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Extracellular vesicles remodel tumor environment for cancer immunotherapy

Yue, Ming, Hu, Shengyun, Sun, Haifeng, Tuo, Baojing, Jia, Bin, Chen, Chen, Wang, Wenkang, Liu, Jinbo, Liu, Yang, Sun, Zhenqiang, Hu, Junhong·2023·Molecular Cancer
DOI 10.1186/s12943-023-01898-5PMC PMC10717809
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Abstract

Tumor immunotherapy has transformed neoplastic disease management, yet low response rates and immune complications persist as major challenges. Extracellular vesicles including exosomes have emerged as therapeutic agents actively involved in a diverse range of pathological conditions. Mounting evidence suggests that alterations in the quantity and composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to the remodeling of the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy. This revelation has sparked clinical interest in utilizing EVs for immune sensitization. In this perspective article, we present a comprehensive overview of the origins, generation, and interplay among various components of EVs within the TME. Furthermore, we discuss the pivotal role of EVs in reshaping the TME during tumorigenesis and their specific cargo, such as PD-1 and non-coding RNA, which influence the phenotypes of critical immune cells within the TME. Additionally, we summarize the applications of EVs in different anti-tumor therapies, the latest advancements in engineering EVs for cancer immunotherapy, and the challenges encountered in clinical translation. In light of these findings, we advocate for a broader understanding of the impact of EVs on the TME, as this will unveil overlooked therapeutic vulnerabilities and potentially enhance the efficacy of existing cancer immunotherapies.

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Metadata

Authors
Yue, M., Hu, S., Sun, H., Tuo, B., Jia, B., Chen, C., Wang, W., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Sun, Z., & Hu, J.
Venue
Molecular Cancer
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2023-12-13
Volume
22
Issue
1
ISSN
1476-4598
DOI
10.1186/s12943-023-01898-5
PMC
PMC10717809
Cited by
119
References
18
Language
en
Licence
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (81972663)
  • Scientific Research and Innovation Team of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (ZYCXTD2023018)
  • The Excellent Youth Science Project of Henan Natural Science Foundation (212300410074)
  • The Youth Talent Innovation Team Support Program of Zhengzhou University (32320290)
  • The Provincial and Ministry Co-constructed Key Projects of Henan Medical Science and Technology (SBGJ202102134)
  • Henan Medical Technology Popularization Project (SYJS2022109)
  • Henan Provincial Health and Health Commission Joint Construction Project (LHGJ20200158)
  • Henan Province Young and Middle-aged Health Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project (YXKC2022016)

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