 2.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Acta Neuropathologica Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TSpace (University of Toronto) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship@McGill (McGill) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, prion hypothesis, alpha-synuclein, prion-like propagation, templating, Braak staging, neurodegeneration, alpha-synuclein aggregation, disease progression
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Models, Neurological, Parkinson Disease, Prions, Severity of Illness Index
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