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Exosome and Exosomal MicroRNA: Trafficking, Sorting, and Function

Zhang, Jian, Li, Sha, Li, Lu, Li, Meng, Guo, Chongye, Yao, Jun, Mi, Shuangli·2015·Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
DOI 10.1016/j.gpb.2015.02.001PMC PMC4411500
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Abstract

Exosomes are 40–100 nm nano-sized vesicles that are released from many cell types into the extracellular space. Such vesicles are widely distributed in various body fluids. Recently, mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in exosomes, which can be taken up by neighboring or distant cells and subsequently modulate recipient cells. This suggests an active sorting mechanism of exosomal miRNAs, since the miRNA profiles of exosomes may differ from those of the parent cells. Exosomal miRNAs play an important role in disease progression, and can stimulate angiogenesis and facilitate metastasis in cancers. In this review, we will introduce the origin and the trafficking of exosomes between cells, display current research on the sorting mechanism of exosomal miRNAs, and briefly describe how exosomes and their miRNAs function in recipient cells. Finally, we will discuss the potential applications of these miRNA-containing vesicles in clinical settings.

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  • MicroRNAs are mostly transported by exosome-derived cells, and exosomes play an important role in intercellular communication by releasing the miRNAs they contain.

    “MicroRNAs are mostly transported by exosome-derived cells. Exosomes play an important role in intercellular communication by releasing the miRNAs they contain (Zhang et al. 2015).”

    From MiR-124 and MiR-155 as Therapeutic Targets in Microglia-Mediated Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis (2025) · cites this paper as Zhang et al. 2015

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Metadata

Authors
Zhang, J., Li, S., Li, L., Li, M., Guo, C., Yao, J., & Mi, S.
Venue
Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2015-02-01
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
17-24
ISSN
  • 1672-0229
  • 2210-3244
DOI
10.1016/j.gpb.2015.02.001
PMC
PMC4411500
Cited by
1,901
References
8
Language
en
Licence
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (31161120358, 31400741)
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of China (20111CB510106, 2015CB910603)
  • Ministry of Education of China
  • Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (31400741)
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (20111CB510106, 2015CB910603)
  • State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology

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