Cited by 37Microbial Metabolites in Food BiotechnologyGut microbiota and healthRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

Oligofructose improves small intestinal lipid-sensing mechanisms via alterations to the small intestinal microbiota

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Weninger, Savanna N., Herman, Chloe, Meyer, Rachel K., Beauchemin, Eve T., Kangath, Archana, Lane, Adelina I., Martinez, Taylor M., Hasneen, Tahia +7 more·2023·Microbiome

Abstract

Background: Upper small intestinal dietary lipids activate a gut-brain axis regulating energy homeostasis. The prebiotic, oligofructose (OFS) improves body weight and adiposity during metabolic dysregulation but the exact mechanisms remain unknown. This study examines whether alterations to the small intestinal microbiota following OFS treatment improve small intestinal lipid-sensing to regulate food intake in high fat (HF)-fed rats. Results: In rats fed a HF diet for 4 weeks, OFS supplementation decreased food intake and meal size within 2 days, and reduced body weight and adiposity after 6 weeks. Acute (3 day) OFS treatment restored small intestinal lipid-induced satiation during HF-feeding, and was associated with increased small intestinal CD36 expression, portal GLP-1 levels and hindbrain neuronal activation following a small intestinal lipid infusion. Transplant of the small intestinal microbiota from acute OFS treated donors into HF-fed rats also restored lipid-sensing mechanisms to lower food intake. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that both long and short-term OFS altered the small intestinal microbiota, increasing Bifidobacterium relative abundance. Small intestinal administration of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum to HF-fed rats improved small intestinal lipid-sensing to decrease food intake. Conclusion: OFS supplementation rapidly modulates the small intestinal gut microbiota, which mediates improvements in small intestinal lipid sensing mechanisms that control food intake to improve energy homeostasis.

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Authors
Weninger, S. N., Herman, C., Meyer, R. K., Beauchemin, E. T., Kangath, A., Lane, A. I., Martinez, T. M., Hasneen, T., Jaramillo, S. A., Lindsey, J., Vedantam, G., Cai, H., Cope, E. K., Caporaso, J. G., & Duca, F. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Arizona (US)
  • Northern Arizona University (US)
Corresponding author
Duca, Frank A.
Venue
Microbiome
Published
2023-08-02
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
169-169
ISSN
2049-2618 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4385487110
Cited by
37
References
72
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 2
FWCI
6.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Microbiome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Arizona Biomedical Research Commission (ADHS17-00007401)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK121804)
  • National Institute of Food and Agriculture (67017-29252)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords
fructooligosaccharides, prebiotics, gut microbiota, high-fat diet, food intake regulation, energy homeostasis, adiposity, CD36, glucagon-like peptide-1, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, gut-brain axis, microbial transplantation, satiation
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Body Weight, Dietary Fats, Obesity, Oligosaccharides, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Rats, Diet, High-Fat

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